Skip to main content
Top
Published in: European Journal of Medical Research 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Atrial Fibrillation | Research

Association between serum cholinesterase and the prevalence of atrial fibrillation in Chinese hypertensive population: a cross-sectional study

Authors: Wenjing Xue, Yi Wei, Yuanhui Hu

Published in: European Journal of Medical Research | Issue 1/2023

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a very common arrhythmia with significant incidence rate and mortality. Several studies have shown a notable correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and AF. It has been observed that serum cholinesterase (SChE) levels are elevated in individuals with fatty liver. However, the relationship between the SChE index and AF is still unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the association between the SChE index and the prevalence of AF in patients with hypertension.

Method

We collected cross-sectional data from January 2018 to April 2021 based on a retrospective study of cardiovascular disease. A total of 748 patients with hypertension were included, of whom 165 had AF. We used logistic regression models to test the relationship between SChE and the prevalence of AF in hypertensive patients.

Result

In hypertensive patients, the SChE index was significantly associated with AF (OR = 0.723, P < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, this correlation was still significant (OR = 0.778, P < 0.001). The stability of the model was verified by adjusting the variable type of SChE. The data were further stratified according to whether the patient had fatty liver. In the stratified data, the correlation between SChE and atrial fibrillation was still significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Our study showed that SChE was significantly negatively correlated with the occurrence of AF in patients with hypertension. And this correlation was not affected by whether the patient had fatty liver.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Chugh SS, Havmoeller R, Narayanan K, Singh D, Rienstra M, Benjamin EJ, et al. Worldwide epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: a global burden of disease 2010 study. Circulation. 2014;129(8):837–47.PubMedCrossRef Chugh SS, Havmoeller R, Narayanan K, Singh D, Rienstra M, Benjamin EJ, et al. Worldwide epidemiology of atrial fibrillation: a global burden of disease 2010 study. Circulation. 2014;129(8):837–47.PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Lau DH, Linz D, Sanders P. New findings in atrial fibrillation mechanisms. Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2019;11(4):563–71.PubMedCrossRef Lau DH, Linz D, Sanders P. New findings in atrial fibrillation mechanisms. Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2019;11(4):563–71.PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Staerk L, Sherer JA, Ko D, Benjamin EJ, Helm RH. Atrial fibrillation: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical outcomes. Circ Res. 2017;120(9):1501–17.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Staerk L, Sherer JA, Ko D, Benjamin EJ, Helm RH. Atrial fibrillation: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical outcomes. Circ Res. 2017;120(9):1501–17.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
4.
go back to reference Antikainen RL, Peters R, Beckett NS, Rajkumar C, Bulpitt CJ. Atrial fibrillation and the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in the hypertension in the very elderly trial. J Hypertens. 2020;38(5):839–44.PubMedCrossRef Antikainen RL, Peters R, Beckett NS, Rajkumar C, Bulpitt CJ. Atrial fibrillation and the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in the hypertension in the very elderly trial. J Hypertens. 2020;38(5):839–44.PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Camm AJ, Corbucci G, Padeletti L. Usefulness of continuous electrocardiographic monitoring for atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2012;110(2):270–6.PubMedCrossRef Camm AJ, Corbucci G, Padeletti L. Usefulness of continuous electrocardiographic monitoring for atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2012;110(2):270–6.PubMedCrossRef
6.
go back to reference Healey JS, Connolly SJ, Gold MR, Israel CW, Van Gelder IC, Capucci A, et al. Subclinical atrial fibrillation and the risk of stroke. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(2):120–9.PubMedCrossRef Healey JS, Connolly SJ, Gold MR, Israel CW, Van Gelder IC, Capucci A, et al. Subclinical atrial fibrillation and the risk of stroke. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(2):120–9.PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Wijesurendra RS, Casadei B. Mechanisms of atrial fibrillation. Heart Br Card Soc. 2019;105(24):1860–7. Wijesurendra RS, Casadei B. Mechanisms of atrial fibrillation. Heart Br Card Soc. 2019;105(24):1860–7.
8.
go back to reference Sagris M, Antonopoulos AS, Theofilis P, Oikonomou E, Siasos G, Tsalamandris S, et al. Risk factors profile of young and older patients with myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res. 2022;118(10):2281–92.PubMedCrossRef Sagris M, Antonopoulos AS, Theofilis P, Oikonomou E, Siasos G, Tsalamandris S, et al. Risk factors profile of young and older patients with myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res. 2022;118(10):2281–92.PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Diavati S, Sagris M, Terentes-Printzios D, Vlachopoulos C. Anticoagulation treatment in venous thromboembolism: options and optimal duration. Curr Pharm Des. 2022;28(4):296–305.PubMedCrossRef Diavati S, Sagris M, Terentes-Printzios D, Vlachopoulos C. Anticoagulation treatment in venous thromboembolism: options and optimal duration. Curr Pharm Des. 2022;28(4):296–305.PubMedCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Kallistratos MS, Poulimenos LE, Manolis AJ. Atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension. Pharmacol Res. 2018;128:322–6.PubMedCrossRef Kallistratos MS, Poulimenos LE, Manolis AJ. Atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension. Pharmacol Res. 2018;128:322–6.PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Lip GYH, Coca A, Kahan T, Boriani G, Manolis AS, Olsen MH, et al. Hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias: a consensus document from the European heart rhythm association (EHRA) and ESC council on hypertension, endorsed by the heart rhythm society (HRS), Asia-Pacific heart rhythm society (APHRS) and sociedad latinoamericana de estimulación cardíaca y electrofisiología (SOLEACE). Eur Eur Pacing Arrhythm Card Electrophysiol J Work Groups Card Pacing Arrhythm Card Cell Electrophysiol Eur Soc Cardiol. 2017;19(6):891–911. Lip GYH, Coca A, Kahan T, Boriani G, Manolis AS, Olsen MH, et al. Hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias: a consensus document from the European heart rhythm association (EHRA) and ESC council on hypertension, endorsed by the heart rhythm society (HRS), Asia-Pacific heart rhythm society (APHRS) and sociedad latinoamericana de estimulación cardíaca y electrofisiología (SOLEACE). Eur Eur Pacing Arrhythm Card Electrophysiol J Work Groups Card Pacing Arrhythm Card Cell Electrophysiol Eur Soc Cardiol. 2017;19(6):891–911.
12.
go back to reference Huxley RR, Lopez FL, Folsom AR, Agarwal SK, Loehr LR, Soliman EZ, et al. Absolute and attributable risks of atrial fibrillation in relation to optimal and borderline risk factors: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Circulation. 2011;123(14):1501–8.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Huxley RR, Lopez FL, Folsom AR, Agarwal SK, Loehr LR, Soliman EZ, et al. Absolute and attributable risks of atrial fibrillation in relation to optimal and borderline risk factors: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Circulation. 2011;123(14):1501–8.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Emdin CA, Anderson SG, Salimi-Khorshidi G, Woodward M, MacMahon S, Dwyer T, et al. Usual blood pressure, atrial fibrillation and vascular risk: evidence from 4.3 million adults. Int J Epidemiol. 2017;46(1):162–72.PubMed Emdin CA, Anderson SG, Salimi-Khorshidi G, Woodward M, MacMahon S, Dwyer T, et al. Usual blood pressure, atrial fibrillation and vascular risk: evidence from 4.3 million adults. Int J Epidemiol. 2017;46(1):162–72.PubMed
14.
go back to reference Dzeshka MS, Shahid F, Shantsila A, Lip GYH. Hypertension and atrial fibrillation: an intimate association of epidemiology, pathophysiology, and outcomes. Am J Hypertens. 2017;30(8):733–55.PubMedCrossRef Dzeshka MS, Shahid F, Shantsila A, Lip GYH. Hypertension and atrial fibrillation: an intimate association of epidemiology, pathophysiology, and outcomes. Am J Hypertens. 2017;30(8):733–55.PubMedCrossRef
15.
16.
go back to reference Anstee QM, Mantovani A, Tilg H, Targher G. Risk of cardiomyopathy and cardiac arrhythmias in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;15(7):425–39.PubMedCrossRef Anstee QM, Mantovani A, Tilg H, Targher G. Risk of cardiomyopathy and cardiac arrhythmias in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018;15(7):425–39.PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Ismaiel A, Colosi HA, Rusu F, Dumitrașcu DL. Cardiac arrhythmias and electrocardiogram modifications in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A systematic review. J Gastrointest Liver Dis JGLD. 2019;28(4):483–93.CrossRef Ismaiel A, Colosi HA, Rusu F, Dumitrașcu DL. Cardiac arrhythmias and electrocardiogram modifications in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A systematic review. J Gastrointest Liver Dis JGLD. 2019;28(4):483–93.CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Mantovani A, Dauriz M, Sandri D, Bonapace S, Zoppini G, Tilg H, et al. Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of atrial fibrillation in adult individuals: an updated meta-analysis. Liver Int Off J Int Assoc Study Liver. 2019;39(4):758–69. Mantovani A, Dauriz M, Sandri D, Bonapace S, Zoppini G, Tilg H, et al. Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of atrial fibrillation in adult individuals: an updated meta-analysis. Liver Int Off J Int Assoc Study Liver. 2019;39(4):758–69.
19.
go back to reference Wijarnpreecha K, Boonpheng B, Thongprayoon C, Jaruvongvanich V, Ungprasert P. The association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and atrial fibrillation: A meta-analysis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2017;41(5):525–32.PubMedCrossRef Wijarnpreecha K, Boonpheng B, Thongprayoon C, Jaruvongvanich V, Ungprasert P. The association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and atrial fibrillation: A meta-analysis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2017;41(5):525–32.PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Wang GM, Li LJ, Tang WL, Wright JM. Renin inhibitors versus angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors for primary hypertension. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;10(10):CD012569.PubMed Wang GM, Li LJ, Tang WL, Wright JM. Renin inhibitors versus angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors for primary hypertension. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;10(10):CD012569.PubMed
21.
go back to reference Li X, Yang S, Wang Y, Yang B, Zhang J. Effects of a transtheoretical model—based intervention and motivational interviewing on the management of depression in hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):420.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Li X, Yang S, Wang Y, Yang B, Zhang J. Effects of a transtheoretical model—based intervention and motivational interviewing on the management of depression in hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):420.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Tisdale JE, Chung MK, Campbell KB, Hammadah M, Joglar JA, Leclerc J, et al. Drug-induced arrhythmias: a scientific statement from the American heart association. Circulation. 2020;142(15):e214–33.PubMedCrossRef Tisdale JE, Chung MK, Campbell KB, Hammadah M, Joglar JA, Leclerc J, et al. Drug-induced arrhythmias: a scientific statement from the American heart association. Circulation. 2020;142(15):e214–33.PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: standards of medical care in diabetes 2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(1):S17-38.CrossRef American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: standards of medical care in diabetes 2022. Diabetes Care. 2022;45(1):S17-38.CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Dembowski E, Freedman I, Grundy SM, Stone NJ. Guidelines for the management of hyperlipidemia: how can clinicians effectively implement them? Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2022;75:4–11.PubMedCrossRef Dembowski E, Freedman I, Grundy SM, Stone NJ. Guidelines for the management of hyperlipidemia: how can clinicians effectively implement them? Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2022;75:4–11.PubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Kirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D, Ahlsson A, Atar D, Casadei B, et al. 2016 ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(38):2893–962.PubMedCrossRef Kirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D, Ahlsson A, Atar D, Casadei B, et al. 2016 ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(38):2893–962.PubMedCrossRef
26.
go back to reference Hilkens NA, Algra A, Greving JP. Predicting major bleeding in ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation. Stroke. 2017;48(11):3142–4.PubMedCrossRef Hilkens NA, Algra A, Greving JP. Predicting major bleeding in ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation. Stroke. 2017;48(11):3142–4.PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Li X, Zhan F, Peng T, Xia Z, Li J. Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with atrial fibrillation. Eur J Med Res. 2023;28(1):355.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Li X, Zhan F, Peng T, Xia Z, Li J. Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with atrial fibrillation. Eur J Med Res. 2023;28(1):355.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Paul S, Davis AM. Diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. JAMA. 2018;320(23):2474–5.PubMedCrossRef Paul S, Davis AM. Diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. JAMA. 2018;320(23):2474–5.PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Nobili V, Alisi A, Valenti L, Miele L, Feldstein AE, Alkhouri N. NAFLD in children: new genes, new diagnostic modalities and new drugs. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;16(9):517–30.PubMedCrossRef Nobili V, Alisi A, Valenti L, Miele L, Feldstein AE, Alkhouri N. NAFLD in children: new genes, new diagnostic modalities and new drugs. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;16(9):517–30.PubMedCrossRef
30.
go back to reference Browning JD, Szczepaniak LS, Dobbins R, Nuremberg P, Horton JD, Cohen JC, et al. Prevalence of hepatic steatosis in an urban population in the United States: impact of ethnicity. Hepatol Baltim Md. 2004;40(6):1387–95.CrossRef Browning JD, Szczepaniak LS, Dobbins R, Nuremberg P, Horton JD, Cohen JC, et al. Prevalence of hepatic steatosis in an urban population in the United States: impact of ethnicity. Hepatol Baltim Md. 2004;40(6):1387–95.CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Katoh S, Peltonen M, Wada T, Zeniya M, Sakamoto Y, Utsunomiya K, et al. Fatty liver and serum cholinesterase are independently correlated with HbA1c levels: cross-sectional analysis of 5384 people. J Int Med Res. 2014;42(2):542–53.PubMedCrossRef Katoh S, Peltonen M, Wada T, Zeniya M, Sakamoto Y, Utsunomiya K, et al. Fatty liver and serum cholinesterase are independently correlated with HbA1c levels: cross-sectional analysis of 5384 people. J Int Med Res. 2014;42(2):542–53.PubMedCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Montagnese C, Scalfi L, Signorini A, De Filippo E, Pasanisi F, Contaldo F. Cholinesterase and other serum liver enzymes in underweight outpatients with eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord. 2007;40(8):746–50.PubMedCrossRef Montagnese C, Scalfi L, Signorini A, De Filippo E, Pasanisi F, Contaldo F. Cholinesterase and other serum liver enzymes in underweight outpatients with eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord. 2007;40(8):746–50.PubMedCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Hubbard RE, O’Mahony MS, Calver BL, Woodhouse KW. Plasma esterases and inflammation in ageing and frailty. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2008;64(9):895–900.PubMedCrossRef Hubbard RE, O’Mahony MS, Calver BL, Woodhouse KW. Plasma esterases and inflammation in ageing and frailty. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2008;64(9):895–900.PubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference Seo M, Yamada T, Tamaki S, Morita T, Furukawa Y, Iwasaki Y, et al. Prognostic significance of serum cholinesterase in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: a prospective comparative study with other nutritional indices. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019;110(2):330–9.PubMedCrossRef Seo M, Yamada T, Tamaki S, Morita T, Furukawa Y, Iwasaki Y, et al. Prognostic significance of serum cholinesterase in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: a prospective comparative study with other nutritional indices. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019;110(2):330–9.PubMedCrossRef
35.
go back to reference Goliasch G, Haschemi A, Marculescu R, Endler G, Maurer G, Wagner O, et al. Butyrylcholinesterase activity predicts long-term survival in patients with coronary artery disease. Clin Chem. 2012;58(6):1055–8.PubMedCrossRef Goliasch G, Haschemi A, Marculescu R, Endler G, Maurer G, Wagner O, et al. Butyrylcholinesterase activity predicts long-term survival in patients with coronary artery disease. Clin Chem. 2012;58(6):1055–8.PubMedCrossRef
36.
go back to reference Alcântara VM, Chautard-Freire-Maia EA, Scartezini M, Cerci MSJ, Braun-Prado K, Picheth G. Butyrylcholinesterase activity and risk factors for coronary artery disease. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2002;62(5):399–404.PubMedCrossRef Alcântara VM, Chautard-Freire-Maia EA, Scartezini M, Cerci MSJ, Braun-Prado K, Picheth G. Butyrylcholinesterase activity and risk factors for coronary artery disease. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2002;62(5):399–404.PubMedCrossRef
37.
go back to reference Turecký L, Kupčová V, Urfinová M, Repiský M, Uhlíková E. Serum butyrylcholinesterase/HDL-cholesterol ratio and atherogenic index of plasma in patients with fatty liver disease. Vnitr Lek. 2021;67(E-2):4–8.PubMed Turecký L, Kupčová V, Urfinová M, Repiský M, Uhlíková E. Serum butyrylcholinesterase/HDL-cholesterol ratio and atherogenic index of plasma in patients with fatty liver disease. Vnitr Lek. 2021;67(E-2):4–8.PubMed
38.
go back to reference Milano GE, Leite N, Chaves TJ, Milano GE, de Souza RLR, Alle LF. Butyrylcholinesterase activity and cardiovascular risk factors in obese adolescents submitted to an exercise program. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. 2013;57(7):533–7.PubMedCrossRef Milano GE, Leite N, Chaves TJ, Milano GE, de Souza RLR, Alle LF. Butyrylcholinesterase activity and cardiovascular risk factors in obese adolescents submitted to an exercise program. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. 2013;57(7):533–7.PubMedCrossRef
39.
go back to reference Vallianou NG, Evangelopoulos AA, Bountziouka V, Bonou MS, Katsagoni C, Vogiatzakis ED, et al. Association of butyrylcholinesterase with cardiometabolic risk factors among apparently healthy adults. J Cardiovasc Med Hagerstown Md. 2014;15(5):377–83.CrossRef Vallianou NG, Evangelopoulos AA, Bountziouka V, Bonou MS, Katsagoni C, Vogiatzakis ED, et al. Association of butyrylcholinesterase with cardiometabolic risk factors among apparently healthy adults. J Cardiovasc Med Hagerstown Md. 2014;15(5):377–83.CrossRef
40.
go back to reference Sun L, Qi X, Tan Q, Yang H, Qi X. Low serum-butyrylcholinesterase activity as a prognostic marker of mortality associates with poor cardiac function in acute myocardial infarction. Clin Lab. 2016;62(6):1093–9.PubMed Sun L, Qi X, Tan Q, Yang H, Qi X. Low serum-butyrylcholinesterase activity as a prognostic marker of mortality associates with poor cardiac function in acute myocardial infarction. Clin Lab. 2016;62(6):1093–9.PubMed
41.
go back to reference Goliasch G, Kleber ME, Richter B, Plischke M, Hoke M, Haschemi A, et al. Routinely available biomarkers improve prediction of long-term mortality in stable coronary artery disease: the Vienna and Ludwigshafen coronary artery disease (VILCAD) risk score. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(18):2282–9.PubMedCrossRef Goliasch G, Kleber ME, Richter B, Plischke M, Hoke M, Haschemi A, et al. Routinely available biomarkers improve prediction of long-term mortality in stable coronary artery disease: the Vienna and Ludwigshafen coronary artery disease (VILCAD) risk score. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(18):2282–9.PubMedCrossRef
42.
go back to reference Ben Assayag E, Shenhar-Tsarfaty S, Ofek K, Soreq L, Bova I, Shopin L, et al. Serum cholinesterase activities distinguish between stroke patients and controls and predict 12-month mortality. Mol Med. 2010;16(7–8):278–86.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Ben Assayag E, Shenhar-Tsarfaty S, Ofek K, Soreq L, Bova I, Shopin L, et al. Serum cholinesterase activities distinguish between stroke patients and controls and predict 12-month mortality. Mol Med. 2010;16(7–8):278–86.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
43.
go back to reference Yasuda S, Fukata M, Yokoyama T, Arita T, Odashiro K, Maruyama T, et al. Sick sinus syndrome observed in a patient with cholinesterase deficiency. Intern Med. 2019;58(6):809–12.PubMedCrossRef Yasuda S, Fukata M, Yokoyama T, Arita T, Odashiro K, Maruyama T, et al. Sick sinus syndrome observed in a patient with cholinesterase deficiency. Intern Med. 2019;58(6):809–12.PubMedCrossRef
44.
go back to reference Manoharan I, Boopathy R, Darvesh S, Lockridge O. A medical health report on individuals with silent butyrylcholinesterase in the Vysya community of India. Clin Chim Acta Int J Clin Chem. 2007;378(1–2):128–35.CrossRef Manoharan I, Boopathy R, Darvesh S, Lockridge O. A medical health report on individuals with silent butyrylcholinesterase in the Vysya community of India. Clin Chim Acta Int J Clin Chem. 2007;378(1–2):128–35.CrossRef
45.
go back to reference Bodur E, Layer PG. Counter-regulation of cholinesterases: differential activation of PKC and ERK signaling in retinal cells through BChE knockdown. Biochimie. 2011;93(3):469–76.PubMedCrossRef Bodur E, Layer PG. Counter-regulation of cholinesterases: differential activation of PKC and ERK signaling in retinal cells through BChE knockdown. Biochimie. 2011;93(3):469–76.PubMedCrossRef
46.
go back to reference Zhou BG, Ju SY, Mei YZ, Jiang X, Wang M, Zheng AJ, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies on the potential association between NAFLD/MAFLD and risk of incident atrial fibrillation. Front Endocrinol. 2023;14:1160532.CrossRef Zhou BG, Ju SY, Mei YZ, Jiang X, Wang M, Zheng AJ, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies on the potential association between NAFLD/MAFLD and risk of incident atrial fibrillation. Front Endocrinol. 2023;14:1160532.CrossRef
47.
go back to reference Van Kleef LA, Lu Z, Ikram MA, De Groot NMS, Kavousi M, De Knegt RJ. Liver stiffness not fatty liver disease is associated with atrial fibrillation: the Rotterdam study. J Hepatol. 2022;77(4):931–8.PubMedCrossRef Van Kleef LA, Lu Z, Ikram MA, De Groot NMS, Kavousi M, De Knegt RJ. Liver stiffness not fatty liver disease is associated with atrial fibrillation: the Rotterdam study. J Hepatol. 2022;77(4):931–8.PubMedCrossRef
48.
go back to reference Zhang Z, Zhao L, Zhou X, Meng X, Zhou X. Role of inflammation, immunity, and oxidative stress in hypertension: new insights and potential therapeutic targets. Front Immunol. 2022;13:1098725.PubMedCrossRef Zhang Z, Zhao L, Zhou X, Meng X, Zhou X. Role of inflammation, immunity, and oxidative stress in hypertension: new insights and potential therapeutic targets. Front Immunol. 2022;13:1098725.PubMedCrossRef
49.
go back to reference Yang Y, Yang X, Yang J. Cholinesterase level is a predictor of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and complications after cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Palliat Med. 2021;10(11):11714–20.PubMedCrossRef Yang Y, Yang X, Yang J. Cholinesterase level is a predictor of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and complications after cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Palliat Med. 2021;10(11):11714–20.PubMedCrossRef
50.
go back to reference Lampón N, Hermida-Cadahia EF, Riveiro A, Tutor JC. Association between butyrylcholinesterase activity and low-grade systemic inflammation. Ann Hepatol. 2012;11(3):356–63.PubMedCrossRef Lampón N, Hermida-Cadahia EF, Riveiro A, Tutor JC. Association between butyrylcholinesterase activity and low-grade systemic inflammation. Ann Hepatol. 2012;11(3):356–63.PubMedCrossRef
51.
go back to reference Szegedi I, Szapáry L, Csécsei P, Csanádi Z, Csiba L. Potential biological markers of atrial fibrillation: a chance to prevent cryptogenic stroke. BioMed Res Int. 2017;2017:8153024.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Szegedi I, Szapáry L, Csécsei P, Csanádi Z, Csiba L. Potential biological markers of atrial fibrillation: a chance to prevent cryptogenic stroke. BioMed Res Int. 2017;2017:8153024.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
52.
go back to reference Bruun Pedersen K, Madsen C, Sandgaard NCF, Hey TM, Diederichsen ACP, Bak S, et al. Left atrial volume index and left ventricular global longitudinal strain predict new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with transient ischemic attack. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;35(7):1277–86.PubMedCrossRef Bruun Pedersen K, Madsen C, Sandgaard NCF, Hey TM, Diederichsen ACP, Bak S, et al. Left atrial volume index and left ventricular global longitudinal strain predict new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with transient ischemic attack. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2019;35(7):1277–86.PubMedCrossRef
53.
go back to reference Chen X, Luo W, Li J, Li M, Wang L, Rao Y, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of STAF, LADS, and iPAB scores for predicting paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Clin Cardiol. 2018;41(12):1507–12.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Chen X, Luo W, Li J, Li M, Wang L, Rao Y, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of STAF, LADS, and iPAB scores for predicting paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Clin Cardiol. 2018;41(12):1507–12.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
54.
go back to reference Antipova D, Eadie L, Macaden A, Wilson P. Diagnostic accuracy of clinical tools for assessment of acute stroke: a systematic review. BMC Emerg Med. 2019;4(19):49.CrossRef Antipova D, Eadie L, Macaden A, Wilson P. Diagnostic accuracy of clinical tools for assessment of acute stroke: a systematic review. BMC Emerg Med. 2019;4(19):49.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Association between serum cholinesterase and the prevalence of atrial fibrillation in Chinese hypertensive population: a cross-sectional study
Authors
Wenjing Xue
Yi Wei
Yuanhui Hu
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
European Journal of Medical Research / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 2047-783X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-023-01474-z

Other articles of this Issue 1/2023

European Journal of Medical Research 1/2023 Go to the issue