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Acta Neuropathologica
Published in: Acta Neuropathologica 6/2019

01-12-2019 | Alzheimer's Disease | Original Paper

Aβ-induced acceleration of Alzheimer-related τ-pathology spreading and its association with prion protein

Authors: Luis Aragão Gomes, Silvia Andrea Hipp, Ajeet Rijal Upadhaya, Karthikeyan Balakrishnan, Simona Ospitalieri, Marta J. Koper, Pablo Largo-Barrientos, Valerie Uytterhoeven, Julia Reichwald, Sabine Rabe, Rik Vandenberghe, Christine A. F. von Arnim, Thomas Tousseyn, Regina Feederle, Camilla Giudici, Michael Willem, Matthias Staufenbiel, Dietmar Rudolf Thal

Published in: Acta Neuropathologica | Issue 6/2019

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Abstract

Extracellular deposition of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) in amyloid plaques and intracellular accumulation of abnormally phosphorylated τ-protein (p-τ) in neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) represent pathological hallmark lesions of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Both lesions develop in parallel in the human brain throughout the preclinical and clinical course of AD. Nevertheless, it is not yet clear whether there is a direct link between Aβ and τ pathology or whether other proteins are involved in this process. To address this question, we crossed amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice overexpressing human APP with the Swedish mutation (670/671 KM → NL) (APP23), human wild-type APP (APP51/16), or a proenkephalin signal peptide linked to human Aβ42 (APP48) with τ-transgenic mice overexpressing human mutant 4-repeat τ-protein with the P301S mutation (TAU58). In 6-month-old APP23xTAU58 and APP51/16xTAU58 mice, soluble Aβ was associated with the aggravation of p-τ pathology propagation into the CA1/subiculum region, whereas 6-month-old TAU58 and APP48xTAU58 mice neither exhibited significant amounts of p-τ pathology in the CA1/subiculum region nor displayed significant levels of soluble Aβ in the forebrain. In APP23xTAU58 and APP51/16xTAU58 mice showing an acceleration of p-τ propagation, Aβ and p-τ were co-immunoprecipitated with cellular prion protein (PrPC). A similar interaction between PrPC, p-τ and Aβ was observed in human AD brains. This association was particularly noticed in 60% of the symptomatic AD cases in our sample, suggesting that PrPC may play a role in the progression of AD pathology. An in vitro pull-down assay confirmed that PrPC is capable of interacting with Aβ and p-τ. Using a proximity ligation assay, we could demonstrate proximity (less than ~ 30–40 nm distance) between PrPC and Aβ and between PrPC and p-τ in APP23xTAU58 mouse brain as well as in human AD brain. Proximity between PrPC and p-τ was also seen in APP51/16xTAU58, APP48xTAU58, and TAU58 mice. Based on these findings, it is tempting to speculate that PrPC is a critical player in the interplay between Aβ and p-τ propagation at least in a large group of AD cases. Preexisting p-τ pathology interacting with PrPC, thereby, appears to be a prerequisite for Aβ to function as a p-τ pathology accelerator via PrPC.
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Metadata
Title
Aβ-induced acceleration of Alzheimer-related τ-pathology spreading and its association with prion protein
Authors
Luis Aragão Gomes
Silvia Andrea Hipp
Ajeet Rijal Upadhaya
Karthikeyan Balakrishnan
Simona Ospitalieri
Marta J. Koper
Pablo Largo-Barrientos
Valerie Uytterhoeven
Julia Reichwald
Sabine Rabe
Rik Vandenberghe
Christine A. F. von Arnim
Thomas Tousseyn
Regina Feederle
Camilla Giudici
Michael Willem
Matthias Staufenbiel
Dietmar Rudolf Thal
Publication date
01-12-2019
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Acta Neuropathologica / Issue 6/2019
Print ISSN: 0001-6322
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0533
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-019-02053-5

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