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01-12-2019 | Autism Spectrum Disorder | Diagnostic Neuroradiology

White matter alterations in adult with autism spectrum disorder evaluated using diffusion kurtosis imaging

Authors: Aki Hattori, Koji Kamagata, Eiji Kirino, Christina Andica, Shoji Tanaka, Akifumi Hagiwara, Shohei Fujita, Tomoko Maekawa, Ryusuke Irie, Kanako K. Kumamaru, Michimasa Suzuki, Akihiko Wada, Masaaki Hori, Shigeki Aoki

Published in: Neuroradiology | Issue 12/2019

Abstract

Purpose

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is related to impairment in various white matter (WM) pathways. Utility of the recently developed two-compartment model of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) to analyse axial diffusivity of WM is restricted by several limitations. The present study aims to validate the utility of model-free DKI in the evaluation of WM alterations in ASD and analyse the potential relationship between DKI-evident WM alterations and personality scales.

Methods

Overall, 15 participants with ASD and 15 neurotypical (NT) controls were scanned on a 3 T magnetic resonance (MR) scanner, and scores for autism quotient (AQ), systemising quotient (SQ) and empathising quotient (EQ) were obtained for both groups. Multishell diffusion-weighted MR data were acquired using two b-values (1000 and 2000 s/mm²). Differences in mean kurtosis (MK), radial kurtosis (RK) and axial kurtosis (AK) between the groups were evaluated using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). Finally, the relationships between the kurtosis indices and personality quotients were examined.

Results

The ASD group demonstrated significantly lower AK in the body and splenium of corpus callosum than the NT group; however, no other significant differences were identified. Negative correlations were found between AK and AQ or SQ, predominantly in WM areas related to social–emotional processing such as uncinate fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculi.

Conclusions

Model-free DKI and its indices may represent a novel, objective method for detecting the disease severity and WM alterations in patients with ASD.

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Title: White matter alterations in adult with autism spectrum disorder evaluated using diffusion kurtosis imaging
Authors: Aki Hattori
Koji Kamagata
Eiji Kirino
Christina Andica
Shoji Tanaka
Akifumi Hagiwara
Shohei Fujita
Tomoko Maekawa
Ryusuke Irie
Kanako K. Kumamaru
Michimasa Suzuki
Akihiko Wada
Masaaki Hori
Shigeki Aoki
Publication date: 01-12-2019
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Keyword: Autism Spectrum Disorder
Published in: Neuroradiology / Issue 12/2019
Print ISSN: 0028-3940
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1920
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-019-02238-5

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

White matter alterations in adult with autism spectrum disorder evaluated using diffusion kurtosis imaging

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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