Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Trials 1/2022

Open Access 01-12-2022 | Mood Disorders | Study protocol

Effectiveness of the Unified Barlow Protocol (UP) and neuropsychological treatment in cancer survivors for cognitive impairments: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Authors: Francisco García-Torres, Adrián Tejero-Perea, Ángel Gómez-Solís, Rosario Castillo-Mayén, Maria José Jaén-Moreno, Bárbara Luque, Mario Gálvez-Lara, Araceli Sánchez-Raya, Marcin Jablonski, Beatriz Rodríguez-Alonso, Enrique Aranda

Published in: Trials | Issue 1/2022

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Cancer survivors frequently develop cognitive impairment, which negatively affects their quality of life and emotional well-being. This study compares the effectiveness of a well-established treatment (neuropsychological treatment) with the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders (UP) to reduce these cognitive deficits and evaluate the effect of both treatments on anxiety-depressive symptoms and the quality of life of cancer survivors.

Methods

A three-arm, randomized superiority clinical trial with a pre-post and repeated follow-up measures intergroup design using a 1:1:1 allocation ratio will be performed. One hundred and twenty-three cancer survivors with mild to moderate cognitive impairment will be randomly assigned to one of the study interventions: a cognitive rehabilitation intervention group, an intervention group with UP intervention, or a control group on the waiting list. The primary outcome is to observe a significant improvement in cognitive function in both intervention groups and a significant decrease in emotional impairments in comparison with the waitlist group. Improvements in anxiety, depression, and quality of life are also expected as secondary outcomes. These results will be maintained at 6 months of follow-up.

Discussion

The aim of this trial is to test the efficacy of the UP intervention in reducing cognitive deficits in breast cancer survivors. The results of this trial may be useful in reducing the presence of cognitive problems in cancer survivors and improving their emotional state and quality of life.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.​gov NCT05289258. Registered 12 March 2022, v01.
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
3.
go back to reference Hutterer M, Oberndorfer S. Cognitive impairment in cancer patients and survivors—clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. memo-Magazine of European. Med Oncol. 2021;14(2):157–67. Hutterer M, Oberndorfer S. Cognitive impairment in cancer patients and survivors—clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. memo-Magazine of European. Med Oncol. 2021;14(2):157–67.
4.
go back to reference Jia M, Zhang X, Wei L, Gao J. Measurement, outcomes and interventions of cognitive function after breast cancer treatment: a narrative review. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol. 2021;17(4):321–9.CrossRef Jia M, Zhang X, Wei L, Gao J. Measurement, outcomes and interventions of cognitive function after breast cancer treatment: a narrative review. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol. 2021;17(4):321–9.CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Shaw C, Baldwin A, Anderson C. Cognitive effects of chemotherapy: An integrative review. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2021;54:102042.CrossRef Shaw C, Baldwin A, Anderson C. Cognitive effects of chemotherapy: An integrative review. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2021;54:102042.CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Wefel JS, Saleeba AK, Buzdar AU, Meyers CA. Acute and late onset cognitive dysfunction associated with chemotherapy in women with breast cancer. Cancer. 2010;116(14):3348–56.CrossRef Wefel JS, Saleeba AK, Buzdar AU, Meyers CA. Acute and late onset cognitive dysfunction associated with chemotherapy in women with breast cancer. Cancer. 2010;116(14):3348–56.CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Collins B, MacKenzie J, Tasca GA, Scherling C, Smith A. Persistent cognitive changes in breast cancer patients 1 year following completion of chemotherapy. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2014;20(4):370–9.CrossRef Collins B, MacKenzie J, Tasca GA, Scherling C, Smith A. Persistent cognitive changes in breast cancer patients 1 year following completion of chemotherapy. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2014;20(4):370–9.CrossRef
8.
go back to reference King S, Green HJ. Psychological intervention for improving cognitive function in cancer survivors: a literature review and randomized controlled trial. Front Oncol. 2015;5:72.CrossRef King S, Green HJ. Psychological intervention for improving cognitive function in cancer survivors: a literature review and randomized controlled trial. Front Oncol. 2015;5:72.CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Ercoli LM, Petersen L, Hunter AM, Castellon SA, Kwan L, Kahn-Mills BA, et al. Cognitive rehabilitation group intervention for breast cancer survivors: results of a randomized clinical trial. Psychooncology. 2015;24(11):1360–7.CrossRef Ercoli LM, Petersen L, Hunter AM, Castellon SA, Kwan L, Kahn-Mills BA, et al. Cognitive rehabilitation group intervention for breast cancer survivors: results of a randomized clinical trial. Psychooncology. 2015;24(11):1360–7.CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Bray VJ, Dhillon HM, Bell ML, Kabourakis M, Fiero MH, Yip D, et al. Evaluation of a web-based cognitive rehabilitation program in cancer survivors reporting cognitive symptoms after chemotherapy. Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2017;35(2):217–25.CrossRef Bray VJ, Dhillon HM, Bell ML, Kabourakis M, Fiero MH, Yip D, et al. Evaluation of a web-based cognitive rehabilitation program in cancer survivors reporting cognitive symptoms after chemotherapy. Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2017;35(2):217–25.CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Bail J, Meneses K. Computer-Based Cognitive Training for Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment in Breast Cancer Survivors. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2016;20(5):504–9.CrossRef Bail J, Meneses K. Computer-Based Cognitive Training for Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment in Breast Cancer Survivors. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2016;20(5):504–9.CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Dos Santos M, Hardy-Léger I, Rigal O, Licaj I, Dauchy S, Levy C, et al. Cognitive rehabilitation program to improve cognition of cancer patients treated with chemotherapy: A 3-arm randomized trial. Cancer. 2020;126(24):5328–36.CrossRef Dos Santos M, Hardy-Léger I, Rigal O, Licaj I, Dauchy S, Levy C, et al. Cognitive rehabilitation program to improve cognition of cancer patients treated with chemotherapy: A 3-arm randomized trial. Cancer. 2020;126(24):5328–36.CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Atallah M, Cooper B, Muñoz RF, Paul SM, Anguera J, Levine JD, et al. Psychological symptoms and stress are associated with decrements in attentional function in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Cancer Nurs. 2020;43(5):402–10.CrossRef Atallah M, Cooper B, Muñoz RF, Paul SM, Anguera J, Levine JD, et al. Psychological symptoms and stress are associated with decrements in attentional function in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Cancer Nurs. 2020;43(5):402–10.CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Henneghan A, Stuifbergen A, Becker H, Kesler S, King E. Modifiable correlates of perceived cognitive function in breast cancer survivors up to 10 years after chemotherapy completion. J Cancer Surviv. 2018;12(2):224–33.CrossRef Henneghan A, Stuifbergen A, Becker H, Kesler S, King E. Modifiable correlates of perceived cognitive function in breast cancer survivors up to 10 years after chemotherapy completion. J Cancer Surviv. 2018;12(2):224–33.CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Menning S, de Ruiter MB, Kieffer JM, van Rentergem JA, Veltman DJ, Fruijtier A, et al. Cognitive impairment in a subset of breast cancer patients after systemic therapy—results from a longitudinal study. J Pain Symptom Manag. 2016;52(4):560–9.CrossRef Menning S, de Ruiter MB, Kieffer JM, van Rentergem JA, Veltman DJ, Fruijtier A, et al. Cognitive impairment in a subset of breast cancer patients after systemic therapy—results from a longitudinal study. J Pain Symptom Manag. 2016;52(4):560–9.CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Ramalho M, Fontes F, Ruano L, Pereira S, Lunet N. Cognitive impairment in the first year after breast cancer diagnosis: a prospective cohort study. Breast. 2017;32:173–8.CrossRef Ramalho M, Fontes F, Ruano L, Pereira S, Lunet N. Cognitive impairment in the first year after breast cancer diagnosis: a prospective cohort study. Breast. 2017;32:173–8.CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Jobe JB, Smith DM, Ball K, Tennstedt SL, Marsiske M, Willis SL, et al. ACTIVE: a cognitive intervention trial to promote independence in older adults. Control Clin Trials. 2001;22(4):453–79.CrossRef Jobe JB, Smith DM, Ball K, Tennstedt SL, Marsiske M, Willis SL, et al. ACTIVE: a cognitive intervention trial to promote independence in older adults. Control Clin Trials. 2001;22(4):453–79.CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Mahncke HW, Connor BB, Appelman J, Ahsanuddin ON, Hardy JL, Wood RA, et al. Memory enhancement in healthy older adults using a brain plasticity-based training program: a randomized, controlled study. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103(33):12523–8.CrossRef Mahncke HW, Connor BB, Appelman J, Ahsanuddin ON, Hardy JL, Wood RA, et al. Memory enhancement in healthy older adults using a brain plasticity-based training program: a randomized, controlled study. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103(33):12523–8.CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Barlow DH, Farchione TJ, Fairholme CP, Ellard KK, Boisseau CL, Allen LB, et al. The unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders: Therapist guide. New York: Oxford University Press; 2011. Barlow DH, Farchione TJ, Fairholme CP, Ellard KK, Boisseau CL, Allen LB, et al. The unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders: Therapist guide. New York: Oxford University Press; 2011.
21.
go back to reference Barlow DH, Farchione TJ, Fairholme CP, Ellard KK, Boisseau CL, Allen LB, et al. Protocolo unificado para el tratamiento transdiagnóstico de los trastornos emocionales: Manual del terapeuta y manual del paciente [The unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders: Client workbook and Therapist guide]. Madrid: Alianza Editorial; 2015. Orig., 2011 Barlow DH, Farchione TJ, Fairholme CP, Ellard KK, Boisseau CL, Allen LB, et al. Protocolo unificado para el tratamiento transdiagnóstico de los trastornos emocionales: Manual del terapeuta y manual del paciente [The unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders: Client workbook and Therapist guide]. Madrid: Alianza Editorial; 2015. Orig., 2011
23.
go back to reference Hermelink K, Untch M, Lux MP, Kreienberg R, Beck T, Bauerfeind I, et al. Cognitive function during neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: results of a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal study. Cancer. 2007;109(9):1905–13.CrossRef Hermelink K, Untch M, Lux MP, Kreienberg R, Beck T, Bauerfeind I, et al. Cognitive function during neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer: results of a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal study. Cancer. 2007;109(9):1905–13.CrossRef
25.
go back to reference Osoba D, Rodrigues G, Myles J, Zee B, Pater J. Interpreting the significance of changes in health-related quality-of-life scores. J Clin Oncol. 1998;16(1):139–44.CrossRef Osoba D, Rodrigues G, Myles J, Zee B, Pater J. Interpreting the significance of changes in health-related quality-of-life scores. J Clin Oncol. 1998;16(1):139–44.CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Snyder CF, Blackford AL, Sussman J, Bainbridge D, Howell D, Seow HY, et al. Identifying changes in scores on the EORTC-QLQ-C30 representing a change in patients’ supportive care needs. Qual Life Res. 2015;24(5):1207–16.CrossRef Snyder CF, Blackford AL, Sussman J, Bainbridge D, Howell D, Seow HY, et al. Identifying changes in scores on the EORTC-QLQ-C30 representing a change in patients’ supportive care needs. Qual Life Res. 2015;24(5):1207–16.CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Park JH, Bae SH, Jung YS, Jung YM. The psychometric properties of the Korean version of the functional assessment of cancer therapy-cognitive (FACT-Cog) in Korean patients with breast cancer. Support Care Cancer. 2015;23(9):2695–703.CrossRef Park JH, Bae SH, Jung YS, Jung YM. The psychometric properties of the Korean version of the functional assessment of cancer therapy-cognitive (FACT-Cog) in Korean patients with breast cancer. Support Care Cancer. 2015;23(9):2695–703.CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Joly F, Lange M, Rigal O, Correia H, Giffard B, Beaumont JL, et al. French version of the functional assessment of cancer therapy–cognitive function (FACT-Cog) version 3. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20(12):3297–305.CrossRef Joly F, Lange M, Rigal O, Correia H, Giffard B, Beaumont JL, et al. French version of the functional assessment of cancer therapy–cognitive function (FACT-Cog) version 3. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20(12):3297–305.CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Lozoya-Delgado P, de León JMRS, Pedrero-Pérez EJ. Validación de un cuestionario de quejas cognitivas para adultos jóvenes: Relación entre las quejas subjetivas de memoria, la sintomatología prefrontal y el estrés percibido. Rev Neurol. 2012;54(3):137–50.PubMed Lozoya-Delgado P, de León JMRS, Pedrero-Pérez EJ. Validación de un cuestionario de quejas cognitivas para adultos jóvenes: Relación entre las quejas subjetivas de memoria, la sintomatología prefrontal y el estrés percibido. Rev Neurol. 2012;54(3):137–50.PubMed
33.
go back to reference Brandt J, Benedict HRB. Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-revised professional manual. Odessa: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc; 2001. Brandt J, Benedict HRB. Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-revised professional manual. Odessa: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc; 2001.
34.
go back to reference Reitan RM. Validity of the trail making test as an indicator of organic brain damage. Percept Motor Skills. 1958;8:271–6.CrossRef Reitan RM. Validity of the trail making test as an indicator of organic brain damage. Percept Motor Skills. 1958;8:271–6.CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Benton A, Sd H, Sivan A. Multilingual aplasia examination. 2nd ed. Iowa City: AJA Associates; 1983. Benton A, Sd H, Sivan A. Multilingual aplasia examination. 2nd ed. Iowa City: AJA Associates; 1983.
36.
go back to reference Spreen O, Benton AL. Neurosensory Center Comprehensive Examination for Aphasia. Victoria: Neuropsychology Laboratory; 1969. Spreen O, Benton AL. Neurosensory Center Comprehensive Examination for Aphasia. Victoria: Neuropsychology Laboratory; 1969.
37.
go back to reference Zigmond A, Snaith R. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67:361–70.CrossRef Zigmond A, Snaith R. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67:361–70.CrossRef
38.
go back to reference López-Roig S, Terol MC, Pastor MA, Massutí B, Rodríguez-Marín J, Neipp MC, et al. Ansiedad y Depresión. Validación de la escala HAD en pacientes oncológicos. Rev Psicol Salud. 2000;2(12):127–57. López-Roig S, Terol MC, Pastor MA, Massutí B, Rodríguez-Marín J, Neipp MC, et al. Ansiedad y Depresión. Validación de la escala HAD en pacientes oncológicos. Rev Psicol Salud. 2000;2(12):127–57.
40.
go back to reference Sprangers MA, Groenvold M, Arraras JI, Franklin J, te Velde A, Muller M, et al. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer breast cancer-specific quality-of-life questionnaire module: first results from a three-country field study. J Clin Oncol. 1996;14(10):2756–68.CrossRef Sprangers MA, Groenvold M, Arraras JI, Franklin J, te Velde A, Muller M, et al. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer breast cancer-specific quality-of-life questionnaire module: first results from a three-country field study. J Clin Oncol. 1996;14(10):2756–68.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Effectiveness of the Unified Barlow Protocol (UP) and neuropsychological treatment in cancer survivors for cognitive impairments: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors
Francisco García-Torres
Adrián Tejero-Perea
Ángel Gómez-Solís
Rosario Castillo-Mayén
Maria José Jaén-Moreno
Bárbara Luque
Mario Gálvez-Lara
Araceli Sánchez-Raya
Marcin Jablonski
Beatriz Rodríguez-Alonso
Enrique Aranda
Publication date
01-12-2022
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Trials / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 1745-6215
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-022-06731-w

Other articles of this Issue 1/2022

Trials 1/2022 Go to the issue