Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Oral Health
Published in: BMC Oral Health 1/2018

Open Access 01-12-2018 | Research article

Adaptation of child oral health education leaflets for Arabic migrants in Australia: a qualitative study

Authors: Amit Arora, Ibrahim Al-Salti, Hussam Murad, Quang Tran, Rhonda Itaoui, Sameer Bhole, Shilpi Ajwani, Charlotte Jones, Narendar Manohar

Published in: BMC Oral Health | Issue 1/2018

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

The purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of Arabic-speaking mothers views on the usefulness of existing oral health education leaflets aimed at young children and also to record their views on the tailored versions of these leaflets.

Methods

This qualitative study was nested within a large ongoing birth cohort study in South Western Sydney, Australia. Arabic-speaking mothers (n = 19) with young children were purposively selected and approached for a semi-structured interview. Two original English leaflets giving advice on young children’s oral health were sent to mother’s prior to the interview. On the day of interview, mothers were given simplified-English and Arabic versions of both the leaflets and were asked to compare the three versions. Interviews were audio-recorded, subsequently transcribed verbatim and analysed by thematic analysis. Ethical approval was obtained from Human Research Ethics Committees of the former Sydney South West Area Health Service, University of Sydney and Western Sydney University.

Results

Mothers reported that simplified English together with the Arabic version of the leaflets were useful sources of information. Although many mothers favoured the simplified version over original English leaflets, the majority favoured the leaflets in Arabic. Ideally, a “dual Arabic - simplified English leaflet” was preferred. The understanding of key health messages was optimised through a simple layout and visual images.

Conclusions

There is a need to tailor oral health education leaflets for Arabic-speaking migrants. Producers of dental leaflets should also consider a “dual Arabic – simplified English leaflet” to improve oral health knowledge of Arabic-speaking migrants. The use of simple layout and pictures assists Arabic-speaking migrants to understand the content of dental leaflets.
Literature
1.
Arora A, Scott J, Bhole S, Do L, Schwarz E, Blinkhorn A. Early childhood feeding practices and dental caries in preschool children: a multi-centre birth cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:28.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
2.
Mejia G, Amarasena N, Ha D, Roberts-Thomson K, Ellershaw A. Child dental health survey Australia 2007: 30-year trends in child oral health. Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare; 2012.
3.
Ha DH, Roberts-Thomson KF, Arrow P, Peres KG, Do LG. Children’s oral health status in Australia. In: Do LG, Spencer AJ, editors. Oral health of Australian children: the National Child Oral Health Study 2012–14. Adelaide: University of Adelaide Press; 2016. p. 2012–4.
4.
Arora A, Schwarz E, Blinkhorn AS. Risk factors for early childhood caries in disadvantaged populations. J Investig Clin Dent. 2011;2:223–8.CrossRefPubMed
5.
6.
Levine RS, Stillman-Lowe CR. The scientific basis of oral health education. London: British Dental Association; 2009.
7.
Brug J, Steenhuis I, van Assema P, de Vries H. The impact of a computer-tailored nutrition intervention. Prev Med. 1996;25:236–42.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Riggs E, Gibbs L, Kilpatrick N, Gussy M, van Gemert C, Ali S, et al. Breaking down the barriers: a qualitative study to understand child oral health in refugee and migrant communities in Australia. Ethn Health. 2015;20:241–57.CrossRefPubMed
9.
Blinkhorn AS. Influence of social norms on toothbrushing behavior of preschool children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1978;6:222–6.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Fisher-Owens SA, Gansky SA, Platt LJ, Weintraub JA, Soobader M-J, Bramlett MD, et al. Influences on children's oral health: a conceptual model. Pediatrics. 2007;120:e510–e20.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Colledge A, Car J, Donnelly A, Majeed A. Health information for patients: time to look beyond patient information leaflets. J R Soc Med. 2008;101:447–53.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
12.
Baum F. The new public health evolves. In: Baum F, editor. The new public health. 4th ed. Melbourne: Oxford University Press; 2016. p. 33–75.
13.
Nutbeam D. Health literacy as a public health goal: a challenge for contemporary health education and communication strategies into the 21st century. Health Promot Int. 2000;15:259–67.CrossRef
14.
Institute of Medicine Committee on Health Literacy. In: Kindig DA, Panzer AM, Nielsen-Bohlman L, editors. Health literacy: a prescription to end confusion. Washington DC: National Academies Press; 2004.
15.
Arora A, Liu MN, Chan R, Schwarz E. English leaflets are not meant for me’: a qualitative approach to explore oral health literacy in Chinese mothers in southwestern Sydney, Australia. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2012;40:532–41.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Arora A, McNab MA, Lewis MW, Hilton G, Blinkhorn AS, Schwarz E. I can’t relate it to teeth’: a qualitative approach to evaluate oral health education materials for preschool children in new South Wales, Australia. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2012;22:302–9.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Arora A, Nguyen D, Do QV, Nguyen B, Hilton G, Do LG, et al. What do these words mean?’: A qualitative approach to explore oral health literacy in Vietnamese immigrant mothers in Australia. Health Educ J. 2014;73:303–12.CrossRef
18.
Davidson N, Skull S, Calache H, Chesters D, Chalmers J. Equitable access to dental care for an at-risk group: a review of services for Australian refugees. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2007;31:73–80.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Mariño R, Minichiello V, MacEntee MI. Understanding oral health beliefs and practices among Cantonese-speaking older Australians. Australas J Ageing. 2010;29:21–6.CrossRefPubMed
20.
21.
Bryan C. Provider and policy response to reverse the consequences of low health literacy. J Healthc Manag. 2008;53:230.CrossRefPubMed
22.
DeWalt DA, Hink A. Health literacy and child health outcomes: a systematic review of the literature. Pediatrics. 2009;124:S265–S74.CrossRefPubMed
23.
24.
Jackson RD, Eckert GJ. Health literacy in an adult dental research population: a pilot study. J Public Health Dent. 2008;68:196–200.CrossRefPubMed
25.
26.
27.
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Geographic variation in oral health and use of dental services in the Australian population 2004–06. Adelaide: AIHW Dental Statistics and Research Unit, The University of Adelaide; 2009.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
Bolton P, Hammoud S, Leung J. Issues in quality use of medicines in two non-English speaking background communities. Aust J Prim Health. 2002;8:75–80.CrossRef
33.
Naidoo L. Engaging the refugee community of greater western Sydney. Issues in. Educ Res. 2010;20:47–56.
34.
35.
36.
Doak C, Doak L, Root J. Teaching patients with low literacy skills. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company; 1996.
37.
38.
Williamson E, Stecchi JM, Allen BB, Coppens NM. The development of culturally appropriate health education materials. J Nurs Staff Dev. 1997;13:19–23.PubMed
39.
Jones CA, Mawani S, King KM, Allu SO, Smith M, Mohan S, et al. Tackling health literacy: adaptation of public hypertension educational materials for an indo-Asian population in Canada. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:24.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
40.
Arora A, Bedros D, Bhole S, Do LG, Scott J, Blinkhorn A, et al. Child and family health nurses' experiences of oral health of preschool children: a qualitative approach. J Public Health Dent. 2012;72:149–55.CrossRefPubMed
41.
Patton MQ. Qualitative research and evaluation methods 4th ed. Thousands Oaks: SAGE Publications; 2015.
42.
Marshall C, Rossman GB. Designing qualitative research. 6th ed. Newbury Park: SAGE Publications; 2016.
43.
Liamputtong P. Qualitative research methods. 4th ed. South Melbourne: Oxford University Press; 2013.
44.
45.
Blinkhorn A, Gittani J. A qualitative evaluation of the views of community workers on the dental health education material available in new South Wales for culturally and linguistically diverse communities. Health Educ J. 2009;68:314–9.CrossRef
46.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2010. 2nd ed. Washington DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2000.
47.
Arora A, Lam ASF, Karami Z, Do LG, Harris MF. How readable are Australian paediatric oral health education materials? BMC Oral Health. 2014;14:1.CrossRef
48.
Canales S, Ganz P, Coscarelli C. Translation and validation of a quality of life instrument for Hispanic American cancer patients: methodological considerations. Qual Life Res. 1995;4:3–11.CrossRefPubMed
49.
Daley CM, Cowan P, Nollen NL, Greiner KA, Choi WS. Assessing the scientific accuracy, readability, and cultural appropriateness of a culturally targeted smoking cessation program for American Indians. Health Promot Pract. 2009;10:386–93.CrossRef
50.
Hanna L, Hunt S, Bhopal RS. Cross-cultural adaptation of a tobacco questionnaire for Punjabi, Cantonese, Urdu and Sylheti speakers: qualitative research for better clinical practice, cessation services and research. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2006;60:1034–9.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
51.
Kwan S. Transcultural oral health care: 2. Developing transcultural oral health promotional materials. Dent Update. 2000;27:346–8.CrossRefPubMed
52.
53.
Palmer J. Arabic diglossia: teaching only the standard variety is a disservice to students. Arizona Working Papers in SLA & Teaching. 2007;14:111–22.
54.
Houts PS, Doak CC, Doak LG, Loscalzo MJ. The role of pictures in improving health communication: a review of research on attention, comprehension, recall, and adherence. Patient Educ Couns. 2006;61:173–90.CrossRefPubMed
55.
Katz MG, Kripalani S, Weiss BD. Use of pictorial aids in medication instructions: a review of the literature. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2006;63:2391–8.CrossRefPubMed
56.
Sansgiry SS, Cady PS, Adamcik BA. Consumer comprehension of information on over-the-counter medication labels: effects of picture superiority and individual differences based on age. J Pharm Mark Manage. 1997;11:63–76.
57.
Callow J. Images, politics and multiliteracies: using a visual metalanguage. Aust J Lang Lit. 2006;29:7.
58.
Järviluoma H, Moisala P, Vilkko A. Gender and qualitative methods. London: SAGE Publications; 2004.
Metadata
Title
Adaptation of child oral health education leaflets for Arabic migrants in Australia: a qualitative study
Authors
Amit Arora
Ibrahim Al-Salti
Hussam Murad
Quang Tran
Rhonda Itaoui
Sameer Bhole
Shilpi Ajwani
Charlotte Jones
Narendar Manohar
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Oral Health / Issue 1/2018
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6831
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-017-0469-z

Other articles of this Issue 1/2018

BMC Oral Health 1/2018 Go to the issue

Research article

The role of three interleukin 10 gene polymorphisms (− 1082 A > G, − 819 C > T, − 592 A > C) in the risk of chronic and aggressive periodontitis: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis

Research article

Root form and canal morphology of maxillary first premolars of a Yemeni population

Research article

Current status of nylon teeth myth in Tanzania: a cross sectional study

Research article

Panoramic radiographs and quantitative ultrasound of the radius and phalanx III to assess bone mineral status in postmenopausal women

Research article

Assessment of oral health and cost of care for a group of refugees in Germany: a cross-sectional study

Research article

Attitudes towards tooth fillings in Tanzanian adults and its association with previous filling experience