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Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy
Published in: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy 6/2023

17-01-2023 | Cholangiocarcinoma | Research

Real-world experience of postoperative adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma at high risk of recurrence

Authors: Qin-qin Liu, Xiang-de Shi, Yan-fang Ye, Qi-bin Tang, Hao-ming Lin, Xian-huan Yu, Rui Zhang, Chao Liu

Published in: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy | Issue 6/2023

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Abstract

Background

This study aimed to assess whether postoperative adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy could lead to better clinical outcomes for high-risk patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA).

Methods

In the cohort study, we retrospectively reviewed patients who received surgical resection for pCCA with curative intent from January 2018 to December 2021 at the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital.
The patients at high risk for relapse were further analyzed. Among them, 20 patients received adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, 28 patients received adjuvant chemotherapy, and 33 patients received surgery alone. The oncological outcomes and drug-associated adverse events were evaluated.

Results

The 2-year overall survival (OS) rates in patients treated with adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, and surgery alone were 80.0%, 49.4% and 22.6%, respectively. Univariable and multivariable Cox analyses showed that the treatment regimen and TNM stage were associated with adverse OS. Adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy led to an increase in OS compared with adjuvant chemotherapy [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.253; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.072–9.870; P = 0.037] or surgery alone (HR = 7.560; 95% CI 2.508–22.785; P < 0.001). The median recurrence-free survival was 22.0 months for the adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy group, 17.0 months for the adjuvant chemotherapy group, and 13.2 months for the surgery alone group (P = 0.177); these differences were not significant. The chemoimmunotherapy group was associated with more frequent hematological side effects than the chemotherapy group, but the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusion

Postoperative adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy for resected pCCA patients showed improved OS compared with adjuvant chemotherapy or surgery alone, and further prospectively randomized controlled trials are necessary to validate these results.
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Metadata
Title
Real-world experience of postoperative adjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma at high risk of recurrence
Authors
Qin-qin Liu
Xiang-de Shi
Yan-fang Ye
Qi-bin Tang
Hao-ming Lin
Xian-huan Yu
Rui Zhang
Chao Liu
Publication date
17-01-2023
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy / Issue 6/2023
Print ISSN: 0340-7004
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0851
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-022-03362-7

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