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BMC Oral Health
Published in: BMC Oral Health 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Caries | Research

Evaluation of the effectiveness of prophylactic sealing of pits and fissures of permanent teeth with fissure sealants - umbrella review

Authors: Katarzyna Wnuk, Jakub Świtalski, Wojciech Miazga, Tomasz Tatara, Urszula Religioni, Mariusz Gujski

Published in: BMC Oral Health | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

Tooth decay is an infectious disease which, in its initial phase, leads to the formation of cavities in the teeth through decalcification of the enamel and local tissue destruction. In addition to proper oral hygiene, prophylactic sealing of fissures and cavities with a sealant is a method of preventing the development of caries. The aim of this study is to summarise the effectiveness of fissure sealing of permanent teeth with fissure sealants compared to other preventive methods or no intervention.

Method

An umbrella review was carried out to achieve the purpose of our study. Searches were performed in Medline (via PubMed), Embase (via OVID), and Cochrane Library databases. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the AMSTAR2 tool. In addition, a manual search for recommendations/clinical practice guidelines on dental prophylaxis was performed.

Results

204 publications were identified, of which 15 met the inclusion criteria. Based on the results of 3 systematic reviews, there was a statistically significant reduced odds of caries occurrence or development with prophylactic sealing of permanent teeth compared with no intervention – depending on the review and follow-up period odds ratio (OR) ranged from 0.06 [95%CI: (0.01–0.32)] to 0.28 [95%CI: (0.20–0.38)]. In the eight systematic reviews that analysed different sealants, there were no statistically significant differences between the types of materials used for prophylactic tooth sealing. For systematic reviews comparing the efficacy of fissure sealants with fluoride varnish, three reported no statistically significant difference in the efficacy of caries incidence, with only one systematic review based on 1 RCT finding a statistically significant difference in favour of fissure sealants.

Conclusion

Compared to the no intervention, dental sealing is an effective method for the prevention of dental caries. However, it is not possible to conclude conclusively which type of sealant and which of the available prophylactic methods is more effective in preventing caries.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Evaluation of the effectiveness of prophylactic sealing of pits and fissures of permanent teeth with fissure sealants - umbrella review
Authors
Katarzyna Wnuk
Jakub Świtalski
Wojciech Miazga
Tomasz Tatara
Urszula Religioni
Mariusz Gujski
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Oral Health / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6831
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-03499-6

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