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01-12-2021 | Care | Research

Social connection and physical health outcomes among long-term care home residents: a scoping review

Authors: Kaitlyn Lem, Katherine S. McGilton, Katelynn Aelick, Andrea Iaboni, Jessica Babineau, Debbie Hewitt Colborne, Cathleen Edwards, Monica Bretzlaff, Dee Lender, Josie-Lee Gibson, Jennifer Bethell

Published in: BMC Geriatrics | Issue 1/2021

Abstract

Background

Social connection is recognized as an important determinant of health and well-being. The negative health impacts of poor social connection have been reported in research in older adults, however, less is known about the health impacts for those living in long-term care (LTC) homes. This review seeks to identify and summarize existing research to address the question: what is known from the literature about the association between social connection and physical health outcomes for people living in LTC homes?

Methods

A scoping review guided by the Arksey & O’Malley framework was conducted. Articles were included if they examined the association between social connection and a physical health outcome in a population of LTC residents.

Results

Thirty-four studies were included in this review. The most commonly studied aspects of social connection were social engagement (n = 14; 41%) and social support (n = 10; 29%). A range of physical health outcomes were assessed, including mortality, self-rated health, sleep, fatigue, nutrition, hydration, stress, frailty and others. Findings generally support the positive impact of social connection for physical health among LTC residents. However, most of the studies were cross-sectional (n = 21; 62%) and, of the eleven cohort studies, most (n = 8; 73%) assessed mortality as the outcome. 47% (n = 16) were published from 2015 onwards.

Conclusions

Research has reported positive associations between social connection and a range of physical health outcomes among LTC residents. These findings suggest an important role for social connection in promoting physical health. However, further research is needed to consider the influence of different aspects of social connection over time and in different populations within LTC homes as well as the mechanisms underlying the relationship with health.

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Title: Social connection and physical health outcomes among long-term care home residents: a scoping review
Authors: Kaitlyn Lem
Katherine S. McGilton
Katelynn Aelick
Andrea Iaboni
Jessica Babineau
Debbie Hewitt Colborne
Cathleen Edwards
Monica Bretzlaff
Dee Lender
Josie-Lee Gibson
Jennifer Bethell
Publication date: 01-12-2021
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keyword: Care
Published in: BMC Geriatrics / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2318
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-021-02638-4

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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