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Published in: Lung 2/2024

22-02-2024 | Biomarkers | CORRESPONDENCE

Association Between Time to First Cigarette Use and Urine Biomarkers of Tobacco Exposure in Adult Smokers

Author: Wenxue Lin

Published in: Lung | Issue 2/2024

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Excerpt

The Fagerstrom Test for Cigarette Dependence (FTCD) has been used in a few studies investigating nicotine dependence and smoking cessation [1‐4]. One of the key items in the FTCD is “How soon after waking up do you smoke your first cigarette?” also known as “Time to first cigarette (TTFC)“ [1, 5]. A prior study found that individuals with a shorter TTFC showed higher levels of the metabolite 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), a metabolite of nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK) [6]. …
Literature
1.
Heatherton TF, Kozlowski LT, Frecker RC, Fagerstrom K (1991) The Fagerström test for nicotine dependence: a revision of the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire. Br J Addict 86:1119–1127CrossRefPubMed
2.
Heatherton TF, Kozlowski LT, Frecker RC et al (1989) Measuring the heaviness of smoking: using self-reported time to the first cigarette of the day and number of cigarettes smoked per day. Br J Addict 84:791–800CrossRefPubMed
3.
Kozlowski LT, Porter CQ, Orleans CT et al (1994) Predicting smoking cessation with self-reported measures of nicotine dependence: FTQ, FTND, and HSI. Drug Alcohol Depend 34:211–216CrossRefPubMed
4.
Muscat JE, Stellman SD, Caraballo RS, Richie JP Jr (2009) Time to first cigarette after waking predicts cotinine levels. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 18:3415–3420CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
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Fagerström K-O (1978) Measuring degree of physical dependence to tobacco smoking with reference to individualization of treatment. Addict Behav 3:235–241CrossRefPubMed
6.
Branstetter SA, Nye RT, Muscat JE (2019) Time to first cigarette of the day and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) in adult regular and non-daily smokers:(NHANES) 2007–10. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 108:104454CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
7.
Lin W, Zhu J, Hayes JE et al (2022) Comparison of carcinogen biomarkers in smokers of Menthol and Nonmenthol cigarettes: the 2015–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Special Sample. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 31:1539–1545CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
8.
Lin W (2023) Comparison of urine heavy metals in exclusive menthol and non-menthol cigarette users by race/ethnicity: the 2015–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Special Sample. Tob Prev Cessat 9
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10.
Lin W, Krebs NM, Zhu J et al (2020) Comparison between gradual reduced nicotine content and usual nicotine content groups on subjective cigarette ratings in a randomized double-blind trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health 17:7047CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metadata
Title
Association Between Time to First Cigarette Use and Urine Biomarkers of Tobacco Exposure in Adult Smokers
Author
Wenxue Lin
Publication date
22-02-2024
Publisher
Springer US
Keyword
Biomarkers
Published in
Lung / Issue 2/2024
Print ISSN: 0341-2040
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1750
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-024-00684-4

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