C-peptide is a bioactive peptide

Excerpt

During the past decade, reports from several laboratories have focused on the physiological effects of C-peptide. Experimental data and clinical studies suggest that that C-peptide is a biologically active peptide. Clinical studies show that C-peptide administration in type 1 diabetes patients, who lack the peptide, results in amelioration of diabetes-induced renal and nerve dysfunction. Molecular studies demonstrate binding to cell membranes, activation of intracellular signalling pathways, and specific end effects of importance for vascular endothelial function. These findings have prompted the hypothesis that C-peptide deficiency in type 1 diabetes may contribute to the development of microvascular complications, and that C-peptide replacement, together with regular insulin therapy, may be beneficial in the treatment or prevention of these complications. In the present article we argue the case in favour of C-peptide as a biologically active peptide based on in vivo data and in vitro findings, as summarised in Table 1. …