Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Hepatology International 5/2016

Open Access 01-09-2016 | Guidelines

APASL consensus statements and recommendation on treatment of hepatitis C

Authors: Masao Omata, Tatsuo Kanda, Lai Wei, Ming-Lung Yu, Wang-Long Chuang, Alaaeldin Ibrahim, Cosmas Rinaldi Adithya Lesmana, Jose Sollano, Manoj Kumar, Ankur Jindal, Barjesh Chander Sharma, Saeed S. Hamid, A. Kadir Dokmeci, Mamun-Al-Mahtab, Geofferey W. McCaughan, Jafri Wasim, Darrell H. G. Crawford, Jia-Horng Kao, Osamu Yokosuka, George K. K. Lau, Shiv Kumar Sarin

Published in: Hepatology International | Issue 5/2016

Login to get access

Abstract

The Asian-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) convened an international working party on the “APASL consensus statements and recommendation on management of hepatitis C” in March, 2015, in order to revise “APASL consensus statements and management algorithms for hepatitis C virus infection (Hepatol Int 6:409–435, 2012)”. The working party consisted of expert hepatologists from the Asian-Pacific region gathered at Istanbul Congress Center, Istanbul, Turkey on 13 March 2015. New data were presented, discussed and debated to draft a revision. Participants of the consensus meeting assessed the quality of cited studies. Finalized recommendations on treatment of hepatitis C are presented in this review.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Omata M, Kanda T, Yu ML, Yokosuka O, Lim SG, Jafri W, Tateishi R, Hamid SS, Chuang WL, Chutaputti A, Wei L, Sollano J, Sarin SK, Kao JH, McCaughan GW. APASL consensus statements and management algorithms for hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatol Int 2012;6:409–435PubMedCrossRef Omata M, Kanda T, Yu ML, Yokosuka O, Lim SG, Jafri W, Tateishi R, Hamid SS, Chuang WL, Chutaputti A, Wei L, Sollano J, Sarin SK, Kao JH, McCaughan GW. APASL consensus statements and management algorithms for hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatol Int 2012;6:409–435PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Asian-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) Hepatitis C Working Party, McCaughan GW, Omata M, Amarapurkar D, Bowden S, Chow WC, Chutaputti A, Dore G, Gane E, Guan R, Hamid SS, Hardikar W, Hui CK, Jafri W, Jia JD, Lai MY, Wei L, Leung N, Piratvisuth T, Sarin S, Sollano J, Tateishi R. Asian-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver consensus statements on the diagnosis, management and treatment of hepatitis C virus infection. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007;22:615–633CrossRef Asian-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) Hepatitis C Working Party, McCaughan GW, Omata M, Amarapurkar D, Bowden S, Chow WC, Chutaputti A, Dore G, Gane E, Guan R, Hamid SS, Hardikar W, Hui CK, Jafri W, Jia JD, Lai MY, Wei L, Leung N, Piratvisuth T, Sarin S, Sollano J, Tateishi R. Asian-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver consensus statements on the diagnosis, management and treatment of hepatitis C virus infection. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007;22:615–633CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Zeuzem S, Hultcrantz R, Bourliere M, Goeser T, Marcellin P, Sanchez-Tapias J, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for treatment of chronic hepatitis C in previously untreated patients infected with HCV genotypes 2 or 3. J Hepatol 2004;40:993–999PubMedCrossRef Zeuzem S, Hultcrantz R, Bourliere M, Goeser T, Marcellin P, Sanchez-Tapias J, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for treatment of chronic hepatitis C in previously untreated patients infected with HCV genotypes 2 or 3. J Hepatol 2004;40:993–999PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Mangia A, Santoro R, Minerva N, Ricci GL, Carretta V, Persico M, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin for 12 vs. 24 weeks in HCV genotype 2 or 3. N Engl J Med 2005;352:2609–2617PubMedCrossRef Mangia A, Santoro R, Minerva N, Ricci GL, Carretta V, Persico M, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin for 12 vs. 24 weeks in HCV genotype 2 or 3. N Engl J Med 2005;352:2609–2617PubMedCrossRef
6.
go back to reference Shiffman ML, Suter F, Bacon BR, Nelson D, Harley H, Sola R, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin for 16 or 24 weeks in HCV genotype 2 or 3. N Engl J Med 2007;357:124–134PubMedCrossRef Shiffman ML, Suter F, Bacon BR, Nelson D, Harley H, Sola R, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin for 16 or 24 weeks in HCV genotype 2 or 3. N Engl J Med 2007;357:124–134PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Dalgard O, Bjoro K, Ring-Larsen H, Bjornsson E, Holberg-Petersen M, Skovlund E, et al. Pegylated interferon alfa and ribavirin for 14 versus 24 weeks in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 2 or 3 and rapid virological response. Hepatology 2008;47:35–42PubMedCrossRef Dalgard O, Bjoro K, Ring-Larsen H, Bjornsson E, Holberg-Petersen M, Skovlund E, et al. Pegylated interferon alfa and ribavirin for 14 versus 24 weeks in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 2 or 3 and rapid virological response. Hepatology 2008;47:35–42PubMedCrossRef
8.
go back to reference Lagging M, Langeland N, Pedersen C, Farkkila M, Buhl MR, Morch K, et al. Randomized comparison of 12 or 24 weeks of peginterferon alpha-2a and ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 2/3 infection. Hepatology 2008;47:1837–1845PubMedCrossRef Lagging M, Langeland N, Pedersen C, Farkkila M, Buhl MR, Morch K, et al. Randomized comparison of 12 or 24 weeks of peginterferon alpha-2a and ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 2/3 infection. Hepatology 2008;47:1837–1845PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Yu ML, Dai CY, Huang JF, Hou NJ, Lee LP, Hsieh MY, Chiu CF, et al. A randomised study of peginterferon and ribavirin for 16 versus 24 weeks in patients with genotype 2 chronic hepatitis C. Gut 2007;56:553–559PubMedCrossRef Yu ML, Dai CY, Huang JF, Hou NJ, Lee LP, Hsieh MY, Chiu CF, et al. A randomised study of peginterferon and ribavirin for 16 versus 24 weeks in patients with genotype 2 chronic hepatitis C. Gut 2007;56:553–559PubMedCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Jensen DM, Morgan TR, Marcellin P, Pockros PJ, Reddy KR, Hadziyannis SJ, et al. Early identification of HCV genotype 1 patients responding to 24 weeks peginterferon alpha-2a (40 kd)/ribavirin therapy. Hepatology 2006;43:954–960PubMedCrossRef Jensen DM, Morgan TR, Marcellin P, Pockros PJ, Reddy KR, Hadziyannis SJ, et al. Early identification of HCV genotype 1 patients responding to 24 weeks peginterferon alpha-2a (40 kd)/ribavirin therapy. Hepatology 2006;43:954–960PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Yu ML, Dai CY, Huang JF, Chiu CF, Yang YH, Hou NJ, Lee LP, et al. Rapid virological response and treatment duration for chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 patients: a randomized trial. Hepatology 2008;47:1884–1893PubMedCrossRef Yu ML, Dai CY, Huang JF, Chiu CF, Yang YH, Hou NJ, Lee LP, et al. Rapid virological response and treatment duration for chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 patients: a randomized trial. Hepatology 2008;47:1884–1893PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Zeuzem S, Buti M, Ferenci P, Sperl J, Horsmans Y, Cianciara J, et al. Efficacy of 24 weeks treatment with peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C infected with genotype 1 and low pretreatment viremia. J Hepatol 2006;44:97–103PubMedCrossRef Zeuzem S, Buti M, Ferenci P, Sperl J, Horsmans Y, Cianciara J, et al. Efficacy of 24 weeks treatment with peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C infected with genotype 1 and low pretreatment viremia. J Hepatol 2006;44:97–103PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Liu CH, Liu CJ, Lin CL, Liang CC, Hsu SJ, Yang SS, et al. Pegylated interferon-alpha-2a plus ribavirin for treatment-naïve Asian patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis 2008;47:1260–1269PubMedCrossRef Liu CH, Liu CJ, Lin CL, Liang CC, Hsu SJ, Yang SS, et al. Pegylated interferon-alpha-2a plus ribavirin for treatment-naïve Asian patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection: a multicenter, randomized controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis 2008;47:1260–1269PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Berg T, Weich V, Teuber G, Klinker H, Möller B, Rasenack J, et al. Individualized treatment strategy according to early viral kinetics in hepatitis C virus type 1-infected patients. Hepatology 2009;50:369–377PubMedCrossRef Berg T, Weich V, Teuber G, Klinker H, Möller B, Rasenack J, et al. Individualized treatment strategy according to early viral kinetics in hepatitis C virus type 1-infected patients. Hepatology 2009;50:369–377PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Pearlman BL, Ehleben C. Hepatitis C genotype 1 virus with low viral load and rapid virologic response to peginterferon/ribavirin obviates a protease inhibitor. Hepatology 2014;59:71–77PubMedCrossRef Pearlman BL, Ehleben C. Hepatitis C genotype 1 virus with low viral load and rapid virologic response to peginterferon/ribavirin obviates a protease inhibitor. Hepatology 2014;59:71–77PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Ge D, Fellay J, Thompson AJ, Simon JS, Shianna KV, Urban TJ, Heinzen EL, et al. Genetic variation in IL28B predicts hepatitis C treatment-induced viral clearance. Nature 2009;461:399–401PubMedCrossRef Ge D, Fellay J, Thompson AJ, Simon JS, Shianna KV, Urban TJ, Heinzen EL, et al. Genetic variation in IL28B predicts hepatitis C treatment-induced viral clearance. Nature 2009;461:399–401PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Tanaka Y, Nishida N, Sugiyama M, Kurosaki M, Matsuura K, Sakamoto N, Nakagawa M, et al. Genome-wide association of IL28B with response to pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C. Nat Genet 2009;41:1105–1109PubMedCrossRef Tanaka Y, Nishida N, Sugiyama M, Kurosaki M, Matsuura K, Sakamoto N, Nakagawa M, et al. Genome-wide association of IL28B with response to pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C. Nat Genet 2009;41:1105–1109PubMedCrossRef
18.
go back to reference Suppiah V, Moldovan M, Ahlenstiel G, Berg T, Weltman M, Abate ML, et al. IL28B is associated with response to chronic hepatitis C interferon-alpha and ribavirin therapy. Nat Genet 2009;41:1100–1104PubMedCrossRef Suppiah V, Moldovan M, Ahlenstiel G, Berg T, Weltman M, Abate ML, et al. IL28B is associated with response to chronic hepatitis C interferon-alpha and ribavirin therapy. Nat Genet 2009;41:1100–1104PubMedCrossRef
19.
go back to reference Huang CF, Huang JF, Yang JF, Hsieh MY, Lin ZY, Chen SC, Wang LY, et al. Interleukin-28B genetic variants in identification of hepatitis C virus genotype 1 patients responding to 24 weeks peginterferon/ribavirin. J Hepatol 2012;56:34–40PubMedCrossRef Huang CF, Huang JF, Yang JF, Hsieh MY, Lin ZY, Chen SC, Wang LY, et al. Interleukin-28B genetic variants in identification of hepatitis C virus genotype 1 patients responding to 24 weeks peginterferon/ribavirin. J Hepatol 2012;56:34–40PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference Thompson AJ, Muir AJ, Sulkowski MS, Ge D, Fellay J, Shianna KV, et al. Interleukin-28B polymorphism improves viral kinetics and is the strongest pretreatment predictor of sustained virologic response in genotype 1 hepatitis C virus. Gastroenterology 2010;139(120–129):e18PubMed Thompson AJ, Muir AJ, Sulkowski MS, Ge D, Fellay J, Shianna KV, et al. Interleukin-28B polymorphism improves viral kinetics and is the strongest pretreatment predictor of sustained virologic response in genotype 1 hepatitis C virus. Gastroenterology 2010;139(120–129):e18PubMed
21.
go back to reference Huang CF, Yeh ML, Huang JF, Yang JF, Hsieh MY, Lin ZY, et al. Host interleukin-28B genetic variants versus viral kinetics in determining responses to standard-of-care for Asians with hepatitis C genotype 1. Antiviral Res 2012;93:239–244PubMedCrossRef Huang CF, Yeh ML, Huang JF, Yang JF, Hsieh MY, Lin ZY, et al. Host interleukin-28B genetic variants versus viral kinetics in determining responses to standard-of-care for Asians with hepatitis C genotype 1. Antiviral Res 2012;93:239–244PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Yu ML, Huang CF, Huang JF, Chang NC, Yang JF, Lin ZY, Chen SC, et al. Role of interleukin-28B polymorphisms in the treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 2 infection in Asian patients. Hepatology 2011;53:7–13PubMedCrossRef Yu ML, Huang CF, Huang JF, Chang NC, Yang JF, Lin ZY, Chen SC, et al. Role of interleukin-28B polymorphisms in the treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 2 infection in Asian patients. Hepatology 2011;53:7–13PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Mangia A, Thompson AJ, Santoro R, Piazzolla V, Tillmann HL, Patel K, et al. An IL28B polymorphism determines treatment response of hepatitis C virus genotype 2 or 3 patients who do not achieve a rapid virologic response. Gastroenterology 2010;139:821–827 (827. e1) PubMedCrossRef Mangia A, Thompson AJ, Santoro R, Piazzolla V, Tillmann HL, Patel K, et al. An IL28B polymorphism determines treatment response of hepatitis C virus genotype 2 or 3 patients who do not achieve a rapid virologic response. Gastroenterology 2010;139:821–827 (827. e1) PubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Sarrazin C, Susser S, Doehring A, Lange CM, Müller T, Schlecker C, et al. Importance of IL28B gene polymorphisms in hepatitis C virus genotype 2 and 3 infected patients. J Hepatol 2011;54:415–421PubMedCrossRef Sarrazin C, Susser S, Doehring A, Lange CM, Müller T, Schlecker C, et al. Importance of IL28B gene polymorphisms in hepatitis C virus genotype 2 and 3 infected patients. J Hepatol 2011;54:415–421PubMedCrossRef
25.
go back to reference Huang CF, Yeh ML, Hsieh MH, Hsieh MY, Lin ZY, Chen SC, Wang LY, et al. Clinical utility of host genetic IL-28B variants in hepatitis C virus genotype 1 Asian patients retreated with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;28:1515–1520PubMedCrossRef Huang CF, Yeh ML, Hsieh MH, Hsieh MY, Lin ZY, Chen SC, Wang LY, et al. Clinical utility of host genetic IL-28B variants in hepatitis C virus genotype 1 Asian patients retreated with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;28:1515–1520PubMedCrossRef
26.
go back to reference Huang CF, Dai CY, Yeh ML, Huang JF, Huang CI, Hsieh MY, et al. Virological predictors of response to retreatment in hepatitis C genotype 2 infected patients. PLoS One 2013;8:e58882PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Huang CF, Dai CY, Yeh ML, Huang JF, Huang CI, Hsieh MY, et al. Virological predictors of response to retreatment in hepatitis C genotype 2 infected patients. PLoS One 2013;8:e58882PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Yu M-L, Chuang W-L. New treatments for HCV: perspective from Asia. Clin Liver Dis 2015;5:17–21CrossRef Yu M-L, Chuang W-L. New treatments for HCV: perspective from Asia. Clin Liver Dis 2015;5:17–21CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Feld JJ, Kowdley KV, Coakley E, et al. Treatment of HCV with ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin. N Engl J Med 2014;370(17):1594–1603PubMedCrossRef Feld JJ, Kowdley KV, Coakley E, et al. Treatment of HCV with ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin. N Engl J Med 2014;370(17):1594–1603PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Afdhal N, Reddy KR, Nelson DR, Lawitz E, Gordon SC, Schiff E, Nahass R, et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for previously treated HCV genotype 1 infection. N Engl J Med 2014;370:1483–1493PubMedCrossRef Afdhal N, Reddy KR, Nelson DR, Lawitz E, Gordon SC, Schiff E, Nahass R, et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for previously treated HCV genotype 1 infection. N Engl J Med 2014;370:1483–1493PubMedCrossRef
30.
go back to reference Afdhal N, Zeuzem S, Kwo P, et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for untreated HCV genotype 1 infection. N Engl J Med 2014;370(20):1889–1898PubMedCrossRef Afdhal N, Zeuzem S, Kwo P, et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for untreated HCV genotype 1 infection. N Engl J Med 2014;370(20):1889–1898PubMedCrossRef
31.
go back to reference George SL, Bacon BR, Brunt EM, Mihindukulasuriya KL, Hoffmann J, Di Bisceglie AM. Clinical, virological, histologic, and biochemical outcomes after successful HCV therapy: a 5-year follow-up of 150 patients. Hepatology 2009;49(3):729–738PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef George SL, Bacon BR, Brunt EM, Mihindukulasuriya KL, Hoffmann J, Di Bisceglie AM. Clinical, virological, histologic, and biochemical outcomes after successful HCV therapy: a 5-year follow-up of 150 patients. Hepatology 2009;49(3):729–738PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
32.
go back to reference Lindsay KL, Trepo C, Heintges T, Shiffman ML, Gordon SC, Hoels JC, et al. A randomized, double-blind trial comparing pegylated interferon alfa-2b to interferon alfa-2b as initial treatment for chronic Hepatitis C. Hepatology 2001;34(2):395–403PubMedCrossRef Lindsay KL, Trepo C, Heintges T, Shiffman ML, Gordon SC, Hoels JC, et al. A randomized, double-blind trial comparing pegylated interferon alfa-2b to interferon alfa-2b as initial treatment for chronic Hepatitis C. Hepatology 2001;34(2):395–403PubMedCrossRef
33.
go back to reference Manns MP, McHutchison JG, Gordon SC, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomised trial. Lancet 2001;358:958–965PubMedCrossRef Manns MP, McHutchison JG, Gordon SC, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomised trial. Lancet 2001;358:958–965PubMedCrossRef
34.
go back to reference RiDruejo R. Predictors of response to chronic hepatitis C treatment. Fut Virol 2012;7(ii):1089–1101CrossRef RiDruejo R. Predictors of response to chronic hepatitis C treatment. Fut Virol 2012;7(ii):1089–1101CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Wedemeyer H, Dore GJ, Ward JW. Estimates on HCV disease burden worldwide—filling the gaps. J Viral Hepatitis 2015;22(Suppl.S1):1–5CrossRef Wedemeyer H, Dore GJ, Ward JW. Estimates on HCV disease burden worldwide—filling the gaps. J Viral Hepatitis 2015;22(Suppl.S1):1–5CrossRef
36.
go back to reference Kowdley KV, Gordon SC, Reddy KR, Rossaro L, Bernstein DE, Lawitz E, Shiffman ML, et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for 8 or 12 weeks for chronic HCV without cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 2014;370:1879–1888PubMedCrossRef Kowdley KV, Gordon SC, Reddy KR, Rossaro L, Bernstein DE, Lawitz E, Shiffman ML, et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir for 8 or 12 weeks for chronic HCV without cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 2014;370:1879–1888PubMedCrossRef
37.
go back to reference Charlton M, Gane E, Manns MP, Brown RS Jr, Curry MP, Kwo PY, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin for treatment of compensated recurrent hepatitis C virus infection after liver transplantation. Gastroenterology 2015;148:108–117PubMedCrossRef Charlton M, Gane E, Manns MP, Brown RS Jr, Curry MP, Kwo PY, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin for treatment of compensated recurrent hepatitis C virus infection after liver transplantation. Gastroenterology 2015;148:108–117PubMedCrossRef
38.
go back to reference Curry MP, Forns X, Chung RT, Terrault NA, Brown R Jr, Fenkel JM, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin prevent recurrence of HCV infection after liver transplantation: an open-label study. Gastroenterology 2015;148:100–107PubMedCrossRef Curry MP, Forns X, Chung RT, Terrault NA, Brown R Jr, Fenkel JM, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin prevent recurrence of HCV infection after liver transplantation: an open-label study. Gastroenterology 2015;148:100–107PubMedCrossRef
39.
go back to reference Poordad F, Hezode C, Trinh R, Kowdley KV, Zeuzem S, Agarwal K, Shiffman ML, et al. ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin for hepatitis C with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 2014;370:1973–1982PubMedCrossRef Poordad F, Hezode C, Trinh R, Kowdley KV, Zeuzem S, Agarwal K, Shiffman ML, et al. ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin for hepatitis C with cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 2014;370:1973–1982PubMedCrossRef
40.
go back to reference Zeuzem S, Jacobson IM, Baykal T, et al. Retreatment of HCV with ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin. N Engl J Med 2014;370(17):1604–1614PubMedCrossRef Zeuzem S, Jacobson IM, Baykal T, et al. Retreatment of HCV with ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with ribavirin. N Engl J Med 2014;370(17):1604–1614PubMedCrossRef
41.
go back to reference Hezode C, Asselah T, Reddy KR, et al. Ombitasvir plus paritaprevir plus ritonavir with or without ribavirin in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients with genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C virus infection (PEARL-I): a randomised, open-label trial. Lancet 2015;385:2502–2509PubMedCrossRef Hezode C, Asselah T, Reddy KR, et al. Ombitasvir plus paritaprevir plus ritonavir with or without ribavirin in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients with genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C virus infection (PEARL-I): a randomised, open-label trial. Lancet 2015;385:2502–2509PubMedCrossRef
42.
go back to reference Molina JM, Orkin C, Iser DM, et al. Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for treatment of hepatitis C virus in patients co-infected with HIV (PHOTON-2): a multicentre, open-label, non-randomised, phase 3 study. Lancet 2015;385:1098–1106PubMedCrossRef Molina JM, Orkin C, Iser DM, et al. Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for treatment of hepatitis C virus in patients co-infected with HIV (PHOTON-2): a multicentre, open-label, non-randomised, phase 3 study. Lancet 2015;385:1098–1106PubMedCrossRef
44.
go back to reference Zeuzem S, Andreone P, Pol S, Lawitz E, Diago M, Roberts S, et al. Telaprevir for retreatment of HCV infection. N Engl J Med 2011;364:2417–2428PubMedCrossRef Zeuzem S, Andreone P, Pol S, Lawitz E, Diago M, Roberts S, et al. Telaprevir for retreatment of HCV infection. N Engl J Med 2011;364:2417–2428PubMedCrossRef
45.
go back to reference Manns M, Marcellin P, Poordad F, de Araujo ES, Buti M, Horsmans Y, Janczewska E, Villamil F, Scott J, Peeters M, Lenz O, Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan S, De La Rosa G, Kalmeijer R, Sinha R, Beumont-Mauviel M. Simeprevir with pegylated interferon alfa 2a or 2b plus ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection (QUEST-2): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet 2014;384:414–426PubMedCrossRef Manns M, Marcellin P, Poordad F, de Araujo ES, Buti M, Horsmans Y, Janczewska E, Villamil F, Scott J, Peeters M, Lenz O, Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan S, De La Rosa G, Kalmeijer R, Sinha R, Beumont-Mauviel M. Simeprevir with pegylated interferon alfa 2a or 2b plus ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection (QUEST-2): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet 2014;384:414–426PubMedCrossRef
46.
go back to reference Jacobson IM, Dore GJ, Foster GR, Fried MW, Radu M, Rafalsky VV, Moroz L, Craxi A, Peeters M, Lenz O, Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan S, De La Rosa G, Kalmeijer R, Scott J, Sinha R, Beumont-Mauviel M. Simeprevir with pegylated interferon alfa 2a plus ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection (QUEST-1): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2014;384:403–413PubMedCrossRef Jacobson IM, Dore GJ, Foster GR, Fried MW, Radu M, Rafalsky VV, Moroz L, Craxi A, Peeters M, Lenz O, Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan S, De La Rosa G, Kalmeijer R, Scott J, Sinha R, Beumont-Mauviel M. Simeprevir with pegylated interferon alfa 2a plus ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection (QUEST-1): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2014;384:403–413PubMedCrossRef
47.
go back to reference Lawitz E, Sulkowski MS, Ghalib R, Rodriguez-Torres M, Younossi ZM, Corregidor A, DeJesus E, Pearlman B, Rabinovitz M, Gitlin N, Lim JK, Pockros PJ, Scott JD, Fevery B, Lambrecht T, Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan S, Callewaert K, Symonds WT, Picchio G, Lindsay KL, Beumont M, Jacobson IM. Simeprevir plus sofosbuvir, with or without ribavirin, to treat chronic infection with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 in non-responders to pegylated interferon and ribavirin and treatment-naive patients: the COSMOS randomised study. Lancet 2014;384:1756–1765PubMedCrossRef Lawitz E, Sulkowski MS, Ghalib R, Rodriguez-Torres M, Younossi ZM, Corregidor A, DeJesus E, Pearlman B, Rabinovitz M, Gitlin N, Lim JK, Pockros PJ, Scott JD, Fevery B, Lambrecht T, Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan S, Callewaert K, Symonds WT, Picchio G, Lindsay KL, Beumont M, Jacobson IM. Simeprevir plus sofosbuvir, with or without ribavirin, to treat chronic infection with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 in non-responders to pegylated interferon and ribavirin and treatment-naive patients: the COSMOS randomised study. Lancet 2014;384:1756–1765PubMedCrossRef
48.
go back to reference Reddy KR, Zeuzem S, Zoulim F, Weiland O, Horban A, Stanciu C, Villamil FG, Andreone P, George J, Dammers E, Fu M, Kurland D, Lenz O, Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan S, Verbinnen T, Scott J, Jessner W. Simeprevir versus telaprevir with peginterferon and ribavirin in previous null or partial responders with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection (ATTAIN): a randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority phase 3 trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2015;15:27–35PubMedCrossRef Reddy KR, Zeuzem S, Zoulim F, Weiland O, Horban A, Stanciu C, Villamil FG, Andreone P, George J, Dammers E, Fu M, Kurland D, Lenz O, Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan S, Verbinnen T, Scott J, Jessner W. Simeprevir versus telaprevir with peginterferon and ribavirin in previous null or partial responders with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection (ATTAIN): a randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority phase 3 trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2015;15:27–35PubMedCrossRef
49.
go back to reference Fellay J, Thompson AJ, Ge D, Gumbs CE, Urban TJ, Shianna KV, Little LD, Qiu P, Bertelsen AH, Watson M, Warner A, Muir AJ, Brass C, Albrecht J, Sulkowski M, McHutchison JG, Goldstein DB. ITPA gene variants protect against anaemia in patients treated for chronic hepatitis C. Nature 2010;464:405–408PubMedCrossRef Fellay J, Thompson AJ, Ge D, Gumbs CE, Urban TJ, Shianna KV, Little LD, Qiu P, Bertelsen AH, Watson M, Warner A, Muir AJ, Brass C, Albrecht J, Sulkowski M, McHutchison JG, Goldstein DB. ITPA gene variants protect against anaemia in patients treated for chronic hepatitis C. Nature 2010;464:405–408PubMedCrossRef
50.
go back to reference Muir AJ, Poordad FF, McHutchison JG, Shiffman ML, Berg T, Ferenci P, Heathcote EJ, Pawlotsky JM, Zeuzem S, Reesink HW, Dusheiko G, Martin EC, George S, Kauffman RS, Adda N. Retreatment with telaprevir combination therapy in hepatitis C patients with well-characterized prior treatment response. Hepatology 2011;54:1538–1546PubMedCrossRef Muir AJ, Poordad FF, McHutchison JG, Shiffman ML, Berg T, Ferenci P, Heathcote EJ, Pawlotsky JM, Zeuzem S, Reesink HW, Dusheiko G, Martin EC, George S, Kauffman RS, Adda N. Retreatment with telaprevir combination therapy in hepatitis C patients with well-characterized prior treatment response. Hepatology 2011;54:1538–1546PubMedCrossRef
51.
go back to reference Thompson AJ, McHutchison JG. Will IL28B polymorphism remain relevant in the era of direct-acting antiviral agents for hepatitis C virus? Hepatology 2012;56:373–381PubMedCrossRef Thompson AJ, McHutchison JG. Will IL28B polymorphism remain relevant in the era of direct-acting antiviral agents for hepatitis C virus? Hepatology 2012;56:373–381PubMedCrossRef
52.
go back to reference Gane EJ, Roberts SK, Stedman CA, Angus PW, Ritchie B, Elston R, Ipe D, Morcos PN, Baher L, Najera I, Chu T, Lopatin U, Berrey MM, Bradford W, Laughlin M, Shulman NS, Smith PF. Oral combination therapy with a nucleoside polymerase inhibitor (RG7128) and danoprevir for chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection (INFORM-1): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial. Lancet 2010;376:1467–1475PubMedCrossRef Gane EJ, Roberts SK, Stedman CA, Angus PW, Ritchie B, Elston R, Ipe D, Morcos PN, Baher L, Najera I, Chu T, Lopatin U, Berrey MM, Bradford W, Laughlin M, Shulman NS, Smith PF. Oral combination therapy with a nucleoside polymerase inhibitor (RG7128) and danoprevir for chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection (INFORM-1): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial. Lancet 2010;376:1467–1475PubMedCrossRef
53.
go back to reference Lawitz EJ, Gruener D, Hill JM, Marbury T, Moorehead L, Mathias A, Cheng G, Link JO, Wong KA, Mo H, McHutchison JG, Brainard DM. A phase 1, randomized, placebo-controlled, 3-day, dose-ranging study of GS-5885, an NS5A inhibitor, in patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C. J Hepatol 2012;57:24–31PubMedCrossRef Lawitz EJ, Gruener D, Hill JM, Marbury T, Moorehead L, Mathias A, Cheng G, Link JO, Wong KA, Mo H, McHutchison JG, Brainard DM. A phase 1, randomized, placebo-controlled, 3-day, dose-ranging study of GS-5885, an NS5A inhibitor, in patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C. J Hepatol 2012;57:24–31PubMedCrossRef
54.
go back to reference Lawitz E, Poordad FF, Pang PS, Hyland RH, Ding X, Mo H, Symonds WT, McHutchison JG, Membreno FE. Sofosbuvir and ledipasvir fixed-dose combination with and without ribavirin in treatment-naive and previously treated patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection (LONESTAR): an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial. Lancet 2014;383:515–523PubMedCrossRef Lawitz E, Poordad FF, Pang PS, Hyland RH, Ding X, Mo H, Symonds WT, McHutchison JG, Membreno FE. Sofosbuvir and ledipasvir fixed-dose combination with and without ribavirin in treatment-naive and previously treated patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection (LONESTAR): an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial. Lancet 2014;383:515–523PubMedCrossRef
55.
go back to reference Mizokami M, Yokosuka O, Takehara T, Sakamoto N, Korenaga M, Mochizuki H, Nakane K, Enomoto H, Ikeda F, Yanase M, Toyoda H, Genda T, Umemura T, Yatsuhashi H, Ide T, Toda N, Nirei K, Ueno Y, Nishigaki Y, Betular J, Gao B, Ishizaki A, Omote M, Mo H, Garrison K, Pang PS, Knox SJ, Symonds WT, McHutchison JG, Izumi N, Omata M. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir fixed-dose combination with and without ribavirin for 12 weeks in treatment-naive and previously treated Japanese patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C: an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2015;15(6):645–653PubMedCrossRef Mizokami M, Yokosuka O, Takehara T, Sakamoto N, Korenaga M, Mochizuki H, Nakane K, Enomoto H, Ikeda F, Yanase M, Toyoda H, Genda T, Umemura T, Yatsuhashi H, Ide T, Toda N, Nirei K, Ueno Y, Nishigaki Y, Betular J, Gao B, Ishizaki A, Omote M, Mo H, Garrison K, Pang PS, Knox SJ, Symonds WT, McHutchison JG, Izumi N, Omata M. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir fixed-dose combination with and without ribavirin for 12 weeks in treatment-naive and previously treated Japanese patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C: an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2015;15(6):645–653PubMedCrossRef
56.
go back to reference Charlton M, Everson GT, Flamm SL, Kumar P, Landis C, Brown RS Jr, et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for treatment of HCV infection in patients with advanced liver disease. Gastroenterology 2015;149:649–659PubMedCrossRef Charlton M, Everson GT, Flamm SL, Kumar P, Landis C, Brown RS Jr, et al. Ledipasvir and sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for treatment of HCV infection in patients with advanced liver disease. Gastroenterology 2015;149:649–659PubMedCrossRef
57.
go back to reference Chayama K, Notsumata K, Kurosaki M, Sato K, Rodrigues L Jr, Setze C, Badri P, Pilot-Matias T, Vilchez RA, Kumada H. Randomized trial of interferon- and ribavirin-free ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir in treatment-experienced hepatitis C virus-infected patients. Hepatology 2015;61:1523–1532PubMedCrossRef Chayama K, Notsumata K, Kurosaki M, Sato K, Rodrigues L Jr, Setze C, Badri P, Pilot-Matias T, Vilchez RA, Kumada H. Randomized trial of interferon- and ribavirin-free ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir in treatment-experienced hepatitis C virus-infected patients. Hepatology 2015;61:1523–1532PubMedCrossRef
58.
go back to reference Ferenci P, Bernstein D, Lalezari J, Cohen D, Luo Y, Cooper C, Tam E, Marinho RT, Tsai N, Nyberg A, Box TD, Younes Z, Enayati P, Green S, Baruch Y, Bhandari BR, Caruntu FA, Sepe T, Chulanov V, Janczewska E, Rizzardini G, Gervain J, Planas R, Moreno C, Hassanein T, Xie W, King M, Podsadecki T, Reddy KR. PEARL-III study; PEARL-IV study. ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with or without ribavirin for HCV. N Engl J Med 2014;370:1983–1992PubMedCrossRef Ferenci P, Bernstein D, Lalezari J, Cohen D, Luo Y, Cooper C, Tam E, Marinho RT, Tsai N, Nyberg A, Box TD, Younes Z, Enayati P, Green S, Baruch Y, Bhandari BR, Caruntu FA, Sepe T, Chulanov V, Janczewska E, Rizzardini G, Gervain J, Planas R, Moreno C, Hassanein T, Xie W, King M, Podsadecki T, Reddy KR. PEARL-III study; PEARL-IV study. ABT-450/r-ombitasvir and dasabuvir with or without ribavirin for HCV. N Engl J Med 2014;370:1983–1992PubMedCrossRef
59.
go back to reference Lok AS, Gardiner DF, Lawitz E, Martorell C, Everson GT, Ghalib R, Reindollar R, Rustgi V, McPhee F, Wind-Rotolo M, Persson A, Zhu K, Dimitrova DI, Eley T, Guo T, Grasela DM, Pasquinelli C. Preliminary study of two antiviral agents for hepatitis C genotype 1. N Engl J Med 2012;366:216–224PubMedCrossRef Lok AS, Gardiner DF, Lawitz E, Martorell C, Everson GT, Ghalib R, Reindollar R, Rustgi V, McPhee F, Wind-Rotolo M, Persson A, Zhu K, Dimitrova DI, Eley T, Guo T, Grasela DM, Pasquinelli C. Preliminary study of two antiviral agents for hepatitis C genotype 1. N Engl J Med 2012;366:216–224PubMedCrossRef
60.
go back to reference Kumada H, Suzuki Y, Ikeda K, Toyota J, Karino Y, Chayama K, Kawakami Y, Ido A, Yamamoto K, Takaguchi K, Izumi N, Koike K, Takehara T, Kawada N, Sata M, Miyagoshi H, Eley T, McPhee F, Damokosh A, Ishikawa H, Hughes E. Daclatasvir plus asunaprevir for chronic HCV genotype 1b infection. Hepatology 2014;59:2083–2091PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Kumada H, Suzuki Y, Ikeda K, Toyota J, Karino Y, Chayama K, Kawakami Y, Ido A, Yamamoto K, Takaguchi K, Izumi N, Koike K, Takehara T, Kawada N, Sata M, Miyagoshi H, Eley T, McPhee F, Damokosh A, Ishikawa H, Hughes E. Daclatasvir plus asunaprevir for chronic HCV genotype 1b infection. Hepatology 2014;59:2083–2091PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
61.
go back to reference Fujii Y, Uchida Y, Mochida S. Drug-induced immunoallergic hepatitis during combination therapy with daclatasvir and asunaprevir. Hepatology 2015;61:400–401PubMedCrossRef Fujii Y, Uchida Y, Mochida S. Drug-induced immunoallergic hepatitis during combination therapy with daclatasvir and asunaprevir. Hepatology 2015;61:400–401PubMedCrossRef
62.
go back to reference Manns M, Pol S, Jacobson IM, Marcellin P, Gordon SC, Peng CY, Chang TT, et al. All-oral daclatasvir plus asunaprevir for hepatitis C virus genotype 1b: a multinational, phase 3, multicohort study. Lancet 2014;384:1597–1605PubMedCrossRef Manns M, Pol S, Jacobson IM, Marcellin P, Gordon SC, Peng CY, Chang TT, et al. All-oral daclatasvir plus asunaprevir for hepatitis C virus genotype 1b: a multinational, phase 3, multicohort study. Lancet 2014;384:1597–1605PubMedCrossRef
63.
go back to reference Suda G, Kudo M, Nagasaka A, Furuya K, Yamamoto Y, Kobayashi T, Shinada K, Tateyama M, Konno J, Tsukuda Y, Yamasaki K, Kimura M, Umemura M, Izumi T, Tsunematsu S, Sato F, Terashita K, Nakai M, Horimoto H, Sho T, Natsuizaka M, Morikawa K, Ogawa K, Sakamoto N (2016) Efficacy and safety of daclatasvir and asunaprevir combination therapy in chronic hemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Gastroenterol. doi:10.1007/s00535-016-1162-8 Suda G, Kudo M, Nagasaka A, Furuya K, Yamamoto Y, Kobayashi T, Shinada K, Tateyama M, Konno J, Tsukuda Y, Yamasaki K, Kimura M, Umemura M, Izumi T, Tsunematsu S, Sato F, Terashita K, Nakai M, Horimoto H, Sho T, Natsuizaka M, Morikawa K, Ogawa K, Sakamoto N (2016) Efficacy and safety of daclatasvir and asunaprevir combination therapy in chronic hemodialysis patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Gastroenterol. doi:10.​1007/​s00535-016-1162-8
64.
go back to reference Everson GT, Sims KD, Rodriguez-Torres M, Hézode C, Lawitz E, Bourlière M, Loustaud-Ratti V, Rustgi V, Schwartz H, Tatum H, Marcellin P, Pol S, Thuluvath PJ, Eley T, Wang X, Huang SP, McPhee F, Wind-Rotolo M, Chung E, Pasquinelli C, Grasela DM, Gardiner DF. Efficacy of an interferon- and ribavirin-free regimen of daclatasvir, asunaprevir, and BMS-791325 in treatment-naive patients with HCV genotype 1 infection. Gastroenterology 2014;146:420–429PubMedCrossRef Everson GT, Sims KD, Rodriguez-Torres M, Hézode C, Lawitz E, Bourlière M, Loustaud-Ratti V, Rustgi V, Schwartz H, Tatum H, Marcellin P, Pol S, Thuluvath PJ, Eley T, Wang X, Huang SP, McPhee F, Wind-Rotolo M, Chung E, Pasquinelli C, Grasela DM, Gardiner DF. Efficacy of an interferon- and ribavirin-free regimen of daclatasvir, asunaprevir, and BMS-791325 in treatment-naive patients with HCV genotype 1 infection. Gastroenterology 2014;146:420–429PubMedCrossRef
65.
go back to reference Lawitz E, Gane E, Pearlman B, Tam E, Ghesquiere W, Guyader D, Alric L, Bronowicki JP, Lester L, Sievert W, Ghalib R, Balart L, Sund F, Lagging M, Dutko F, Shaughnessy M, Hwang P, Howe AY, Wahl J, Robertson M, Barr E, Haber B. Efficacy and safety of 12 weeks versus 18 weeks of treatment with grazoprevir (MK-5172) and elbasvir (MK-8742) with or without ribavirin for hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection in previously untreated patients with cirrhosis and patients with previous null response with or without cirrhosis (C-WORTHY): a randomised, open-label phase 2 trial. Lancet 2015;385:1075–1086PubMedCrossRef Lawitz E, Gane E, Pearlman B, Tam E, Ghesquiere W, Guyader D, Alric L, Bronowicki JP, Lester L, Sievert W, Ghalib R, Balart L, Sund F, Lagging M, Dutko F, Shaughnessy M, Hwang P, Howe AY, Wahl J, Robertson M, Barr E, Haber B. Efficacy and safety of 12 weeks versus 18 weeks of treatment with grazoprevir (MK-5172) and elbasvir (MK-8742) with or without ribavirin for hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection in previously untreated patients with cirrhosis and patients with previous null response with or without cirrhosis (C-WORTHY): a randomised, open-label phase 2 trial. Lancet 2015;385:1075–1086PubMedCrossRef
66.
go back to reference Roth D, Nelson DR, Bruchfeld A, Liapakis A, Silva M, Monsour H Jr, et al. Grazoprevir plus elbasvir in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection and stage 4–5 chronic kidney disease (the C-SURFER study): a combination phase 3 study. Lancet 2015;386:1537–1545PubMedCrossRef Roth D, Nelson DR, Bruchfeld A, Liapakis A, Silva M, Monsour H Jr, et al. Grazoprevir plus elbasvir in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection and stage 4–5 chronic kidney disease (the C-SURFER study): a combination phase 3 study. Lancet 2015;386:1537–1545PubMedCrossRef
67.
go back to reference Hirotsu Y, Kanda T, Matsumura H, Moriyama M, Yokosuka O, Omata M. HCV NS5A resistance-associated variants in a group of real-world Japanese patients chronically infected with HCV genotype 1b. Hepatol Int 2015;9:424–430PubMedCrossRef Hirotsu Y, Kanda T, Matsumura H, Moriyama M, Yokosuka O, Omata M. HCV NS5A resistance-associated variants in a group of real-world Japanese patients chronically infected with HCV genotype 1b. Hepatol Int 2015;9:424–430PubMedCrossRef
68.
go back to reference Zeuzem S, Dusheiko GM, Salupere R, Mangia A, Flisiak R, Hyland RH, Illeperuma A, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin in HCV genotypes 2 and 3. N Engl J Med 2014;370:1993–2001PubMedCrossRef Zeuzem S, Dusheiko GM, Salupere R, Mangia A, Flisiak R, Hyland RH, Illeperuma A, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin in HCV genotypes 2 and 3. N Engl J Med 2014;370:1993–2001PubMedCrossRef
69.
go back to reference Gane EJ, Stedman CA, Hyland RH, et al. Nucleotide polymerase inhibitor sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for hepatitis C. N Engl J Med 2013;368:34–44PubMedCrossRef Gane EJ, Stedman CA, Hyland RH, et al. Nucleotide polymerase inhibitor sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for hepatitis C. N Engl J Med 2013;368:34–44PubMedCrossRef
70.
go back to reference Lawitz E, Mangia A, Wyles D, et al. Sofosbuvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C infection. N Engl J Med 2013;368:1878–1887PubMedCrossRef Lawitz E, Mangia A, Wyles D, et al. Sofosbuvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C infection. N Engl J Med 2013;368:1878–1887PubMedCrossRef
71.
go back to reference Jacobson IM, Gordon SC, Kowdley KV, et al. Sofosbuvir for hepatitis C genotype 2 or 3 in patients without treatment options. N Engl J Med 2013;368:1867–1877PubMedCrossRef Jacobson IM, Gordon SC, Kowdley KV, et al. Sofosbuvir for hepatitis C genotype 2 or 3 in patients without treatment options. N Engl J Med 2013;368:1867–1877PubMedCrossRef
72.
go back to reference Omata M, Nishiguchi S, Ueno Y, Mochizuki H, Izumi N, Ikeda F, Toyoda H, Yokosuka O, Nirei K, Genda T, Umemura T, Takehara T, Sakamoto N, Nishigaki Y, Nakane K, Toda N, Ide T, Yanase M, Hino K, Gao B, Garrison KL, Dvory-Sobol H, Ishizaki A, Omote M, Brainard D, Knox S, Symonds WT, McHutchison JG, Yatsuhashi H, Mizokami M. Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin in Japanese patients with chronic genotype 2 HCV infection: an open-label, phase 3 trial. J Viral Hepatol 2014;21:762–768CrossRef Omata M, Nishiguchi S, Ueno Y, Mochizuki H, Izumi N, Ikeda F, Toyoda H, Yokosuka O, Nirei K, Genda T, Umemura T, Takehara T, Sakamoto N, Nishigaki Y, Nakane K, Toda N, Ide T, Yanase M, Hino K, Gao B, Garrison KL, Dvory-Sobol H, Ishizaki A, Omote M, Brainard D, Knox S, Symonds WT, McHutchison JG, Yatsuhashi H, Mizokami M. Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin in Japanese patients with chronic genotype 2 HCV infection: an open-label, phase 3 trial. J Viral Hepatol 2014;21:762–768CrossRef
73.
go back to reference Sulkowski MS, Gardiner DF, Rodriguez-Torres M, et al. Daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir for previously treated or untreated chronic HCV infection. N Engl J Med 2014;370:211–221PubMedCrossRef Sulkowski MS, Gardiner DF, Rodriguez-Torres M, et al. Daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir for previously treated or untreated chronic HCV infection. N Engl J Med 2014;370:211–221PubMedCrossRef
74.
go back to reference Gane EJ, Hyland RH, Yang Y, Svarovskaia E, Pang PS, McHutchison JG, et al. Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir single tablet regimen is effective in patients with HCV Genotype 2 Infection. In: 15th international symposium on viral hepatitis and liver disease (ISVHLD), Berlin, Germany, on 26–28 Jun 2015. http://www.natap.org/2015/HCV/070215_02.htm. Accessed on 11 Feb 2016 Gane EJ, Hyland RH, Yang Y, Svarovskaia E, Pang PS, McHutchison JG, et al. Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir single tablet regimen is effective in patients with HCV Genotype 2 Infection. In: 15th international symposium on viral hepatitis and liver disease (ISVHLD), Berlin, Germany, on 26–28 Jun 2015. http://​www.​natap.​org/​2015/​HCV/​070215_​02.​htm. Accessed on 11 Feb 2016
75.
go back to reference Everson GT, Tran TT, Towner WJ, et al. Safety and efficacy of treatment with the interferon-free, ribavirin-free combination of sofosbuvir + GS-5816 for 12 weeks in treatment naive patients with genotype 1-6 HCV patients (Abstract). J Hepatol 2014;60(Suppl.):S46 Everson GT, Tran TT, Towner WJ, et al. Safety and efficacy of treatment with the interferon-free, ribavirin-free combination of sofosbuvir + GS-5816 for 12 weeks in treatment naive patients with genotype 1-6 HCV patients (Abstract). J Hepatol 2014;60(Suppl.):S46
76.
go back to reference Nelson DR, Cooper JN, Lalezari JP et al. All-oral 12-week combination treatment with daclatasvir (DCV) and sofosbuvir (SOF) in patients infected with HCV genotype (GT) 3: ALLY-3 phase 3 study. In: Abstract LB-3. 65th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). 7–11 Nov 2014; Boston, MA Nelson DR, Cooper JN, Lalezari JP et al. All-oral 12-week combination treatment with daclatasvir (DCV) and sofosbuvir (SOF) in patients infected with HCV genotype (GT) 3: ALLY-3 phase 3 study. In: Abstract LB-3. 65th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). 7–11 Nov 2014; Boston, MA
77.
go back to reference Ruane P, Ain D, Meshrekey R, Stryker R. Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin in the treatment of chronic HCV genotype 4 infection in patients of Egyptian ancestry. In: 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). 1–5 Nov 2013; Washington DC Ruane P, Ain D, Meshrekey R, Stryker R. Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin in the treatment of chronic HCV genotype 4 infection in patients of Egyptian ancestry. In: 64th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). 1–5 Nov 2013; Washington DC
78.
go back to reference Esmat GE, Shiha G, Omar RF et al. Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin in the treatment of egyptian patients with chronic genotype 4 HCV infection. In: Abstract 959. 65th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). 7–11 Nov 2014; Boston, MA Esmat GE, Shiha G, Omar RF et al. Sofosbuvir plus ribavirin in the treatment of egyptian patients with chronic genotype 4 HCV infection. In: Abstract 959. 65th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). 7–11 Nov 2014; Boston, MA
79.
go back to reference Molina JM, Orkin C, Iser DM et al. All-oral therapy with sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for the treatment of HCV genotypes 1, 2, 3 and 4 infection in patients co-infected with HIV (PHOTON-2). In: Abstract MOAB0105LB. 20th International AIDS Conference. 20–25 July 2014; Melbourne, Australia Molina JM, Orkin C, Iser DM et al. All-oral therapy with sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for the treatment of HCV genotypes 1, 2, 3 and 4 infection in patients co-infected with HIV (PHOTON-2). In: Abstract MOAB0105LB. 20th International AIDS Conference. 20–25 July 2014; Melbourne, Australia
80.
go back to reference Kapoor R, Kohli A, Sidharthan S et al. all-oral treatment for genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C infection with sofosbuvir and ledipasvir: interim results from the NIAID SYNERGY trial. In: Abstract 240. 65th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). 7–11 Nov 2014; Boston, MA Kapoor R, Kohli A, Sidharthan S et al. all-oral treatment for genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C infection with sofosbuvir and ledipasvir: interim results from the NIAID SYNERGY trial. In: Abstract 240. 65th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). 7–11 Nov 2014; Boston, MA
81.
go back to reference Pol S, Reddy KR, Baykal T et al. Interferon-free regimens of ombitasvir and ABT-450/r with or without ribavirin in patients with HCV genotype 4 infection: PEARL-I study results. In: Abstract 1928. 65th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). 7–11 Nov 2014; Boston, MA Pol S, Reddy KR, Baykal T et al. Interferon-free regimens of ombitasvir and ABT-450/r with or without ribavirin in patients with HCV genotype 4 infection: PEARL-I study results. In: Abstract 1928. 65th Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). 7–11 Nov 2014; Boston, MA
82.
go back to reference Gane EJ, Hyland RH, An D, Svarovskaia ES, Pang PS, Symonds WT, et al. High efficacy of LDV/SOF regimens for 12 weeks for patients with HCV genotype 3 or 6 infection. Hepatology 2014;60:1274A Gane EJ, Hyland RH, An D, Svarovskaia ES, Pang PS, Symonds WT, et al. High efficacy of LDV/SOF regimens for 12 weeks for patients with HCV genotype 3 or 6 infection. Hepatology 2014;60:1274A
83.
go back to reference Moreno C, Hezode C, Marcellin P et al. Simeprevir with peginterferon/ribavirin for treatment of chronic HCV genotype 4 infection in treatment-naïve or -experienced patients: interim results of a phase III trial. In: Abstract 60. Hep DAART. 8–12 Dec 2013; Big Island, Hawaii Moreno C, Hezode C, Marcellin P et al. Simeprevir with peginterferon/ribavirin for treatment of chronic HCV genotype 4 infection in treatment-naïve or -experienced patients: interim results of a phase III trial. In: Abstract 60. Hep DAART. 8–12 Dec 2013; Big Island, Hawaii
84.
go back to reference Zeuzem S, Ghalib R, Reddy KR, et al. Grazoprevir–Elbasvir combination therapy for treatment-naive cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients with chronic HCV genotype 1, 4, or 6 infection: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2015;163:1–13PubMedCrossRef Zeuzem S, Ghalib R, Reddy KR, et al. Grazoprevir–Elbasvir combination therapy for treatment-naive cirrhotic and noncirrhotic patients with chronic HCV genotype 1, 4, or 6 infection: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2015;163:1–13PubMedCrossRef
85.
go back to reference Everson G et al. Safety and efficacy of treatment with the interferon-free, ribavirin-free combination of sofosbuvir + GS-5816 for 12 weeks in treatment naive patients with genotype 1–6 HCV infection. In: 49th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), abstract O111, London, 2014 Everson G et al. Safety and efficacy of treatment with the interferon-free, ribavirin-free combination of sofosbuvir + GS-5816 for 12 weeks in treatment naive patients with genotype 1–6 HCV infection. In: 49th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), abstract O111, London, 2014
86.
go back to reference Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02201940; Gilead press release. Sept 21, 2015 Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02201940; Gilead press release. Sept 21, 2015
87.
go back to reference Hill A, Khoo S, Fortunak J, et al. Minimum costs for producing hepatitis C direct-acting antivirals for use in large-scale treatment access programs in developing countries. Clin Infect Dis 2014;58:928–936PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Hill A, Khoo S, Fortunak J, et al. Minimum costs for producing hepatitis C direct-acting antivirals for use in large-scale treatment access programs in developing countries. Clin Infect Dis 2014;58:928–936PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
88.
go back to reference Kohli A, Osinusi A, Sims Z, et al. Virological response after 6 week triple-drug regimens for hepatitis C: a proof-of-concept phase 2A cohort study. Lancet 2015;385:1107–1113PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Kohli A, Osinusi A, Sims Z, et al. Virological response after 6 week triple-drug regimens for hepatitis C: a proof-of-concept phase 2A cohort study. Lancet 2015;385:1107–1113PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
89.
go back to reference Qureshi H, Bile KM, Jooma R, Alam SE, Afridi HU. Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viral infections in Pakistan: findings of a national survey appealing for effective prevention and control measures. East Mediterr Health J 2010;16(Suppl):S15–S23PubMed Qureshi H, Bile KM, Jooma R, Alam SE, Afridi HU. Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viral infections in Pakistan: findings of a national survey appealing for effective prevention and control measures. East Mediterr Health J 2010;16(Suppl):S15–S23PubMed
90.
go back to reference Janjua NZ, Hamza HB, Islam M, Tirmizi SF, Siddiqui A, Jafri W, et al. Health care risk factors among women and personal behaviors among men explain the high prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in Karachi, Pakistan. J Viral Hepat 2010;17:317–326PubMedCrossRef Janjua NZ, Hamza HB, Islam M, Tirmizi SF, Siddiqui A, Jafri W, et al. Health care risk factors among women and personal behaviors among men explain the high prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in Karachi, Pakistan. J Viral Hepat 2010;17:317–326PubMedCrossRef
91.
go back to reference Mumtaz K, Hamid SS, Moatter T, Abid S, Shah HA, Jafri W. Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes and its response to treatment in Pakistani patients. Saudi Med J 2008;29:1671PubMed Mumtaz K, Hamid SS, Moatter T, Abid S, Shah HA, Jafri W. Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes and its response to treatment in Pakistani patients. Saudi Med J 2008;29:1671PubMed
92.
go back to reference Abergel A, Loustaud-Ratti V, Metivier S, Jiang D, Kersey K, Knox SJ, et al. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir treatment results in high SVR rates in patients with chronic genotype 4 and 5 HCV infection. J Hepatol 2015;62:S219CrossRef Abergel A, Loustaud-Ratti V, Metivier S, Jiang D, Kersey K, Knox SJ, et al. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir treatment results in high SVR rates in patients with chronic genotype 4 and 5 HCV infection. J Hepatol 2015;62:S219CrossRef
93.
go back to reference Wehmeyer MH, Jordan S, Eißing C, Hartl J, Stohr A, Petersen J, et al. Sofosbuvir in combination with peginterferon and ribavirin for patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus genotype 4: “real-life” experience of two large viral hepatitis centers in northern Germany. J Hepatol 2015;62:S219 Wehmeyer MH, Jordan S, Eißing C, Hartl J, Stohr A, Petersen J, et al. Sofosbuvir in combination with peginterferon and ribavirin for patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus genotype 4: “real-life” experience of two large viral hepatitis centers in northern Germany. J Hepatol 2015;62:S219
94.
go back to reference Reddy R, Lim JK, Kuo A, Di Bisceglie AM, Vargas HE, Galati JS, et al. all-oral HCV therapy is safe and effective in patients with decompensated cirrhosis: interim report from the HCV-target real world experience. J Hepatol 2015;62:S193CrossRef Reddy R, Lim JK, Kuo A, Di Bisceglie AM, Vargas HE, Galati JS, et al. all-oral HCV therapy is safe and effective in patients with decompensated cirrhosis: interim report from the HCV-target real world experience. J Hepatol 2015;62:S193CrossRef
95.
go back to reference Samuel D, Manns M, Forns X, Flamm SL, Reddy KR, Denning J, et al. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir with ribavirin is safe in >600 decompensated and post liver transplantation patients with HCV infection: an integrated safety analysis of the solar 1 and solar 2 trials D. J Hepatol 2015;62:S620–S662CrossRef Samuel D, Manns M, Forns X, Flamm SL, Reddy KR, Denning J, et al. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir with ribavirin is safe in >600 decompensated and post liver transplantation patients with HCV infection: an integrated safety analysis of the solar 1 and solar 2 trials D. J Hepatol 2015;62:S620–S662CrossRef
96.
go back to reference Waked I, Doss W, El-Sayed MH, Razavi H, Shiha G, Yosry A, Esmat G. The current and future disease burden of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in Egypt. Arab J Gastroenterol 2014;15:45–52PubMedCrossRef Waked I, Doss W, El-Sayed MH, Razavi H, Shiha G, Yosry A, Esmat G. The current and future disease burden of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in Egypt. Arab J Gastroenterol 2014;15:45–52PubMedCrossRef
97.
go back to reference Doss W, Esmat G, El Serafy M, El Sayed M, Hassany M, Aymen Yousry A, El Akel W, and waked I:(National Committee for Control of Viral Hepatitis (NCCVH), Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt): Interim analysis for Sofosbuvir National treatment Program in Egypt, 15th International symposium on viral hepatitis and liver (ISVHL), Poster 149, 26–28 June 2015 Doss W, Esmat G, El Serafy M, El Sayed M, Hassany M, Aymen Yousry A, El Akel W, and waked I:(National Committee for Control of Viral Hepatitis (NCCVH), Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt): Interim analysis for Sofosbuvir National treatment Program in Egypt, 15th International symposium on viral hepatitis and liver (ISVHL), Poster 149, 26–28 June 2015
98.
go back to reference Gani RA, Hasan I, Sanityoso A, Lesmana CRA, Waspodo AS, Siregar L, et al. National consensus of hepatitis C infection management in Indonesia. Jakarta: Indonesia Association of the Study for the Liver; 2014 Gani RA, Hasan I, Sanityoso A, Lesmana CRA, Waspodo AS, Siregar L, et al. National consensus of hepatitis C infection management in Indonesia. Jakarta: Indonesia Association of the Study for the Liver; 2014
99.
go back to reference Akbar N, Sulaiman A, Hasan I, Lesmana LA, Gani RA, Sanityoso A, et al. Efficacy and safety of In-Asia-manufactured Interferon α -2b in combination with Ribavirin for therapy of naïve chronic hepatitis C patients: a multicenter, prospective, open-label trial. Indones J Gastroenterol Hepatol Dig Endosc 2009;10(1):7–13 Akbar N, Sulaiman A, Hasan I, Lesmana LA, Gani RA, Sanityoso A, et al. Efficacy and safety of In-Asia-manufactured Interferon α -2b in combination with Ribavirin for therapy of naïve chronic hepatitis C patients: a multicenter, prospective, open-label trial. Indones J Gastroenterol Hepatol Dig Endosc 2009;10(1):7–13
100.
go back to reference Juniastuti K, Wibowo BP, Wibawa IDN, Utsumi T, Mustika S, Amin M, et al. Interleukin-28B polymorphisms and response of chronic hepatitis C patients from Indonesia to Pegylated Interferon/Ribavirin treatment. J Clin Microbiol 2014;52:2193–2195PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Juniastuti K, Wibowo BP, Wibawa IDN, Utsumi T, Mustika S, Amin M, et al. Interleukin-28B polymorphisms and response of chronic hepatitis C patients from Indonesia to Pegylated Interferon/Ribavirin treatment. J Clin Microbiol 2014;52:2193–2195PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
101.
go back to reference Navasa M, Forns X. Antiviral therapy in HCV decompensated cirrhosis: to treat or not to treat. J Hepatol 2007;46:185–188PubMedCrossRef Navasa M, Forns X. Antiviral therapy in HCV decompensated cirrhosis: to treat or not to treat. J Hepatol 2007;46:185–188PubMedCrossRef
102.
go back to reference Berenguer M, Palau A, Aguilera V, Rayón JM, Juan FS, Prieto M. Clinical benefits of antiviral therapy in patients with recurrent hepatitis C following liver transplantation. Am J Transplant 2008;8:679–687PubMedCrossRef Berenguer M, Palau A, Aguilera V, Rayón JM, Juan FS, Prieto M. Clinical benefits of antiviral therapy in patients with recurrent hepatitis C following liver transplantation. Am J Transplant 2008;8:679–687PubMedCrossRef
103.
go back to reference Kwo PY, Mantry PS, Coakley E, Te HS, Vargas HE, Brown R Jr, et al. An interferon-free antiviral regimen for HCV after liver transplantation. N Engl J Med 2014;371:2375–2382PubMedCrossRef Kwo PY, Mantry PS, Coakley E, Te HS, Vargas HE, Brown R Jr, et al. An interferon-free antiviral regimen for HCV after liver transplantation. N Engl J Med 2014;371:2375–2382PubMedCrossRef
104.
go back to reference Foster GR, McLauchlan J, W. Irving, M. Cheung, B. Hudson, S. Verma, K. Agarwal, HCV Research UK EAP Group. Treatment of decompensated HCV cirrhosis in patients with diverse genotypes: 12 weeks sofosbuvir and NS5A inhibitors with/without ribavirin is effective in HCV Genotypes 1 and 3. EASL - The International Liver Congress 2015 50th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver, Vienna, Austria, 22–26 April 2015 Foster GR, McLauchlan J, W. Irving, M. Cheung, B. Hudson, S. Verma, K. Agarwal, HCV Research UK EAP Group. Treatment of decompensated HCV cirrhosis in patients with diverse genotypes: 12 weeks sofosbuvir and NS5A inhibitors with/without ribavirin is effective in HCV Genotypes 1 and 3. EASL - The International Liver Congress 2015 50th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver, Vienna, Austria, 22–26 April 2015
105.
go back to reference Afdhal N, Everson G, McCaughan G, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin for the treatment of chronic HCV with cirrhosis and portal hypertension with and without decompensation: early virologic response and safety. J Hepatol 2014;60:S28CrossRef Afdhal N, Everson G, McCaughan G, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin for the treatment of chronic HCV with cirrhosis and portal hypertension with and without decompensation: early virologic response and safety. J Hepatol 2014;60:S28CrossRef
106.
go back to reference Reddy KR, Lim J, Kuo A, et al. all-oral HCV therapy is safe and effective in patients with decompensated cirrhosis: report from HCV-TARGET. EASL - the international liver congress 2015 50th annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver, Vienna, Austria, 22–26 April 2015 Reddy KR, Lim J, Kuo A, et al. all-oral HCV therapy is safe and effective in patients with decompensated cirrhosis: report from HCV-TARGET. EASL - the international liver congress 2015 50th annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver, Vienna, Austria, 22–26 April 2015
107.
go back to reference Bashar A, Pungpapong S, et al. The use of simeprevir and sofosbuvir to treat HCV G1 in the liver transplant setting: the experience in 3 US Centres. Hepatology 2014;60:260A Bashar A, Pungpapong S, et al. The use of simeprevir and sofosbuvir to treat HCV G1 in the liver transplant setting: the experience in 3 US Centres. Hepatology 2014;60:260A
108.
go back to reference Reddy KR, Everson GT, Flamm SL, Denning JM, Arterburn S, Brandt-Sarif T, et al. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir with ribavirin for the treatment of HCV in patients with post-transplant recurrence: preliminary results of a prospective, multicenter study. Hepatology 2014;60:200A–201ACrossRef Reddy KR, Everson GT, Flamm SL, Denning JM, Arterburn S, Brandt-Sarif T, et al. Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir with ribavirin for the treatment of HCV in patients with post-transplant recurrence: preliminary results of a prospective, multicenter study. Hepatology 2014;60:200A–201ACrossRef
109.
go back to reference Jensen DM, O’Leary JG, Pockros P, et al. Safety and efficacy of sofosbuvir-containing regimens for hepatitis C: real-world experience in a diverse, longitudinal observational cohort. J Hepatol 2014;60:219ACrossRef Jensen DM, O’Leary JG, Pockros P, et al. Safety and efficacy of sofosbuvir-containing regimens for hepatitis C: real-world experience in a diverse, longitudinal observational cohort. J Hepatol 2014;60:219ACrossRef
110.
go back to reference Brown RS, Reddy KRJ, O’Leary JG, Kuo A, Morelli G, Stravitz RT, Durand CM, et al. Safety and efficacy of new DAA-based therapy for hepatitis C post-transplant: interval results from the HCV-TARGET longitudinal, observational study. Hepatology 2014;60:1269A Brown RS, Reddy KRJ, O’Leary JG, Kuo A, Morelli G, Stravitz RT, Durand CM, et al. Safety and efficacy of new DAA-based therapy for hepatitis C post-transplant: interval results from the HCV-TARGET longitudinal, observational study. Hepatology 2014;60:1269A
111.
go back to reference Forns X, Berenguer M, Herzer K, et al. On-treatment virologic response and tolerability of simeprevir, daclatasvir and ribavirin in patients with recurrent hepatitis C virus genotype 1b infection after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT): interim data from the Phase II SATURN study. In: EASL - The International Liver Congress 2015 50th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver, Vienna, Austria, 22–26 April Forns X, Berenguer M, Herzer K, et al. On-treatment virologic response and tolerability of simeprevir, daclatasvir and ribavirin in patients with recurrent hepatitis C virus genotype 1b infection after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT): interim data from the Phase II SATURN study. In: EASL - The International Liver Congress 2015 50th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver, Vienna, Austria, 22–26 April
112.
go back to reference Forns X, Charlton M, Denning J, et al. Sofosbuvir compassionate use program for patients with severe recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation. Hepatology 2015;61:1485–1494PubMedCrossRef Forns X, Charlton M, Denning J, et al. Sofosbuvir compassionate use program for patients with severe recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation. Hepatology 2015;61:1485–1494PubMedCrossRef
113.
go back to reference Leroy V, Dumortier J, Coilly A, Sebagh M, Fougerou-Leurenl C, Radenne S, Bolla D, et al. High rates of virological response and major clinical improvement during sofosbuvir and daclatasvir-based regimens for the treatment of fibrosing cholestatic HCV recurrence after liver transplantation: the ANRS CO23 CUPILT study. Hepatology 2014;60:207A Leroy V, Dumortier J, Coilly A, Sebagh M, Fougerou-Leurenl C, Radenne S, Bolla D, et al. High rates of virological response and major clinical improvement during sofosbuvir and daclatasvir-based regimens for the treatment of fibrosing cholestatic HCV recurrence after liver transplantation: the ANRS CO23 CUPILT study. Hepatology 2014;60:207A
114.
go back to reference Coilly A, Fougerou C, De Ledinghen V, et al. The association of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir for treating severe recurrence of HCV infection after liver transplantation. EASL - The International Liver Congress 2015 50th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver, Vienna, Austria, 22–26 April 2015 Coilly A, Fougerou C, De Ledinghen V, et al. The association of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir for treating severe recurrence of HCV infection after liver transplantation. EASL - The International Liver Congress 2015 50th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver, Vienna, Austria, 22–26 April 2015
115.
go back to reference Fissel RB, Bragg-Gresham JL, Woods JD, Jadoul M, Gillespie B, Heddewick SA, et al. Patterns of hepatitis C prevalence and seroconversion in hemodialysis units from three continents: the DOPPS. Kidney Int 2004;65:2335–2342CrossRef Fissel RB, Bragg-Gresham JL, Woods JD, Jadoul M, Gillespie B, Heddewick SA, et al. Patterns of hepatitis C prevalence and seroconversion in hemodialysis units from three continents: the DOPPS. Kidney Int 2004;65:2335–2342CrossRef
116.
go back to reference Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (2008) KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hepatitis C in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl (109):S1-99 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (2008) KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hepatitis C in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl (109):S1-99
117.
go back to reference Butt AA, Skanderson M, McGinnis KA, Ahuja T, Bryce CL, Barnato AE, et al. Impact of hepatitis C virus infection and other comorbidities on survival in patients on dialysis. J Viral Hepat 2007;14:688–696PubMed Butt AA, Skanderson M, McGinnis KA, Ahuja T, Bryce CL, Barnato AE, et al. Impact of hepatitis C virus infection and other comorbidities on survival in patients on dialysis. J Viral Hepat 2007;14:688–696PubMed
118.
go back to reference Henderson WA, Shankar R, Gill JM, Kim KH, Ghany MG, Skanderson M, et al. Hepatitis C progressing to hepatocellular carcinoma: the HCV dialysis patient in dilemma. J Viral Hepat 2010;17:59–64PubMedCrossRef Henderson WA, Shankar R, Gill JM, Kim KH, Ghany MG, Skanderson M, et al. Hepatitis C progressing to hepatocellular carcinoma: the HCV dialysis patient in dilemma. J Viral Hepat 2010;17:59–64PubMedCrossRef
119.
go back to reference Pineda JA, Romero-Gómez M, Díaz-García F, Girón-González JA, Montero JL, Torre-Cisneros J, et al. HIV co-infection shortens the survival of patients with hepatitis C virus-related decompensated cirrhosis. Hepatology 2005;41(4):779–789PubMedCrossRef Pineda JA, Romero-Gómez M, Díaz-García F, Girón-González JA, Montero JL, Torre-Cisneros J, et al. HIV co-infection shortens the survival of patients with hepatitis C virus-related decompensated cirrhosis. Hepatology 2005;41(4):779–789PubMedCrossRef
120.
go back to reference Macías J, Márquez M, Téllez F, Merino D, Jiménez-Aguilar P, López-Cortés LF, et al. Risk of liver decompensation among HIV/hepatitis C virus-co-infected individuals with advanced fibrosis: implications for the timing of therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2013;57:1401–1408PubMedCrossRef Macías J, Márquez M, Téllez F, Merino D, Jiménez-Aguilar P, López-Cortés LF, et al. Risk of liver decompensation among HIV/hepatitis C virus-co-infected individuals with advanced fibrosis: implications for the timing of therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2013;57:1401–1408PubMedCrossRef
121.
go back to reference Alves JP, Peres S, Borges F, Miranda AC, Baptista T, Ventura F, et al. Risk of liver decompensation assessed in HIV/HCV co-infected individuals with advanced liver fibrosis: a faster countdown experience. J Int AIDS Soc 2014;17(4 Suppl 3):19641PubMed Alves JP, Peres S, Borges F, Miranda AC, Baptista T, Ventura F, et al. Risk of liver decompensation assessed in HIV/HCV co-infected individuals with advanced liver fibrosis: a faster countdown experience. J Int AIDS Soc 2014;17(4 Suppl 3):19641PubMed
122.
go back to reference Osinusi A, Townsend K, Kohli A, Nelson A, Seamon C, Meissner EG, et al. Virologic response following combined ledipasvir and sofosbuvir administration in patients with HCV genotype 1 and HIV co-infection. JAMA 2015;313:1232–1239PubMedCrossRef Osinusi A, Townsend K, Kohli A, Nelson A, Seamon C, Meissner EG, et al. Virologic response following combined ledipasvir and sofosbuvir administration in patients with HCV genotype 1 and HIV co-infection. JAMA 2015;313:1232–1239PubMedCrossRef
123.
go back to reference Coppola N, Martini S, Pisaturo M, Sagnelli C, Filippini P, Sagnelli E. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients with HCV/HIV co-infection. World J Virol 2015;4:1–12PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Coppola N, Martini S, Pisaturo M, Sagnelli C, Filippini P, Sagnelli E. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C in patients with HCV/HIV co-infection. World J Virol 2015;4:1–12PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
125.
go back to reference Sharma SA, Feld JJ. Management of HCV in cirrhosis-a rapidly evolving landscape. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2015;17:443PubMedCrossRef Sharma SA, Feld JJ. Management of HCV in cirrhosis-a rapidly evolving landscape. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2015;17:443PubMedCrossRef
126.
go back to reference Limketkai BN, Mehta SH, Sutcliffe CG, et al. Relationship of liver disease stage and antiviral therapy with liver-related events and death in adults co-infected with HIV/HCV. JAMA 2012;308:370–378PubMedCrossRef Limketkai BN, Mehta SH, Sutcliffe CG, et al. Relationship of liver disease stage and antiviral therapy with liver-related events and death in adults co-infected with HIV/HCV. JAMA 2012;308:370–378PubMedCrossRef
127.
go back to reference Mira JA, Rivero-Juárez A, López-Cortes LF, et al. Benefits from sustained virologic response to pegylated interferon plus ribavirin in HIV/hepatitis C virus co-infected patients with compensated cirrhosis. Clin Infect Dis 2013;56:1646–1653PubMedCrossRef Mira JA, Rivero-Juárez A, López-Cortes LF, et al. Benefits from sustained virologic response to pegylated interferon plus ribavirin in HIV/hepatitis C virus co-infected patients with compensated cirrhosis. Clin Infect Dis 2013;56:1646–1653PubMedCrossRef
128.
go back to reference Nunez M, Marino A, Miralles C, Berdun MA, Sola J, Hernandez-Burruezo JJ, et al. Baseline serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA level and response at week 4 are the best predictors of relapse after treatment with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin in HIV/HCV-co-infected patients. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2007;45:439–444PubMedCrossRef Nunez M, Marino A, Miralles C, Berdun MA, Sola J, Hernandez-Burruezo JJ, et al. Baseline serum hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA level and response at week 4 are the best predictors of relapse after treatment with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin in HIV/HCV-co-infected patients. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2007;45:439–444PubMedCrossRef
129.
go back to reference Martin-Carbonero L, Nunez M, Marino A, Alcocer F, Bonet L, Garcia-Samaniego J, et al. Undetectable hepatitis C virus RNA at week 4 as predictor of sustained virological response in HIV patients with chronic hepatitis C. AIDS 2008;22:15–21PubMedCrossRef Martin-Carbonero L, Nunez M, Marino A, Alcocer F, Bonet L, Garcia-Samaniego J, et al. Undetectable hepatitis C virus RNA at week 4 as predictor of sustained virological response in HIV patients with chronic hepatitis C. AIDS 2008;22:15–21PubMedCrossRef
130.
go back to reference Berenguer J, Alvarez-Pellicer J, Martin PM, Lopez-Aldeguer J, Von-Wichmann MA, Quereda C, et al. Sustained virological response to interferon plus ribavirin reduces liver-related complications and mortality in patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus. Hepatology 2009;50:407–413PubMedCrossRef Berenguer J, Alvarez-Pellicer J, Martin PM, Lopez-Aldeguer J, Von-Wichmann MA, Quereda C, et al. Sustained virological response to interferon plus ribavirin reduces liver-related complications and mortality in patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus. Hepatology 2009;50:407–413PubMedCrossRef
131.
go back to reference Pineda JA, Caruz A, Rivero A, Neukam K, Salas I, Camacho A, et al. Prediction of response to pegylated interferon plus ribavirin by IL28B gene variation in patients co-infected with HIV and hepatitis C virus. Clin Infect Dis 2010;51:788–795PubMedCrossRef Pineda JA, Caruz A, Rivero A, Neukam K, Salas I, Camacho A, et al. Prediction of response to pegylated interferon plus ribavirin by IL28B gene variation in patients co-infected with HIV and hepatitis C virus. Clin Infect Dis 2010;51:788–795PubMedCrossRef
132.
go back to reference Clausen LN, Weis N, Astvad K, Schonning K, Fenger M, Krarup H, et al. Interleukin-28B polymorphisms are associated with hepatitis C virus clearance and viral load in a HIV-1-infected cohort. J Viral Hepat 2011;18:e66–e74PubMedCrossRef Clausen LN, Weis N, Astvad K, Schonning K, Fenger M, Krarup H, et al. Interleukin-28B polymorphisms are associated with hepatitis C virus clearance and viral load in a HIV-1-infected cohort. J Viral Hepat 2011;18:e66–e74PubMedCrossRef
133.
go back to reference Rallon NI, Naggie S, Benito JM, Medrano J, Restrepo C, Goldstein D, et al. Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism near the interleukin-28B gene with response to hepatitis C therapy in HIV/hepatitis C virus-co-infected patients. AIDS 2010;24:F23–F29PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Rallon NI, Naggie S, Benito JM, Medrano J, Restrepo C, Goldstein D, et al. Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism near the interleukin-28B gene with response to hepatitis C therapy in HIV/hepatitis C virus-co-infected patients. AIDS 2010;24:F23–F29PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
134.
go back to reference Liu CJ, Chuang WL, Lee CM, Yu ML, Lu SN, Wu SS, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for the treatment of dual chronic infection with hepatitis B and C viruses. Gastroenterology 2009;136:496–504PubMedCrossRef Liu CJ, Chuang WL, Lee CM, Yu ML, Lu SN, Wu SS, et al. Peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for the treatment of dual chronic infection with hepatitis B and C viruses. Gastroenterology 2009;136:496–504PubMedCrossRef
135.
go back to reference Potthoff A, Berg T, Wedemeyer H. Late hepatitis B virus relapse in patients co-infected with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus after antiviral treatment with pegylated interferon-a2b and ribavirin. Scand J Gastroenterol 2009;44:1487–1490PubMedCrossRef Potthoff A, Berg T, Wedemeyer H. Late hepatitis B virus relapse in patients co-infected with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus after antiviral treatment with pegylated interferon-a2b and ribavirin. Scand J Gastroenterol 2009;44:1487–1490PubMedCrossRef
136.
go back to reference Yeh ML, Hung CH, Huang JF, Liu CJ, Lee CM, Dai CY, et al. Long-term effect of interferon plus ribavirin on hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance in patients dually infected with hepatitis B and C viruses. PLoS One 2011;6:e20752PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef Yeh ML, Hung CH, Huang JF, Liu CJ, Lee CM, Dai CY, et al. Long-term effect of interferon plus ribavirin on hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance in patients dually infected with hepatitis B and C viruses. PLoS One 2011;6:e20752PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
137.
go back to reference Yu ML, Lee CM, Chuang WL, Lu SN, Dai CY, Huang JF, et al. HBsAg profiles in patients receiving peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for the treatment of dual chronic infection with hepatitis B and C viruses. J Infect Dis 2010;202:86–92PubMedCrossRef Yu ML, Lee CM, Chuang WL, Lu SN, Dai CY, Huang JF, et al. HBsAg profiles in patients receiving peginterferon alfa-2a plus ribavirin for the treatment of dual chronic infection with hepatitis B and C viruses. J Infect Dis 2010;202:86–92PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
APASL consensus statements and recommendation on treatment of hepatitis C
Authors
Masao Omata
Tatsuo Kanda
Lai Wei
Ming-Lung Yu
Wang-Long Chuang
Alaaeldin Ibrahim
Cosmas Rinaldi Adithya Lesmana
Jose Sollano
Manoj Kumar
Ankur Jindal
Barjesh Chander Sharma
Saeed S. Hamid
A. Kadir Dokmeci
Mamun-Al-Mahtab
Geofferey W. McCaughan
Jafri Wasim
Darrell H. G. Crawford
Jia-Horng Kao
Osamu Yokosuka
George K. K. Lau
Shiv Kumar Sarin
Publication date
01-09-2016
Publisher
Springer India
Published in
Hepatology International / Issue 5/2016
Print ISSN: 1936-0533
Electronic ISSN: 1936-0541
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12072-016-9717-6

Other articles of this Issue 5/2016

Hepatology International 5/2016 Go to the issue
Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Highlights from the ACC 2024 Congress

Year in Review: Pediatric cardiology

Watch Dr. Anne Marie Valente present the last year's highlights in pediatric and congenital heart disease in the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Pulmonary vascular disease

The last year's highlights in pulmonary vascular disease are presented by Dr. Jane Leopold in this official video from ACC.24.

Year in Review: Valvular heart disease

Watch Prof. William Zoghbi present the last year's highlights in valvular heart disease from the official ACC.24 Year in Review session.

Year in Review: Heart failure and cardiomyopathies

Watch this official video from ACC.24. Dr. Biykem Bozkurt discuss last year's major advances in heart failure and cardiomyopathies.