Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis 1/2008

01-02-2008

Case studies in anticoagulation management

Author: Wendy A. Leong

Published in: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis | Issue 1/2008

Login to get access

Excerpt

As one of the most complex and widely prescribed drugs in North America, warfarin is a “hassle” drug due to its narrow therapeutic index, individualized dosing, INR monitoring, drug interactions, and high risk of bleed and patient noncompliance [1]. Fear of warfarin has led to under prescribing, subtherapeutic dosing and increased risk of thromboembolic events [15]. …
Literature
1.
go back to reference Leong WA (2004) Anticoagulation opportunities for community pharmacists. Pharm Practice 20(11):CE1–8 Leong WA (2004) Anticoagulation opportunities for community pharmacists. Pharm Practice 20(11):CE1–8
2.
go back to reference Ansell J, Hollowell J, Pengo V et al (2007) Descriptive analysis of the process and quality of oral anticoagulation management in real-life practice in patients with chronic non-valvular atrial fibrillation: the international study of anticoagulation management (ISAM). J Thromb Thrombolysis 23(2):83–91PubMedCrossRef Ansell J, Hollowell J, Pengo V et al (2007) Descriptive analysis of the process and quality of oral anticoagulation management in real-life practice in patients with chronic non-valvular atrial fibrillation: the international study of anticoagulation management (ISAM). J Thromb Thrombolysis 23(2):83–91PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Ansell JE, Oertel LB and Wittkowsky AK (eds) (2003) Managing Oral Anticoagulation: Clinical & Operational Guidelines, 2nd edn. Aspen Publishers, New York, NY Ansell JE, Oertel LB and Wittkowsky AK (eds) (2003) Managing Oral Anticoagulation: Clinical & Operational Guidelines, 2nd edn. Aspen Publishers, New York, NY
4.
go back to reference Ansell JE, the Anticoagulation Guidelines Task Force (1997) Consensus guidelines for coordinated outpatient oral anticoagulation therapy management. Ann Pharmacother 31:604–615PubMed Ansell JE, the Anticoagulation Guidelines Task Force (1997) Consensus guidelines for coordinated outpatient oral anticoagulation therapy management. Ann Pharmacother 31:604–615PubMed
5.
go back to reference Ansell J, Hirsh J, Poller L et al (2004) The pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists: the Seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. Chest 126:204S–233SPubMedCrossRef Ansell J, Hirsh J, Poller L et al (2004) The pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists: the Seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. Chest 126:204S–233SPubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Salem DN, Stein PD, Al-Ahmad A et al (2004) Antithrombotic therapy in valvular heart disease—native and prosthetic: the Seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. Chest 126:457S–482SPubMedCrossRef Salem DN, Stein PD, Al-Ahmad A et al (2004) Antithrombotic therapy in valvular heart disease—native and prosthetic: the Seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. Chest 126:457S–482SPubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Hirsh J, Raschke R (2004) Heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin: the seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. Chest 126:188S–203SPubMedCrossRef Hirsh J, Raschke R (2004) Heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin: the seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. Chest 126:188S–203SPubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Douketis JD, Woods K, Crowther MA (2005) Anticoagulation management of patients undergoing elective surgery who require temporary interruption of warfarin therapy. 2nd edn. McMaster University Dept. of Medicine and St. Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, Canada Douketis JD, Woods K, Crowther MA (2005) Anticoagulation management of patients undergoing elective surgery who require temporary interruption of warfarin therapy. 2nd edn. McMaster University Dept. of Medicine and St. Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, Canada
10.
go back to reference Mannucci C, Douketis JD (2006) The management of patients who require temporary reversal of vitamin K antagonists for surgery: a practical guide for clinicians. Intern Emerg Med 1(2):94–95CrossRef Mannucci C, Douketis JD (2006) The management of patients who require temporary reversal of vitamin K antagonists for surgery: a practical guide for clinicians. Intern Emerg Med 1(2):94–95CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Spyropoulos AC, Turpie AG, Dunn AS et al (2006) Clinical outcomes with unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin as bridging therapy in patients on long-term oral anticoagulants: the REGIMEN registry. J Thromb Haemost 4(6):1246–1252PubMedCrossRef Spyropoulos AC, Turpie AG, Dunn AS et al (2006) Clinical outcomes with unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin as bridging therapy in patients on long-term oral anticoagulants: the REGIMEN registry. J Thromb Haemost 4(6):1246–1252PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Dunn A (2006) Perioperative management of oral anticoagulation: when and how to bridge. J Thromb Thrombolysis 21(1):85–89PubMedCrossRef Dunn A (2006) Perioperative management of oral anticoagulation: when and how to bridge. J Thromb Thrombolysis 21(1):85–89PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Meurin P, Tabet JY, Weber H et al (2006) Low-molecular-weight heparin as a bridging anticoagulant early after mechanical heart valve replacement. Circulation 113(4):564–569PubMedCrossRef Meurin P, Tabet JY, Weber H et al (2006) Low-molecular-weight heparin as a bridging anticoagulant early after mechanical heart valve replacement. Circulation 113(4):564–569PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference O’Donnell MJ, Kearon C, Johnson J et al (2007) Brief communication: preoperative anticoagulant activity after bridging low-molecular-weight heparin for temporary interruption of warfarin. Ann Intern Med 146(3):184–187PubMed O’Donnell MJ, Kearon C, Johnson J et al (2007) Brief communication: preoperative anticoagulant activity after bridging low-molecular-weight heparin for temporary interruption of warfarin. Ann Intern Med 146(3):184–187PubMed
15.
go back to reference Deerhake JP, Merz JC, Cooper JV et al (2007) The duration of anticoagulation bridging therapy in clinical practice may significantly exceed that observed in clinical trials. J Thromb Thrombolysis 23(2):107–13PubMedCrossRef Deerhake JP, Merz JC, Cooper JV et al (2007) The duration of anticoagulation bridging therapy in clinical practice may significantly exceed that observed in clinical trials. J Thromb Thrombolysis 23(2):107–13PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Douketis JD, Woods K, Foster GA et al (2005) Bridging anticoagulation with low-molecular-weight heparin after interruption of warfarin therapy is associated with a residual anticoagulant effect prior to surgery. Thromb Haemost 94(3):528–531PubMed Douketis JD, Woods K, Foster GA et al (2005) Bridging anticoagulation with low-molecular-weight heparin after interruption of warfarin therapy is associated with a residual anticoagulant effect prior to surgery. Thromb Haemost 94(3):528–531PubMed
17.
go back to reference Leong WA (1998) Outpatient deep vein thrombosis treatment models. Pharmacotherapy 18(6 Pt 3):170S–174SPubMed Leong WA (1998) Outpatient deep vein thrombosis treatment models. Pharmacotherapy 18(6 Pt 3):170S–174SPubMed
18.
go back to reference Hulse ML (1996) Warfarin resistance: diagnosis and therapeutic alternatives. Pharmacotherapy 16(6):1009–1017PubMed Hulse ML (1996) Warfarin resistance: diagnosis and therapeutic alternatives. Pharmacotherapy 16(6):1009–1017PubMed
19.
go back to reference Rost S, Fregin A, Ivaskevicius V et al (2004) Mutations in VKORC1 cause warfarin resistance and multiple coagulation factor deficiency type 2. Nature 427(6974):537–541PubMedCrossRef Rost S, Fregin A, Ivaskevicius V et al (2004) Mutations in VKORC1 cause warfarin resistance and multiple coagulation factor deficiency type 2. Nature 427(6974):537–541PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Yasar AS, Balbay Y, Maden O et al (2007) Early mechanical mitral valve thrombosis in a patient with warfarin resistance. J Heart Valve Dis 16(2):200–202PubMed Yasar AS, Balbay Y, Maden O et al (2007) Early mechanical mitral valve thrombosis in a patient with warfarin resistance. J Heart Valve Dis 16(2):200–202PubMed
21.
go back to reference Holt RJ, Freytes CO (1983) Familial warfarin resistance. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 17(4):281–283PubMed Holt RJ, Freytes CO (1983) Familial warfarin resistance. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 17(4):281–283PubMed
22.
go back to reference Alving BM, Strickler MP, Knight RD et al (1985) Hereditary warfarin resistance. investigation of a rare phenomenon. Arch Intern Med 145(3):499–501PubMedCrossRef Alving BM, Strickler MP, Knight RD et al (1985) Hereditary warfarin resistance. investigation of a rare phenomenon. Arch Intern Med 145(3):499–501PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Dager WE, Dougherty JA, Nguyen PH et al (2007) Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: treatment options and special considerations. Pharmacotherapy 27(4):564–587PubMedCrossRef Dager WE, Dougherty JA, Nguyen PH et al (2007) Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: treatment options and special considerations. Pharmacotherapy 27(4):564–587PubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Taylor LM, Smith KM (2005) The paradox of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: future anticoagulation. Orthopedics 28(7):651–654PubMed Taylor LM, Smith KM (2005) The paradox of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: future anticoagulation. Orthopedics 28(7):651–654PubMed
25.
go back to reference Attassi K, Hershberger E, Alam R et al (2002) Thrombocytopenia associated with linezolid therapy. Clin Infect Dis 34(5):695–698PubMedCrossRef Attassi K, Hershberger E, Alam R et al (2002) Thrombocytopenia associated with linezolid therapy. Clin Infect Dis 34(5):695–698PubMedCrossRef
26.
go back to reference Waldrep TW, Skiest DJ (2002) Linezolid-induced anemia and thrombocytopenia. Pharmacotherapy 22(1):109–112PubMedCrossRef Waldrep TW, Skiest DJ (2002) Linezolid-induced anemia and thrombocytopenia. Pharmacotherapy 22(1):109–112PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Gerson SL, Kaplan SL, Bruss JB et al (2002) Hematologic effects of linezolid: summary of clinical experience. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 46(8):2723–2726PubMedCrossRef Gerson SL, Kaplan SL, Bruss JB et al (2002) Hematologic effects of linezolid: summary of clinical experience. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 46(8):2723–2726PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Greinacher A, Warkentin TE (2006) Recognition, treatment, and prevention of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: review and update. Thromb Res 118(2):165–176PubMedCrossRef Greinacher A, Warkentin TE (2006) Recognition, treatment, and prevention of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: review and update. Thromb Res 118(2):165–176PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Gruel Y, Pouplard C, Nguyen P et al (2003) Biological and clinical features of low-molecular-weight heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Br J Hematol 121(5):786–792CrossRef Gruel Y, Pouplard C, Nguyen P et al (2003) Biological and clinical features of low-molecular-weight heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Br J Hematol 121(5):786–792CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Warkentin TE (2002) Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: part 1. J Crit Illness 17(5):172–178 Warkentin TE (2002) Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: part 1. J Crit Illness 17(5):172–178
31.
go back to reference Spinler SA, Dager WE (2003) Overview of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Am J Health Syst Pharm 60:S5–S11PubMed Spinler SA, Dager WE (2003) Overview of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Am J Health Syst Pharm 60:S5–S11PubMed
32.
go back to reference Spinler SA (2003) Managing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: preventing life- and limb-threatening thrombosis. Am J Health Syst Pharm 60:S2–S4PubMed Spinler SA (2003) Managing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: preventing life- and limb-threatening thrombosis. Am J Health Syst Pharm 60:S2–S4PubMed
33.
go back to reference Girolami B, Girolami A (2006) Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a review. Semin Thromb Hemost 32(8):803–809PubMedCrossRef Girolami B, Girolami A (2006) Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a review. Semin Thromb Hemost 32(8):803–809PubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Keeling D, Davidson S, Watson H (2006) The management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 133(3):259–269PubMedCrossRef Keeling D, Davidson S, Watson H (2006) The management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Br J Haematol 133(3):259–269PubMedCrossRef
35.
go back to reference Warkentin TE, Greinacher A (2004) Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: recognition, treatment, and prevention: the seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. Chest 126(3 Suppl):311S–337SPubMedCrossRef Warkentin TE, Greinacher A (2004) Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: recognition, treatment, and prevention: the seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy. Chest 126(3 Suppl):311S–337SPubMedCrossRef
36.
go back to reference Andreescu AC, Cushman M (2000) Case studies in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. J Thromb Thrombolysis 10(Suppl):71–76PubMedCrossRef Andreescu AC, Cushman M (2000) Case studies in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. J Thromb Thrombolysis 10(Suppl):71–76PubMedCrossRef
37.
go back to reference Nagao T, Ibayashi S, Fujii K et al (1995) Treatment of warfarin-induced hair loss with ubidecarenone. Lancet 346:1104–1105PubMedCrossRef Nagao T, Ibayashi S, Fujii K et al (1995) Treatment of warfarin-induced hair loss with ubidecarenone. Lancet 346:1104–1105PubMedCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Akihama T, Nakamoto Y, Shindo T et al (1983) Protective effects of Coenzyme Q10 on the adverse reactions of anthracycline antibiotics. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho (Cancer & Chemotherapy) 10(10):2125–2129, [Article in Japanese] Akihama T, Nakamoto Y, Shindo T et al (1983) Protective effects of Coenzyme Q10 on the adverse reactions of anthracycline antibiotics. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho (Cancer & Chemotherapy) 10(10):2125–2129, [Article in Japanese]
39.
go back to reference Frishman WH, Brosnan BD, Grossman M et al (2002) Adverse dermatologic effects of cardiovascular drug therapy: part II. Cardiol in Rev 10(5):285–300CrossRef Frishman WH, Brosnan BD, Grossman M et al (2002) Adverse dermatologic effects of cardiovascular drug therapy: part II. Cardiol in Rev 10(5):285–300CrossRef
41.
go back to reference Motel PJ (1990) Captopril and alopecia: a case report and review of known cutaneous reactions in captopril use. J Am Acad Dermatol 23(1):124–125PubMedCrossRef Motel PJ (1990) Captopril and alopecia: a case report and review of known cutaneous reactions in captopril use. J Am Acad Dermatol 23(1):124–125PubMedCrossRef
42.
go back to reference Thiedke C (2003) Alopecia in women. Am Fam Physician 67:1007–1014, 1017–1018 Thiedke C (2003) Alopecia in women. Am Fam Physician 67:1007–1014, 1017–1018
43.
go back to reference Umlas J, Harken DE (1988) Warfarin-induced alopecia. Cutis 42(1):63–64PubMed Umlas J, Harken DE (1988) Warfarin-induced alopecia. Cutis 42(1):63–64PubMed
44.
go back to reference Kaur M and Kern M (2002) Warfarin sodium induced alopecia. Pharmascript 25(7) Kaur M and Kern M (2002) Warfarin sodium induced alopecia. Pharmascript 25(7)
45.
go back to reference Anon (1995) A close shave... warfarin induced alopecia. ADRB 173:655–658 Anon (1995) A close shave... warfarin induced alopecia. ADRB 173:655–658
46.
go back to reference Wang YY, Po HL (2006) Enoxaparin-induced alopecia in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis. J Clin Pharm Ther 31(5):513–517PubMedCrossRef Wang YY, Po HL (2006) Enoxaparin-induced alopecia in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis. J Clin Pharm Ther 31(5):513–517PubMedCrossRef
47.
go back to reference Sarris E, Tsele E, Bagiatoudi G et al (2003) Diffuse alopecia in a hemodialysis patient caused by a low-molecular-weight heparin, tinzaparin. Am J Kidney Dis 41(5):E15PubMed Sarris E, Tsele E, Bagiatoudi G et al (2003) Diffuse alopecia in a hemodialysis patient caused by a low-molecular-weight heparin, tinzaparin. Am J Kidney Dis 41(5):E15PubMed
48.
go back to reference Qureshi GD, Reinders TP, Swint JJ et al (1981) Acquired warfarin resistance and weight-reducing diet. Arch Intern Med 141(4):507–519PubMedCrossRef Qureshi GD, Reinders TP, Swint JJ et al (1981) Acquired warfarin resistance and weight-reducing diet. Arch Intern Med 141(4):507–519PubMedCrossRef
49.
go back to reference Reese AM, Farnett LE, Lyons RM et al (2005) Low-dose vitamin K to augment anticoagulation control. Pharmacotherapy 25(12):1746–1751PubMedCrossRef Reese AM, Farnett LE, Lyons RM et al (2005) Low-dose vitamin K to augment anticoagulation control. Pharmacotherapy 25(12):1746–1751PubMedCrossRef
50.
go back to reference Hartig C, Lang M, Weibert R (2007) Low-dose daily vitamin K supplement in patients anticoagulated with warfarin. Abstract presented at the anticoagulation forum 9th National Conference in Chicago, Illinois Hartig C, Lang M, Weibert R (2007) Low-dose daily vitamin K supplement in patients anticoagulated with warfarin. Abstract presented at the anticoagulation forum 9th National Conference in Chicago, Illinois
51.
go back to reference Ford SK, Misita CP, Shilliday BB et al (2007) Prospective study of supplemental vitamin K therapy in patients on oral anticoagulants with unstable international normalized ratios. J Thromb Thrombolysis 24(1):23–27, Epub 2007 Feb 24PubMedCrossRef Ford SK, Misita CP, Shilliday BB et al (2007) Prospective study of supplemental vitamin K therapy in patients on oral anticoagulants with unstable international normalized ratios. J Thromb Thrombolysis 24(1):23–27, Epub 2007 Feb 24PubMedCrossRef
52.
go back to reference Ford S, Moll S (2007) Supplemental vitamin K in patients on warfarin with unstable INRs. J Thromb Thrombolysis 24(1):23–27PubMedCrossRef Ford S, Moll S (2007) Supplemental vitamin K in patients on warfarin with unstable INRs. J Thromb Thrombolysis 24(1):23–27PubMedCrossRef
53.
go back to reference Lim W, Crowther MA, Eikelboom JW (2006) Management of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: a systematic review. JAMA 295(9):1050–1057PubMedCrossRef Lim W, Crowther MA, Eikelboom JW (2006) Management of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: a systematic review. JAMA 295(9):1050–1057PubMedCrossRef
54.
go back to reference Ortel TL (2006) The antiphospholipid syndrome: what are we really measuring? How do we measure it? And how do we treat it? J Thromb Thrombolysis 21(1):79–83PubMedCrossRef Ortel TL (2006) The antiphospholipid syndrome: what are we really measuring? How do we measure it? And how do we treat it? J Thromb Thrombolysis 21(1):79–83PubMedCrossRef
55.
go back to reference Crowther MA, Wisloff F (2005) Evidence based treatment of the antiphospholipid syndrome II. Optimal anticoagulant therapy for thrombosis. Thromb Res 115(1–2):3–8PubMed Crowther MA, Wisloff F (2005) Evidence based treatment of the antiphospholipid syndrome II. Optimal anticoagulant therapy for thrombosis. Thromb Res 115(1–2):3–8PubMed
56.
go back to reference Erkan D, Lockshin MD (2004) How much warfarin is enough in APS related thrombosis? Thromb Res 114(5–6):435–442PubMedCrossRef Erkan D, Lockshin MD (2004) How much warfarin is enough in APS related thrombosis? Thromb Res 114(5–6):435–442PubMedCrossRef
57.
58.
go back to reference Sucker C, Wenzel F, Zotz RB et al (2006) Monitoring oral anticoagulation may require determination of single coagulation factor activities in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. J Rheumatol 33(9):1881–1882PubMed Sucker C, Wenzel F, Zotz RB et al (2006) Monitoring oral anticoagulation may require determination of single coagulation factor activities in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. J Rheumatol 33(9):1881–1882PubMed
59.
go back to reference Moll S, Oertel TL (1997) Monitoring warfarin therapy in patients with lupus anticoagulants. Ann Intern Med 127(3):177–185PubMed Moll S, Oertel TL (1997) Monitoring warfarin therapy in patients with lupus anticoagulants. Ann Intern Med 127(3):177–185PubMed
60.
go back to reference Wittkowsky AK, Downing J, Blackburn J et al (2006) Warfarin-related outcomes in patients with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome managed in an anticoagulation clinic. Thromb Haemost 96(2):137–141PubMed Wittkowsky AK, Downing J, Blackburn J et al (2006) Warfarin-related outcomes in patients with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome managed in an anticoagulation clinic. Thromb Haemost 96(2):137–141PubMed
61.
go back to reference Sconce E, Avery P, Wynne H et al (2007) Vitamin K supplementation can improve stability of anticoagulation for patients with unexplained variability in response to warfarin. Blood 109(6):2419–2433PubMedCrossRef Sconce E, Avery P, Wynne H et al (2007) Vitamin K supplementation can improve stability of anticoagulation for patients with unexplained variability in response to warfarin. Blood 109(6):2419–2433PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Case studies in anticoagulation management
Author
Wendy A. Leong
Publication date
01-02-2008
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis / Issue 1/2008
Print ISSN: 0929-5305
Electronic ISSN: 1573-742X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-007-0109-6

Other articles of this Issue 1/2008

Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis 1/2008 Go to the issue
Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin
Prof. Florian Limbourg
Prof. Anoop Chauhan
Developed by: Springer Medicine
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discusses last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.