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Molecular Neurodegeneration
Published in: Molecular Neurodegeneration 1/2011

Open Access 01-12-2011 | Review

Alzheimer's disease: synapses gone cold

Authors: Robert M Koffie, Bradley T Hyman, Tara L Spires-Jones

Published in: Molecular Neurodegeneration | Issue 1/2011

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Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by insidious cognitive decline and memory dysfunction. Synapse loss is the best pathological correlate of cognitive decline in AD and mounting evidence suggests that AD is primarily a disease of synaptic dysfunction. Soluble oligomeric forms of amyloid beta (Aβ), the peptide that aggregates to form senile plaques in the brain of AD patients, have been shown to be toxic to neuronal synapses both in vitro and in vivo. Aβ oligomers inhibit long-term potentiation (LTP) and facilitate long-term depression (LTD), electrophysiological correlates of memory formation. Furthermore, oligomeric Aβ has also been shown to induce synapse loss and cognitive impairment in animals. The molecular underpinnings of these observations are now being elucidated, and may provide clear therapeutic targets for effectively treating the disease. Here, we review recent findings concerning AD pathogenesis with a particular focus on how Aβ impacts synapses.
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Metadata
Title
Alzheimer's disease: synapses gone cold
Authors
Robert M Koffie
Bradley T Hyman
Tara L Spires-Jones
Publication date
01-12-2011
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Molecular Neurodegeneration / Issue 1/2011
Electronic ISSN: 1750-1326
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1750-1326-6-63

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