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Published in:

01-02-2018

Brain-specific HIV Nef identified in multiple patients with neurological disease

Authors: Susanna L. Lamers, Gary B. Fogel, Enoch S. Liu, Andrew E. Barbier, Christopher W. Rodriguez, Elyse J. Singer, David J. Nolan, Rebecca Rose, Michael S. McGrath

Published in: Journal of NeuroVirology | Issue 1/2018

Abstract

HIV-1 Nef is a flexible, multifunctional protein with several cellular targets that is required for pathogenicity of the virus. This protein maintains a high degree of genetic variation among intra- and inter-host isolates. HIV Nef is relevant to HIV-associated neurological diseases (HAND) in patients treated with combined antiretroviral therapy because of the protein’s role in promoting survival and migration of infected brain macrophages. In this study, we analyzed 2020 HIV Nef sequences derived from 22 different tissues and 31 subjects using a novel computational approach. This approach combines statistical regression and evolved neural networks (ENNs) to classify brain sequences based on the physical and chemical characteristics of functional Nef domains. Based on training, testing, and validation data, the method successfully classified brain Nef sequences at 84.5% and provided informative features for further examination. These included physicochemical features associated with the Src-homology-3 binding domain, the Nef loop (including the AP-2 Binding region), and a cytokine-binding domain. Non-brain sequences from patients with HIV-associated neurological disease were frequently classified as brain, suggesting that the approach could indicate neurological risk using blood-derived virus or for the development of biomarkers for use in assay systems aimed at drug efficacy studies for the treatment of HIV-associated neurological diseases.

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Title: Brain-specific HIV Nef identified in multiple patients with neurological disease
Authors: Susanna L. Lamers
Gary B. Fogel
Enoch S. Liu
Andrew E. Barbier
Christopher W. Rodriguez
Elyse J. Singer
David J. Nolan
Rebecca Rose
Michael S. McGrath
Publication date: 01-02-2018
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Published in: Journal of NeuroVirology / Issue 1/2018
Print ISSN: 1355-0284
Electronic ISSN: 1538-2443
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-017-0586-0

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Brain-specific HIV Nef identified in multiple patients with neurological disease

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Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

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Other articles of this Issue 1/2018

Variability in C-reactive protein is associated with cognitive impairment in women living with and without HIV: a longitudinal study

HIV-associated opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome: early infection, immune reconstitution syndrome or secondary to other diseases? Case report and literature review

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome as a presenting feature of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the absence of immunosuppression

Zika virus induces astrocyte differentiation in neural stem cells

Symptomatic cerebrospinal fluid HIV-1 escape with no resistance-associated mutations following low-level plasma viremia