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Cardiovascular Diabetology
Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology 1/2023

Open Access 01-12-2023 | Arterial Occlusive Disease | Research

Inflammation and oxidative stress markers in type 2 diabetes patients with Advanced Carotid atherosclerosis

Authors: Louise Ménégaut, Aline Laubriet, Valentin Crespy, Damien Leleu, Thomas Pilot, Kevin Van Dongen, Jean-Paul Pais de Barros, Thomas Gautier, Jean-Michel Petit, Charles Thomas, Maxime Nguyen, Eric Steinmetz, David Masson

Published in: Cardiovascular Diabetology | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

Background

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major global health issue and a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis in T2DM patients has been associated with inflammation, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress. Identifying molecular features of atherosclerotic plaques in T2DM patients could provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of the disease.

Methods

The MASCADI (Arachidonic Acid Metabolism in Carotid Stenosis Plaque in Diabetic Patients) study aimed to investigate the increase of 2-arachidonoyl-lysophatidylcholine (2-AA-LPC) in carotid plaques from T2DM and control patients and to explore its association with plaque vulnerability as well as with blood and intra-plaque biomarkers altered during diabetes.

Results

In a population of elderly, polymedicated patients with advanced stage of atherosclerosis, we found that T2DM patients had higher systemic inflammation markers, such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and IL-1β, higher levels of oxysterols, increased triglyceride levels, and decreased HDL levels as compared to control patients. Furthermore, 2-AA-LPC was significantly enriched in plaques from diabetic patients, suggesting its potential role in diabetic atherosclerosis. Interestingly, 2-AA-LPC was not associated with systemic markers related to diabetes, such as hsCRP, triglycerides, or HDL cholesterol. However, it was significantly correlated with the levels of inflammatory markers within the plaques such as lysophospholipids and 25-hydroxycholesterol, strengthening the link between local inflammation, arachidonic acid metabolism and diabetes.

Conclusion

Our study is in line with a key role for inflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetic atherosclerosis and highlights the involvement of 2-AA-LPC. Further research is needed to better understand the local processes involved in the alteration of plaque composition in T2DM and to identify potential therapeutic targets.

Trial registration

The MASCADI was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (clinical registration number: NCT03202823).
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Metadata
Title
Inflammation and oxidative stress markers in type 2 diabetes patients with Advanced Carotid atherosclerosis
Authors
Louise Ménégaut
Aline Laubriet
Valentin Crespy
Damien Leleu
Thomas Pilot
Kevin Van Dongen
Jean-Paul Pais de Barros
Thomas Gautier
Jean-Michel Petit
Charles Thomas
Maxime Nguyen
Eric Steinmetz
David Masson
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Cardiovascular Diabetology / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1475-2840
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-023-01979-1

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