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01-09-2021 | Cardiomyopathy

Non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and cardiac fibrosis

Authors: Bianca Olivia Cojan-Minzat, Alexandru Zlibut, Lucia Agoston-Coldea

Published in: Heart Failure Reviews | Issue 5/2021

Abstract

Cardiac fibrosis is associated with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, increasing its morbidity and mortality. Cardiac fibroblast is the keystone of fibrogenesis, being activated by numerous cellular and humoral factors. Macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, mast cells, and endothelial cells stimulate fibrogenesis directly by activating cardiac fibroblasts and indirectly by synthetizing various profibrotic molecules. The synthesis of type 1 and type 3 collagen, fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin is rendered by various mechanisms like transforming growth factor-beta/small mothers against decapentaplegic pathway, renin angiotensin system, and estrogens, which in turn alter the extracellular matrix. Investigating the underlying mechanisms will allow the development of diagnostic and prognostic tools and discover novel specific therapies. Serum biomarkers aid in the diagnosis and tracking of cardiac fibrosis progression. The diagnostic gold standard is cardiac magnetic resonance with gadolinium administration that allows quantification of cardiac fibrosis either by late gadolinium enhancement assessment or by T1 mapping. Therefore, the goal is to stop and even reverse cardiac fibrosis by developing specific therapies that directly target fibrogenesis, in addition to the drugs used to treat heart failure. Cardiac resynchronization therapy had shown to revert myocardial remodeling and to reduce cardiac fibrosis. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of currently available data.

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Title: Non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and cardiac fibrosis
Authors: Bianca Olivia Cojan-Minzat
Alexandru Zlibut
Lucia Agoston-Coldea
Publication date: 01-09-2021
Publisher: Springer US
Keywords: Cardiomyopathy
Heart Failure
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Published in: Heart Failure Reviews / Issue 5/2021
Print ISSN: 1382-4147
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7322
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-020-09940-0

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Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

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New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

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Other articles of this Issue 5/2021

Research progress of biomarkers in early detection of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity

Right ventricular involvement in cancer therapy–related cardiotoxicity: the emerging role of strain echocardiography

Emerging microRNA biomarkers for acute kidney injury in acute decompensated heart failure

Diagnostic and prognostic value of serum C-reactive protein in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Emerging concepts in arrhythmogenic dilated cardiomyopathy

Extracellular matrix–based biomaterials for cardiac regeneration and repair

ACC 2024 Congress Coverage

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Semaglutide benefits people with type 2 diabetes and obesity-related heart failure

Incentivised to exercise

New intervention for STEMI-related cardiogenic shock

» View more highlights on the ACC 2024 congress hub page