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01-03-2021 | Original Contribution

Association between yogurt consumption and plasma soluble CD14 in two prospective cohorts of US adults

Authors: Xiao Luo, Jing Sui, Brenda M. Birmann, Kerry L. Ivey, Fred K. Tabung, You Wu, Wanshui Yang, Kana Wu, Shuji Ogino, Hongbo Liu, Edward L. Giovannucci, Xuehong Zhang

Published in: European Journal of Nutrition | Issue 2/2021

Abstract

Purpose

Although evidence suggests an inverse association between yogurt consumption and the risk of disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and certain cancers, the mechanisms remain poorly understood. We aimed to examine the association between yogurt consumption and concentrations of plasma soluble CD14, a marker of gut barrier dysfunction.

Methods

We analyzed cross-sectional data from 632 women in the Nurses’ Health Study (1989–1990) and 444 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1993–1994) with soluble CD14 concentrations. We estimated yogurt consumption from food frequency questionnaires. We used multivariable-adjusted linear regression models to estimate the percentage difference (95% CI) of soluble CD14 concentrations by yogurt consumption.

Results

Among men, higher consumption was associated with a lower soluble CD14 concentration (at least 2 cups/week vs. non-consumers; unadjusted % difference: − 7.6%; 95% CI − 13.0%, − 2.1%; P_trend = 0.003). The inverse association was slightly attenuated following multivariable adjustment (% difference: − 5.8%; 95% CI − 11.0%, − 0.1%; P_trend = 0.01). For the same comparison, yogurt consumption was inverse, but not statistically significant associated with soluble CD14 concentration in women (% difference: − 1.2%; 95% CI − 5.6%, 3.5%; P_trend = 0.64). In stratified analyses, the inverse association between yogurt consumption and the concentrations of soluble CD14 was slightly stronger in men who consumed alcohol at least 20 g/day.

Conclusions

Higher yogurt consumption was associated with lower soluble CD14 concentrations, especially in men. Our findings suggest the strengthening of gut barrier function as a plausible mechanism for the observed inverse associations of yogurt consumption with gastrointestinal diseases and disorders involving other systems.

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Title: Association between yogurt consumption and plasma soluble CD14 in two prospective cohorts of US adults
Authors: Xiao Luo
Jing Sui
Brenda M. Birmann
Kerry L. Ivey
Fred K. Tabung
You Wu
Wanshui Yang
Kana Wu
Shuji Ogino
Hongbo Liu
Edward L. Giovannucci
Xuehong Zhang
Publication date: 01-03-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: European Journal of Nutrition / Issue 2/2021
Print ISSN: 1436-6207
Electronic ISSN: 1436-6215
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02303-3

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