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Journal of Translational Medicine
Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine 1/2021

Open Access 01-12-2021 | Acute Respiratory Distress-Syndrome | Review

Therapeutic mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells in acute respiratory distress syndrome reveal potentials for Covid-19 treatment

Authors: Wendi Wang, Wei Lei, Lina Jiang, Siqi Gao, Shijun Hu, Zi-Gang Zhao, Chun-Yu Niu, Zhen-Ao Zhao

Published in: Journal of Translational Medicine | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

The mortality rate of critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is 30.9% to 46.1%. The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has become a global issue with raising dire concerns. Patients with severe Covid-19 may progress toward ARDS. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be derived from bone marrow, umbilical cord, adipose tissue and so on. The easy accessibility and low immunogenicity enable MSCs for allogeneic administration, and thus they were widely used in animal and clinical studies. Accumulating evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cell infusion can ameliorate ARDS. However, the underlying mechanisms of MSCs need to be discussed. Recent studies showed MSCs can modulate immune/inflammatory cells, attenuate endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inhibit pulmonary fibrosis. The paracrine cytokines and exosomes may account for these beneficial effects. In this review, we summarize the therapeutic mechanisms of MSCs in ARDS, analyzed the most recent animal experiments and Covid-19 clinical trial results, discussed the adverse effects and prospects in the recent studies, and highlight the potential roles of MSC therapy for Covid-19 patients with ARDS.
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Metadata
Title
Therapeutic mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells in acute respiratory distress syndrome reveal potentials for Covid-19 treatment
Authors
Wendi Wang
Wei Lei
Lina Jiang
Siqi Gao
Shijun Hu
Zi-Gang Zhao
Chun-Yu Niu
Zhen-Ao Zhao
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Translational Medicine / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1479-5876
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-021-02862-x

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