Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Annals of Intensive Care
Published in: Annals of Intensive Care 1/2016

Open Access 01-12-2016 | Expert Recommendations

Acute kidney injury in the perioperative period and in intensive care units (excluding renal replacement therapies)

Authors: Carole Ichai, Christophe Vinsonneau, Bertrand Souweine, Fabien Armando, Emmanuel Canet, Christophe Clec’h, Jean-Michel Constantin, Michaël Darmon, Jacques Duranteau, Théophille Gaillot, Arnaud Garnier, Laurent Jacob, Olivier Joannes-Boyau, Laurent Juillard, Didier Journois, Alexandre Lautrette, Laurent Muller, Matthieu Legrand, Nicolas Lerolle, Thomas Rimmelé, Eric Rondeau, Fabienne Tamion, Yannick Walrave, Lionel Velly, Société française d’anesthésie et de réanimation (Sfar), Société de réanimation de langue française (SRLF), Groupe francophone de réanimation et urgences pédiatriques (GFRUP), Société française de néphrologie (SFN)

Published in: Annals of Intensive Care | Issue 1/2016

Login to get access

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome that has progressed a great deal over the last 20 years. The decrease in urine output and the increase in classical renal biomarkers, such as blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, have largely been used as surrogate markers for decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which defines AKI. However, using such markers of GFR as criteria for diagnosing AKI has several limits including the difficult diagnosis of non-organic AKI, also called “functional renal insufficiency” or “pre-renal insufficiency”. This situation is characterized by an oliguria and an increase in creatininemia as a consequence of a reduction in renal blood flow related to systemic haemodynamic abnormalities. In this situation, “renal insufficiency” seems rather inappropriate as kidney function is not impaired. On the contrary, the kidney delivers an appropriate response aiming to recover optimal systemic physiological haemodynamic conditions. Considering the kidney as insufficient is erroneous because this suggests that it does not work correctly, whereas the opposite is occurring, because the kidney is healthy even in a threatening situation. With current definitions of AKI, normalization of volaemia is needed before defining AKI in order to avoid this pitfall.
Literature
1.
The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Working Group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for acute kidney injury. Kidney Int Suppl. 2012;2:1–138.CrossRef
2.
Hoste EA, Damen J, Vanholder RC, et al. Assessment of renal function in recently admitted critically ill patients with normal serum creatinine. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005;20:747–53.PubMedCrossRef
3.
4.
Bellomo R, Ronco C, Kellum JA, Mehta RL, Palevsky P. Acute renal failure—definition, outcome measures, animal models, fluid therapy and information technology needs: the second international consensus conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) Group. Crit Care. 2004;8:R204–12.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
5.
Mehta RL, Kellum JA, Shah SV, et al. Acute kidney injury network: report of an initiative to improve outcomes in acute kidney injury. Crit Care. 2007;11:R31.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
6.
Uchino S, Bellomo R, Goldsmith D, Bates S, Ronco C. An assessment of the RIFLE criteria for acute renal failure in hospitalized patients. Crit Care Med. 2006;34:1913–7.PubMedCrossRef
7.
Hoste EA, Clermont G, Kersten A, et al. RIFLE criteria for acute kidney injury are associated with hospital mortality in critically ill patients: a cohort analysis. Crit Care. 2006;10:R73.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
8.
Bagshaw SM, George C, Dinu I, Bellomo R. A multi-centre evaluation of the RIFLE criteria for early acute kidney injury in critically ill patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:1203–10.PubMedCrossRef
9.
Joannidis M, Metnitz B, Bauer P, et al. Acute kidney injury in critically ill patients classified by AKIN versus RIFLE using the SAPS 3 database. Intensive Care Med. 2009;35:1692–702.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Coca SG, Singanamala S, Parikh CR. Chronic kidney disease after acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Kidney Int. 2012;81:442–8.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
11.
Akcan-Arikan A, Zappitelli M, Loftis LL, Wasburn KK, Jefferson LS, Goldstein SL. Modified RIFLE criteria in critically ill children with acute kidney injury. Kidney Int. 2007;71:1028–35.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Schwartz GJ, Brion LP, Spitzer A. The use of plasma creatinine concentration for estimating glomerular filtration rate in infants, children, and adolescents. Pediatr Clin N Am. 1987;34:57–90.
13.
Plötz F, Bouma A, van Wijk J, Kneyber M, Bökenkamp A. Pediatric acute kidney injury in the ICU: an independent evaluation of pRIFLE criteria. Intensive Care Med. 2008;34:1713–7.PubMedCrossRef
14.
15.
Bellomo R, Kellum JA, Ronco C. Acute kidney Inj. Lancet. 2012;380:7556–66.
16.
Chertow GM, Burdock E, Honour M, et al. Acute kidney injury, mortality, length of stay and costs in hospitalized patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:3365–70.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Wald R, Quinn RR, Luo J, et al. Chronic dialysis and death among survivors of acute kidney injury requiring dialysis. JAMA. 2009;302:1179–85.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Uchino S, Kellum JA, Bellomo R, et al. Acute renal failure in critically ill patients: a multinational, multicenter study. JAMA. 2005;294:813–8.PubMedCrossRef
19.
Waikar SS, Liu KD, Chertow GM. Diagnosis, epidemiology and outcomes of acute kidney injury. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3:844–61.PubMedCrossRef
20.
Nisula S, Kaukonen K-M, Vaara ST, et al. Incidence, risk factors and 90-day mortality of patients with acute kidney injury in Finnish intensive care units: the FINNAKI study. Intensive Care Med. 2013;39:420–8.PubMedCrossRef
21.
Vaara ST, Pettilä V, Reinkainen M, Kaukonen K-M, for the Finnish Intensive Care Consortium. Population-based incidence, and mortality and quality of life in critically ill patients treated with renal replacement therapy: a nationwide retrospective cohort study in finnish intensive care units. Crit Care. 2012;16:R13.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
22.
Endre ZH, Pickering JW, Walker RJ. Clearance and beyond: the complementary roles of GFR measurement and injury biomarkers in acute kidney injury (AKI). Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2011;301:F697–707.PubMedCrossRef
23.
Murray PT, Mehta RL, Shaw A, et al. Current use of biomarkers in acute kidney injury: report and summary of recommendations from the 10th acute dialysis quality initiative consensus conference. Kidney Int. 2014;85:513–21.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
24.
25.
Cruz DN, Mehta RL. Acute kidney injury in 2013: breaking barriers for biomarkers in AKI-progress at last. Nat Rev Neprhol. 2014;10:74–6.CrossRef
26.
27.
Shang Z, Lu B, Sheng X, Jin N. Cystatin C in prediction of acute kidney injury: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2011;58:356–65.CrossRef
28.
Liu Y, Guo W, Zhang J, et al. Urinary interleukin 18 for detection of acute kidney injury: a metanalysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2013;62:1058–67.PubMedCrossRef
29.
30.
Haase M, Bellomo R, Devarajan P, et al. Accuracy of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in diagnosis and prognosis in acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;54:1012–24.PubMedCrossRef
31.
Haase M, Devarajan P, Haase-Fielitz A, et al. The outcome of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin-positive subclinical acute kidney injury. JACC. 2011;57:1752–61.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
32.
Kashani K, Al-Khafaji A, Ardiles T, et al. Discovery and validation of cell cycle arrest biomarkers in human acute kidney injury. Crit Care. 2013;17:R25.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
33.
Bihorac A, Chawla LS, Shaw AD, et al. Validation of cell-cycle arrest biomarkers for acute kidney injury using clinical adjudication. Am J Resp Crit Care Med. 2014;189:932–9.PubMedCrossRef
34.
McIllroy DR, Epi MC, Wagener G, Lee HT. Biomarkers of acute kidney injury: an evolving domain. Anesthesiology. 2010;112:998–1004.CrossRef
35.
Goldstein SL. Acute kidney injury in children and its potential consequences in adulthood. Blood Purif. 2012;33:131–7.PubMedCrossRef
36.
Schiffl H, Lang S. Urinary biomarkers and acute kidney injury in children: the long road to clinical application. Pediatr Nephrol. 2013;28:837–42.PubMedCrossRef
37.
Ataei N, Bazargani B, Sonbol A, et al. Early detection of acute kidney injury by serum cystatin C in critically ill children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2014;29:133–8.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Schnell D, Darmon M. Renal Doppler to assess renal perfusion in the critically ill: a reappraisal. Intensive Care Med. 2012;38:1751–60.PubMedCrossRef
39.
Duranteau J, Deruddre S, Vigue B, Chemla D. Doppler monitoring of renal hemodynamics: why the best is yet to come. Intensive Care Med. 2008;34:1360–1.PubMedCrossRef
40.
Wan L, Yang N, Hiew C-Y, et al. An assessment of the accuracy of renal blood flow estimation by Doppler ultrasound. Intensive Care Med. 2008;34:1503–10.PubMedCrossRef
41.
Lauschke A, Teichgräber UKM, Frei U, Eckardt KU. “Low-dose” dopamine worsens renal perfusion in patients with acute renal failure. Kidney Int. 2006;69:1669–74.PubMedCrossRef
42.
Deruddre S, Cheisson G, Mazoit JX, et al. Renal arterial resistance in septic shock: effects of increasing mean arterial pressure with norepinephrine on the renal resistive index assessed with Doppler ultrasonography. Intensive Care Med. 2007;33:1557–62.PubMedCrossRef
43.
Schnell D, Camous L, Guyomarc’h S, et al. renal perfusion assessment by renal doppler during fluid challenge in sepsis. Crit Care Med. 2013;41:1214–20.PubMedCrossRef
44.
Lerolle N, Guérot E, Faisy C, et al. Renal failure in septic shock: predictive value of Doppler-based renal arterial resistive index. Intensive Care Med. 2006;32:1553–5.PubMedCrossRef
45.
Platt JF, Rubin JM, Ellis JH. Acute renal failure: possible role of duplex Doppler US in distinction between acute prerenal failure and acute tubular necrosis. Radiology. 1991;179:419–23.PubMedCrossRef
46.
Izumi M, Sugiura T, Nakamura H, et al. Differential diagnosis of prerenal azotemia from acute tubular necrosis and prediction of recovery by Doppler ultrasound. Am J Kidney Dis. 2000;35:713–9.PubMedCrossRef
47.
Stevens PE, Gwyther SJ, Hanson ME, et al. Noninvasive monitoring of renal blood flow characteristics during acute renal failure in man. Intensive Care Med. 1990;16:153–8.PubMedCrossRef
48.
Schnell D, Deruddre S, Harrois A, et al. Renal resistive index better predicts the occurrence of acute kidney injury than cystatin C. Shock. 2012;38:592–7.PubMedCrossRef
49.
Darmon M, Schortgen F, Vargas F, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of Doppler renal resistive index for reversibility of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med. 2011;37:68–76.PubMedCrossRef
50.
Schnell D, Reynaud M, Venot M, et al. Resistive index or color-Doppler semi-quantitative evaluation of renal perfusion by inexperienced physicians: results of a pilot study. Minerva Anestesiol. 2014;80:1273–81.PubMed
51.
Bossard G, Bourgoin P, Corbeau JJ, et al. Early detection of postoperative acute kidney injury by Doppler renal resistive index in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Br J Anaesth. 2011;107:891–8.PubMedCrossRef
52.
Dewitte A, Coquin J, Meyssignac B, et al. Doppler resistive index to reflect regulation of renal vascular tone during sepsis and acute kidney injury. Crit Care. 2012;16:R165.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
53.
54.
Bude RO, Rubin JM. Relationship between the resistive index and vascular compliance and resistance. Radiology. 1999;211:411–7.PubMedCrossRef
55.
Murphy ME, Tublin ME. Understanding the Doppler RI: impact of renal arterial distensibility on the RI in a hydronephrotic ex vivo rabbit kidney model. J Ultrasound Med. 2000;19:303–14.PubMedCrossRef
56.
Tublin ME, Tessler FN, Murphy ME. Correlation between renal vascular resistance, pulse pressure, and the resistive index in isolated perfused rabbit kidneys. Radiology. 1999;213:258–64.PubMedCrossRef
57.
Naesens M, Heylen L, Lerut E, et al. Intrarenal resistive index after renal transplantation. N Engl J Med. 2013;369:1797–806.PubMedCrossRef
58.
Huen SC, Parikh CR. Predicting acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: a systematic review. Ann Thorac Surg. 2012;93:337–47.PubMedPubMedCentral
59.
Kheterpal S, Tremper KK, Heung M, et al. Development and validation of an acute kidney injury risk index for patients undergoing general surgery: results from a national data set. Anesthesiology. 2009;110:505–15.PubMedCrossRef
60.
Pannu N, Nadim MK. An overview of drug-induced acute kidney injury. Crit Care Med. 2008;36(Suppl.):5216–23.
61.
Bentley ML, Corwin HI, Dasta J, et al. Drug-induced acute kidney injury in the critically ill adult: recognition and preventive strategies. Crit Care Med. 2010;38(Suppl. 6):5169–74.
62.
Annane D, Siami S, Jaber S, et al. Effects of fluid resuscitation with colloids vs crystalloids on mortality in critically ill patients presenting with hypovolemic shock: the CRISTAL randomized trial. JAMA. 2013;310:1809–17.PubMedCrossRef
63.
Myburgh JA, Finfer S, Bellomo R, et al. Hydroxyethyl starch or saline for fluid resuscitation in intensive care. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:1901–11.PubMedCrossRef
64.
Haase N, Perner A, Hennings LI, et al. Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.38–0.45 versus crystalloid or albumin in patients with sepsis: systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. BMJ. 2013;346:f839.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
65.
Perner A, Haase N, Guttormsen AB, et al. Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.42 versus Ringer’s acetate in severe sepsis. N Engl J Med. 2012;367:124–34.PubMedCrossRef
66.
Zarychanski R, Abou-Setta AM, Turgeon AF, et al. Association of hydroxyethyl starch administration with mortality and acute kidney injury in critically ill patients requiring volume resuscitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2013;309:678–88.PubMedCrossRef
67.
Guidet B, Martinet O, Boulain T, et al. Assessment of hemodynamic efficacy and safety of 6 % hydroxyethylstarch 130/0.4 vs. 0.9 % NaCl fluid replacement in patients with severe sepsis: the CRYSTMAS study. Crit Care. 2012;16:R94.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
68.
Patel A, Waheed U, Brett SJ. Randomised trials of 6% tetrastarch (hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 or 0.42) for severe sepsis reporting mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med. 2013;39:811–22.PubMedCrossRef
69.
70.
Brunkhorst FM, Engel C, Bloos F, et al. Intensive insulin therapy and pentastarch resuscitation in severe sepsis. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:125–39.PubMedCrossRef
71.
Schortgen F, Lacherade JC, Bruneel F, et al. Effects of hydroxyethylstarch and gelatin on renal function in severe sepsis: a multicentre randomised study. Lancet. 2001;357:911–6.PubMedCrossRef
72.
Perel P, Roberts I, Ker K. Colloids versus crystalloids for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;2:CD000567.PubMed
73.
Mutter TC, Ruth CA, Dart AB. Hydroxyethyl starch (HES) versus other fluid therapies: effects on kidney function. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;7:CD007594.PubMed
74.
Martin C, Jacob M, Vicaut E, et al. Effect of waxy maize-derived hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 on renal function in surgical patients. Anesthesiology. 2013;118:387–94.PubMedCrossRef
75.
76.
Kurtz TW, Morris RC Jr. Dietary chloride as a determinant of “sodium-dependent” hypertension. Science. 1983;222:1139–41.PubMedCrossRef
77.
78.
Hansen PB, Jensen BL, Skott O. Chloride regulates afferent arteriolar contraction in response to depolarization. Hypertension. 1998;32:1066–70.PubMedCrossRef
79.
Chowdhury AH, Cox EF, Francis ST, Lobo DN. A randomized, controlled, double-blind crossover study on the effects of 2-L infusions of 0.9% saline and plasma-lyte® 148 on renal blood flow velocity and renal cortical tissue perfusion in healthy volunteers. Ann Surg. 2012;256:18–24.PubMedCrossRef
80.
Lobo DN, Awad S. Should chloride-rich crystalloids remain the mainstay of fluid resuscitation to prevent ‘pre-renal’ acute kidney injury?:con. Kidney Int. 2014;86:1096–105.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
81.
Yunos NM, Kim IB, Bellomo R, et al. The biochemical effects of restricting chloride-rich fluids in intensive care. Crit Care Med. 2011;39:2419–24.PubMedCrossRef
82.
Shaw AD, Bagshaw SM, Goldstein SL, et al. Major complications, mortality, and resource utilization after open abdominal surgery: 0.9 % saline compared to plasma-lyte. Ann Surg. 2012;255:821–9.PubMedCrossRef
83.
Yunos NM, Bellomo R, Hegarty C, Story D, Ho L, Bailey M. Association between a chloride-liberal vs chloride-restrictive intravenous fluid administration strategy and kidney injury in critically ill adults. JAMA. 2012;308:1566–72.PubMedCrossRef
84.
McCluskey SA, Karkouti K, Wijeysundera D, Minkovich L, Tait G, Scott Beattie W. Hyperchloremia after non cardiac surgery is independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality: a propensity-matched cohort study. Anesth Analg. 2013;13:412–21.CrossRef
85.
Raghunathan K, Shaw A, Nathanson B, et al. Association between the choice of IV crystalloid and in-hospital mortality among critically ill adults with sepsis. Crit Care Med. 2014;40:1897–905.
86.
Krajewski ML, Raghunathan K, Paluszkiewicz SM, Schermer CR, Shaw AD. Meta-analysis of high—versus low-chloride content in perioperative and critical care fluid resuscitation. Br J Surg. 2015;102:24–36.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
87.
Raghunathan K, Murray PT, Beattie WS, ADQI XII Investigators Group, et al. Choice of fluid in acute illness: what should be given? An international consensus. Br J Anaesth. 2014;113:772–83.PubMedCrossRef
88.
Antonelli M, Levy M, Andrews PJ, et al. Hemodynamic monitoring in shock and implications for management. International consensus conference, Paris, France, 27–28 April 2006. Intensive Care Med. 2007;33:575–90.PubMedCrossRef
89.
Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Rhodes A, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock, 2012. Intensive Care Med. 2013;39:165–228.PubMedCrossRef
90.
Varpula M, Tallgren M, Saukkonen K, Voipio-Pulkki LM, Pettila V. Hemodynamic variables related to outcome in septic shock. Intensive Care Med. 2005;31:1066–71.PubMedCrossRef
91.
Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S, et al. Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1368–77.PubMedCrossRef
92.
Poukkanen M, Wilkman E, Vaara ST, et al. Hemodynamic variables and progression of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with severe sepsis: data from the prospective observational FINNAKI study. Crit Care. 2013;17:R295.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
93.
Asfar P, Meziani F, Hamel JF, et al. High versus Low blood-pressure target in patients with septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:1583–93.PubMedCrossRef
94.
Bourgoin A, Leone M, Delmas A, Garnier F, Albanese J, Martin C. Increasing mean arterial pressure in patients with septic shock: effects on oxygen variables and renal function. Crit Care Med. 2005;33:780–6.PubMedCrossRef
95.
LeDoux D, Astiz ME, Carpati CM, Rackow EC. Effects of perfusion pressure on tissue perfusion in septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2000;28:2729–32.PubMedCrossRef
96.
Dunser MW, Takala J, Ulmer H, et al. Arterial blood pressure during early sepsis and outcome. Intensive Care Med. 2009;35:1225–33.PubMedCrossRef
97.
Benchekroune S, Karpati PC, Berton C, et al. Diastolic arterial blood pressure: a reliable early predictor of survival in human septic shock. J Trauma. 2008;64:1188–95.PubMedCrossRef
98.
Legrand M, Dupuis C, Simon C, et al. Association between systemic hemodynamics and septic acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: a retrospective observational study. Crit Care. 2013;17:R278.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
99.
Walsh M, Devereaux PJ, Garg AX, et al. Relationship between intraoperative mean arterial pressure and clinical outcomes after noncardiac surgery: toward an empirical definition of hypotension. Anesthesiology. 2013;119:507–15.PubMedCrossRef
100.
Haase M, Bellomo R, Story D, et al. Effect of mean arterial pressure, haemoglobin and blood transfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass on post-operative acute kidney injury. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2012;27:153–60.PubMedCrossRef
101.
Kanji HD, Schulze CJ, Hervas-Malo M, et al. Difference between pre-operative and cardiopulmonary bypass mean arterial pressure is independently associated with early cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. J Cardiothorac Surg. 2010;5:71.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
102.
Brienza N, Giglio MT, Marucci M, Fiore T. Does perioperative hemodynamic optimization protect renal function in surgical patients? A meta-analytic study. Crit Care Med. 2009;37:2079–90.PubMedCrossRef
103.
Grocott MP, Dushianthan A, Hamilton MA, Mythen MG, Harrison D, Rowan K. Perioperative increase in global blood flow to explicit defined goals and outcomes after surgery: a Cochrane systematic review. Br J Anaesth. 2013;111:535–48.PubMedCrossRef
104.
Bouchard J, Soroko SB, Chertow GM, et al. Fluid accumulation, survival and recovery of kidney function in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. Kidney Int. 2009;76:422–7.PubMedCrossRef
105.
Payen D, de Pont AC, Sakr Y, Spies C, Reinhart K, Vincent JL. A positive fluid balance is associated with a worse outcome in patients with acute renal failure. Crit Care. 2008;12:R74.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
106.
Teixeira C, Garzotto F, Piccinni P, et al. Fluid balance and urine volume are independent predictors of mortality in acute kidney injury. Crit Care. 2013;17:R14.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
107.
Grams ME, Estrella MM, Coresh J, Brower RG, Liu KD. Fluid balance, diuretic use, and mortality in acute kidney injury. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;6:966–73.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
108.
Bellomo R, Cass A, Cole L, et al. An observational study fluid balance and patient outcomes in the randomized evaluation of normal vs. augmented level of replacement therapy trial. Crit Care Med. 2012;40:1753–60.PubMedCrossRef
109.
Boland MR, Noorani A, Varty K, Coffey JC, Agha R, Walsh SR. Perioperative fluid restriction in major abdominal surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, clinical trials. World J Surg. 2013;37:1193–202.PubMedCrossRef
110.
Varadhan KK, Lobo DN. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of intravenous fluid therapy in major elective open abdominal surgery: getting the balance right. Proc Nutr Soc. 2010;69:488–98.PubMedCrossRef
111.
Desjars P, Pinaud M, Bugnon D, Tasseau F. Norepinephrine therapy has no deleterious renal effects in human septic shock. Crit Care Med. 1989;17:426–9.PubMedCrossRef
112.
Desjars P, Pinaud M, Potel G, Tasseau F, Touze MD. A reappraisal of norepinephrine therapy in human septic shock. Crit Care Med. 1987;15:134–7.PubMedCrossRef
113.
Fukuoka T, Nishimura M, Imanaka H, Taenaka N, Yoshiya I, Takezawa J. Effects of norepinephrine on renal function in septic patients with normal and elevated serum lactate levels. Crit Care Med. 1989;17:1104–7.PubMedCrossRef
114.
Martin C, Viviand X, Leone M, Thirion X. Effect of norepinephrine on the outcome of septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2000;28:2758–65.PubMedCrossRef
115.
Redl-Wenzl EM, Armbruster C, Edelmann G, et al. Noradrenaline in the “high output-low resistance” state of patients with abdominal sepsis. Anaesthesist. 1990;39:525–9.PubMed
116.
Albanese J, Leone M, Garnier F, Bourgoin A, Antonini F, Martin C. Renal effects of norepinephrine in septic and nonseptic patients. Chest. 2004;126:534–9.PubMedCrossRef
117.
Martin C, Papazian L, Perrin G, Saux P, Gouin F. Norepinephrine or dopamine for the treatment of hyperdynamic septic shock? Chest. 1993;103:1826–31.PubMedCrossRef
118.
Leone M, Albanese J, Delmas A, Chaabane W, Garnier F, Martin C. Terlipressin in catecholamine-resistant septic shock patients. Shock. 2004;22:314–9.PubMedCrossRef
119.
Albanese J, Leone M, Delmas A, Martin C. Terlipressin or norepinephrine in hyperdynamic septic shock: a prospective, randomized study. Crit Care Med. 2005;33:1897–902.PubMedCrossRef
120.
Rihal CS, Textor SC, Grill DE, et al. Incidence and prognostic importance of acute renal failure after percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation. 2002;105:2259–64.PubMedCrossRef
121.
Rudnick MR, Goldfarb S, Tumlin J. Contrast-induced nephropathy: is the picture any clearer? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3:261–2.PubMedCrossRef
122.
Hoste EAJ, Doom S, De Waele J, et al. Epidemiology of contrast-associated acute kidney injury in ICU patients: a retrospective cohort analysis. Intensive Care Med. 2011;37:1921–31.PubMedCrossRef
123.
Chousterman BG, Bouadma L, Moutereau S, et al. Prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy by N-acetylcysteine in critically ill patients: different definitions, different results. J Crit Care. 2013;5:701–9.CrossRef
124.
Valette X, Savary B, Nowoczyn M, et al. Accuracy of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in the early diagnosis of contrast-induced acute kidney injury in critical illness. Intensive Care Med. 2013;39:857–65.PubMedCrossRef
125.
Clec’h C, Razafimandimby D, Laouisset M, et al. Incidence and outcome of contrast-associated acute kidney injury in a mixed medical-surgical ICU population: a retrospective study. BMC Nephrol. 2013;4:14–31.
126.
Brar SS, Hiremath S, Dangas G, et al. Sodium bicarbonate for the prevention of contrast induced-acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;4:1584–92.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
127.
Zoungas S, Ninomiya T, Huxley R, et al. Systematic review: sodium bicarbonate treatment regimens for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151:631–8.PubMedCrossRef
128.
Brown JR, Block CA, Malenka DJ, et al. Sodium bicarbonate plus N-acetylcysteine prophylaxis: a meta-analysis. JAAC Cardiovasc Interv. 2009;2:1116–24.CrossRef
129.
Sun Z, Fu Q, Cao L, et al. Intravenous N-acetylcysteine for prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy: a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. PLoS One. 2013;8:e55124.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
130.
Jang JS, Jin HY, Seo JS, et al. Sodium bicarbonate therapy for the prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney injury—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Circ J. 2012;76:2255–65.PubMedCrossRef
131.
Solomon R, Werner C, Mann D, et al. Effects of saline, mannitol, and furosemide to prevent acute decreases in renal function induced by radiocontrast agents. N Engl J Med. 1994;331:1416–20.PubMedCrossRef
132.
Vaitkus PT, Brar C. N-acetylcysteine in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy: publication bias perpetuated by meta-analyses. Am Heart J. 2007;153:275–80.PubMedCrossRef
133.
Hoste EAJ, De Waele JJ, Gevaert SA, Uchino S, Kellum JA. Sodium bicarbonate for prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010;25:747–58.PubMedCrossRef
134.
Klima T, Christ A, Marana I, et al. Sodium chloride vs. sodium bicarbonate for the prevention of contrast medium-induced nephropathy: a randomized controlled trial. Eur Heart J. 2012;33:2071–9.PubMedCrossRef
135.
Kooiman J, Sijpkens YWJ, de Vries J-PPM, et al. A randomized comparison of 1-h sodium bicarbonate hydration versus standard peri-procedural saline hydration in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing intravenous contrast-enhanced computerized tomography. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2014;29:1029–36.PubMedCrossRef
136.
137.
Kelly AM, Dwamena B, Cronin P, et al. Meta-analysis: effectiveness of drugs for preventing contrast-induced nephropathy. Ann Intern Med. 2008;148:284–94.PubMedCrossRef
138.
McCullough P. Radiocontrast-induced acute kidney injury. Nephron Physiol. 2008;109:61–72.CrossRef
139.
Kellum J, Leblanc M, Venkataraman R. Acute renal failure. BMJ Clin Evid. 2008;9:2001.
140.
Rybak MJ, Abate BJ, Kang SL, et al. Prospective evaluation of the effect of an aminoglycoside dosing regimen on rates of observed nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999;43:1549–55.PubMedPubMedCentral
141.
Bailey TC, Little JR, Littenberg B, et al. A meta-analysis of extended-interval dosing versus multiple daily dosing of aminoglycosides. Clin Infect Dis. 1997;24:786–95.PubMedCrossRef
142.
Hatala R, Dinh T, Cook DJ. Once-daily aminoglycoside dosing in immunocompetent adults: a meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1996;124:717–25.PubMedCrossRef
143.
144.
Picard W, Bazin F, Clouzeau B, et al. Propensity-based study of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2014;58:7468–74.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
145.
Boyer A, Gruson D, Bouchet S, et al. Aminoglycosides in septic shock: an overview, with specific consideration given to their nephrotoxic risk. Drug Saf. 2013;36:217–30.PubMedCrossRef
146.
Croes S, Koop AH, van Gils SA, Neef C. Efficacy, nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity of aminoglycosides, mathematically modelled for modelling-supported therapeutic drug monitoring. Eur J Pharm. 2012;45:90–100.CrossRef
147.
Pagkalis S, Mantadakis E, Mavros MN, et al. Pharmacological considerations for the proper clinical use of aminoglycosides. Drugs. 2011;71:2277–94.PubMedCrossRef
148.
Oliveira JFP, Silva CA, Barbieri CD, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity in intensive care units. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009;53:2887–91.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
149.
Selby NM, Shaw S, Woodier N, et al. Gentamicin-associated acute kidney injury. QJM. 2009;102:873–80.PubMedCrossRef
150.
Bartal C, Danon A, Schlaeffer F, et al. Pharmacokinetic dosing of aminoglycosides: a controlled trial. Am J Med. 2003;114:194–8.PubMedCrossRef
151.
Perazella MA. Drug use and nephrotoxicity in the intensive care unit. Kidney Int. 2012;81:1172–8.PubMedCrossRef
152.
Papadopoulos J, Smithburger PL. Common drug interactions leading to adverse drug events in the intensive care unit: management and pharmacokinetic considerations. Crit Care Med. 2010;38:S126–35.PubMedCrossRef
153.
Schetz M, Dasta J, Goldstein S, Golper T. Drug-induced acute kidney injury. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2005;11:555–65.PubMedCrossRef
154.
Ho KM, Power BM. Benefits and risks of furosemide in acute kidney injury. Anaesthesia. 2010;63:283–94.CrossRef
155.
156.
Haase M, Fielitz AH, Plass M, et al. Prophylactic perioperative sodium bicarbonate to prevent acute kidney injury following open heart surgery: a multicenter double-blinded randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2013;10:e1001426.
157.
Kristeller JL, Zavorsky GS, Prior JE, et al. Lack of effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate in preventing kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Pharmacotherapy. 2013;3:710–7.CrossRef
158.
McGuinness SP, Parke RL, Bellomo R, Van Haren FMP, Bailey M. Sodium bicarbonate infusion to reduce cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury: a phase II multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial. Crit Care Med. 2013;41:1599–607.PubMedCrossRef
159.
Hewitt J, Uniacke M, Hansi NK, Venkat-Raman G, McCarthy K. Sodium bicarbonate supplements for treating acute kidney injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;6:CD009204.PubMed
160.
161.
Chatzizisis YS, Misirli G, Hatzitolios AI, Giannoglou GD. The syndrome of rhabdomyolysis: complications and treatment. Eur J Intern Med. 2008;19:568–74.PubMedCrossRef
162.
Scharman EJ, Troutman WG. Prevention of kidney injury following rhabdomyolysis: a systematic review. Ann Pharmacother. 2013;47:90–105.PubMedCrossRef
163.
Shimazu T, Yoshioka T, Nakata Y, et al. Fluid resuscitation and systemic complications in crush syndrome: 14 Hanshin–Awaji earthquake patients. J Trauma. 1997;42:641–6.PubMedCrossRef
164.
Gunal AI, Celiker H, Dogukan A, et al. Early and vigorous fluid resuscitation prevents acute renal failure in the crush victims of catastrophic earthquakes. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2004;15:1862–7.PubMedCrossRef
165.
Homsi E, Barreiro MF, Orlando JM, Higa EM. Prophylaxis of acute renal failure in patients with rhabdomyolysis. Ren Fail. 1997;19:283–8.PubMedCrossRef
166.
Brown CVR, Rhee P, Chan L, Evans K, Demetriades D, Velmahos GC. Preventing renal failure in patients with rhabdomyolysis: do bicarbonate and mannitol make a difference? J Trauma. 2004;56:1191–6.PubMedCrossRef
167.
Cho YS, Lim H, Kim SH. Comparison of lactated Ringer’s solution and 0.9% saline in the treatment of rhabdomyolysis induced by doxylamine intoxication. Emerg Med J. 2007;24:276–80.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
168.
Yallop KG, Sheppard SV, Smith DC. The effect of mannitol on renal function following cardio-pulmonary bypass in patients with normal pre-operative creatinine. Anaesthesia. 2008;63:576–82.PubMedCrossRef
169.
Smith MNA, Best D, Sheppard SV, Smith DC. The effect of mannitol on renal function after cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with established renal dysfunction. Anaesthesia. 2008;63:701–4.PubMedCrossRef
170.
Majumdar SR, Kjellstrand CM, Tymchak WJ, Hervas-Malo M, Taylor DA, Teo KK. Forced euvolemic diuresis with mannitol and furosemide for prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with CKD undergoing coronary angiography: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;54:602–9.PubMedCrossRef
171.
Friedrich JO, Adhikari N, Herridge MS, Beyene J. Meta-analysis: low-dose dopamine increases urine output but does not prevent renal dysfunction or death. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:510–24.PubMedCrossRef
172.
Kellum JA, Decker JM. Use of dopamine in acute renal failure: a meta-analysis. Crit Care Med. 2001;29:1526–31.PubMedCrossRef
173.
Bellomo R, Chapman M, Finfer S, Hickling K, Myburgh J. Low-dose dopamine in patients with early renal dysfunction: a placebo-controlled randomised trial. Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Clinical Trials Group. Lancet. 2000;356:2139–43.PubMedCrossRef
174.
Stone GW, McCullough PA, Tumlin JA, et al. Fenoldopam mesylate for the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2003;290:2284–91.PubMedCrossRef
175.
Caimmi P-P, Pagani L, Micalizzi E, et al. Fenoldopam for renal protection in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2003;17:491–4.PubMedCrossRef
176.
Bove T, Landoni G, Calabrò MG, et al. Renoprotective action of fenoldopam in high-risk patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a prospective, double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Circulation. 2005;111:3230–5.PubMedCrossRef
177.
Brienza N, Malcangi V, Dalfino L, et al. A comparison between fenoldopam and low-dose dopamine in early renal dysfunction of critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. 2006;34:707–14.PubMedCrossRef
178.
Ranucci M, Soro G, Barzaghi N, et al. Fenoldopam prophylaxis of postoperative acute renal failure in high-risk cardiac surgery patients. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004;78:1332–7.PubMedCrossRef
179.
Tumlin JA, Finkel KW, Murray PT, Samuels J, Cotsonis G, Shaw AD. Fenoldopam mesylate in early acute tubular necrosis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005;46:26–34.PubMedCrossRef
180.
Morelli A, Ricci Z, Bellomo R, et al. Prophylactic fenoldopam for renal protection in sepsis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial. Crit Care Med. 2005;33:2451–6.PubMedCrossRef
181.
Patel NN, Rogers CA, Angelini GD, Murphy GJ. Pharmacological therapies for the prevention of acute kidney injury following cardiac surgery: a systematic review. Heart Fail Rev. 2011;16:553–67.PubMedCrossRef
182.
Landoni G, Biondi-Zoccai GGL, Marino G, et al. Fenoldopam reduces the need for renal replacement therapy and in-hospital death in cardiovascular surgery: a meta-analysis. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2008;22:27–33.PubMedCrossRef
183.
Landoni G, Biondi-Zoccai GGL, Tumlin JA, et al. Beneficial impact of fenoldopam in critically ill patients with or at risk for acute renal failure: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007;49:56–68.PubMedCrossRef
184.
Zangrillo A, Biondi-Zoccai GGL, Frati E, et al. Fenoldopam and acute renal failure in cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2012;26:407–13.PubMedCrossRef
185.
Sackner-Bernstein JD, Skopicki HA, Aaronson KD. Risk of worsening renal function with nesiritide in patients with acutely decompensated heart failure. Circulation. 2005;111:1487–91.PubMedCrossRef
186.
Nigwekar SU, Navaneethan SD, Parikh CR, Hix JK. Atrial natriuretic peptide for management of acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;4:261–72.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
187.
Mitaka C, Kudo T, Haraguchi G, Tomita M. Cardiovascular and renal effects of carperitide and nesiritide in cardiovascular surgery patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care. 2011;15:R258.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
188.
Nigwekar SU, Navaneethan SD, Parikh CR, Hix JK. Atrial natriuretic peptide for preventing and treating acute kidney injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(4):CD006028.
189.
Adabag AS, Ishani A, Bloomfield HE, Ngo AK, Wilt TJ. Efficacy of N-acetylcysteine in preventing renal injury after heart surgery: a systematic review of randomized trials. Eur Heart J. 2009;30:1910–7.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
190.
Duong MH, MacKenzie TA, Malenka DJ. N-acetylcysteine prophylaxis significantly reduces the risk of radiocontrast-induced nephropathy: comprehensive meta-analysis. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2005;64:471–9.PubMedCrossRef
191.
Ho KM, Morgan DJR. Meta-analysis of N-acetylcysteine to prevent acute renal failure after major surgery. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;53:33–40.PubMedCrossRef
192.
Nigwekar SU, Kandula P. N-acetylcysteine in cardiovascular-surgery-associated renal failure: a meta-analysis. Ann Thorac Surg. 2009;87:139–47.PubMedCrossRef
193.
Hirschberg R, Kopple J, Lipsett P, et al. Multicenter clinical trial of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I in patients with acute renal failure. Kidney Int. 1999;55:2423–32.PubMedCrossRef
194.
Hladunewich MA, Corrigan G, Derby GC, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of IGF-1 for delayed graft function: a human model to study postischemic ARF. Kidney Int. 2003;64:593–602.PubMedCrossRef
195.
Endre ZH, Walker RJ, Pickering JW, et al. Early intervention with erythropoietin does not affect the outcome of acute kidney injury (the EARLYARF trial). Kidney Int. 2010;77:1020–30.PubMedCrossRef
196.
Song YR, Lee T, You SJ, et al. Prevention of acute kidney injury by erythropoietin in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: a pilot study. Am J Nephrol. 2009;30:253–60.PubMedCrossRef
197.
Gottlieb SS, Brater DC, Thomas I, et al. BG9719 (CVT-124), an A1 adenosine receptor antagonist, protects against the decline in renal function observed with diuretic therapy. Circulation. 2002;105:1348–53.PubMedCrossRef
198.
Givertz MM, Massie BM, Fields TK, Pearson LL, Dittrich HC, CKI-201 and CKI-202 Investigators. The effects of KW-3902, an adenosine A1-receptor antagonist, on diuresis and renal function in patients with acute decompensated heart failure and renal impairment or diuretic resistance. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50:1551–60.PubMedCrossRef
199.
Massie BM, O’Connor CM, Metra M, et al. Rolofylline, an adenosine A1-receptor antagonist, in acute heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2010;363:1419–28.PubMedCrossRef
200.
201.
Mikkelsen TS, Mamoudou AD, Tuckuviene R, Wehner PS, Schroeder H. Extended duration of prehydration does not prevent nephrotoxicity or delayed drug elimination in high-dose methotrexate infusions: a prospectively randomized cross-over study. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2014;61:297–301.PubMedCrossRef
202.
Sand TE, Jacobsen S. Effect of urine pH and flow on renal clearance of methotrexate. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1981;19:453–6.PubMedCrossRef
203.
Christensen ML, Rivera GK, Crom WR, Hancock ML, Evans WE. Effect of hydration on methotrexate plasma concentrations in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 1988;6:797–801.PubMed
204.
Kinoshita A, Kurosawa Y, Kondoh K, et al. Effects of sodium in hydration solution on plasma methotrexate concentrations following high-dose methotrexate in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2003;51:256–60.PubMed
205.
Relling MV, Fairclough D, Ayers D, et al. Patient characteristics associated with high-risk methotrexate concentrations and toxicity. J Clin Oncol. 1994;12:1667–72.PubMed
206.
Darmon M, Vincent F, Camous L, et al. Tumour lysis syndrome and acute kidney injury in high-risk haematology patients in the rasburicase era. A prospective multicentre study from the Groupe de Recherche en Réanimation Respiratoire et Onco-Hématologique. Br J Haematol. 2013;162:489–97.PubMedCrossRef
207.
Galardy PJ, Hochberg J, Perkins SL, Harrison L, Goldman S, Cairo MS. Rasburicase in the prevention of laboratory/clinical tumour lysis syndrome in children with advanced mature B-NHL: a Children’s Oncology Group Report. Br J Haematol. 2013;163:365–72.PubMedCrossRef
208.
Shimada M, Johnson RJ, May WS Jr, et al. A novel role for uric acid in acute kidney injury associated with tumour lysis syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009;24:2960–4.PubMedCrossRef
209.
Lopez-Olivo MA, Pratt G, Palla SL, Salahudeen A. Rasburicase in tumor lysis syndrome of the adult: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2013;62:481–92.PubMedCrossRef
210.
Cheuk DK, Chiang AK, Chan GC, Ha SY. Urate oxidase for the prevention and treatment of tumor lysis syndrome in children with cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;(6):CD006945.
211.
Cortes J, Moore JO, Maziarz RT, et al. Control of plasma uric acid in adults at risk for tumor Lysis syndrome: efficacy and safety of rasburicase alone and rasburicase followed by allopurinol compared with allopurinol alone—results of a multicenter phase III study. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:4207–13.PubMedCrossRef
212.
Goldman SC, Holcenberg JS, Finklestein JZ, et al. A randomized comparison between rasburicase and allopurinol in children with lymphoma or leukemia at high risk for tumor lysis. Blood. 2001;97:2998–3003.PubMedCrossRef
213.
Coiffier B, Altman A, Pui C-H, Younes A, Cairo MS. Guidelines for the management of pediatric and adult tumor lysis syndrome: an evidence-based review. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:2767–78.PubMedCrossRef
214.
Cairo MS, Coiffier B, Reiter A, Younes A, TLS Expert Panel. Recommendations for the evaluation of risk and prophylaxis of tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) in adults and children with malignant diseases: an expert TLS panel consensus. Br J Haematol. 2010;149:578–86.PubMedCrossRef
215.
Will A, Tholouli E. The clinical management of tumour lysis syndrome in haematological malignancies. Br J Haematol. 2011;154:3–13.PubMedCrossRef
216.
Druml W. Nutritional support in acute renal failure. Handbook of nutrition and the kidney. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005. p. 95–114.
217.
Fiaccadori E, Cremaschi E, Regolisti G. Nutritional assessment and delivery in renal replacement therapy patients. Semin Dial. 2011;24:169–75.PubMedCrossRef
218.
Cano N, Aparicio M, Brunori G, Carrero JJ, Cianciaruso B, Fiaccadori E, et al. ESPEN Guidelines on parenteral nutrition: adult renal failure. Clin Nutr. 2009;28:401–14.PubMedCrossRef
219.
Fiaccadori E, Parenti E, Maggiore U. Nutritional support in acute kidney injury. J Nephrol. 2008;21:645–56.PubMed
220.
Bellomo R, Tan HK, Bhonagiri S, et al. High protein intake during continuous hemodiafiltration: impact on amino acids and nitrogen balance. Int J Artif Organs. 2002;25:261–8.PubMed
221.
Berger MM, Shenkin A, Revelly JP, et al. Copper, selenium, zinc, and thiamine balances during continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration in critically ill patients. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80:410–6.PubMed
222.
Mammen C, Al Abbas A, Skippen P, et al. Long term risk of CKD in children surviving episodes of acute kidney injury in the intensive care unit: a prospective cohort study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2012;59:523–30.PubMedCrossRef
223.
Wald R, Quinn RR, Adhikari NK, University of Toronto Acute Kidney Injury Research Group, et al. Risk of chronic dialysis and death following acute kidney injury. Am J Med. 2012;125:585–93.PubMedCrossRef
224.
Pannu N, James M, Hemmelgarn B, Klarenbach S, Alnerta Kidney Disease Network. Association between AJI, recovery of renal function, and long-term outcomes after hospital discharge. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013;8:194–202.PubMedPubMedCentralCrossRef
225.
Harel Z, Wald R, Bargman JM, et al. Nephrologists follow-up improves all-cause mortality of severe acute kidney injury survivors. Kidney Int. 2013;83:901–8.PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Acute kidney injury in the perioperative period and in intensive care units (excluding renal replacement therapies)
Authors
Carole Ichai
Christophe Vinsonneau
Bertrand Souweine
Fabien Armando
Emmanuel Canet
Christophe Clec’h
Jean-Michel Constantin
Michaël Darmon
Jacques Duranteau
Théophille Gaillot
Arnaud Garnier
Laurent Jacob
Olivier Joannes-Boyau
Laurent Juillard
Didier Journois
Alexandre Lautrette
Laurent Muller
Matthieu Legrand
Nicolas Lerolle
Thomas Rimmelé
Eric Rondeau
Fabienne Tamion
Yannick Walrave
Lionel Velly
Société française d’anesthésie et de réanimation (Sfar)
Société de réanimation de langue française (SRLF)
Groupe francophone de réanimation et urgences pédiatriques (GFRUP)
Société française de néphrologie (SFN)
Publication date
01-12-2016
Publisher
Springer Paris
Published in
Annals of Intensive Care / Issue 1/2016
Electronic ISSN: 2110-5820
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13613-016-0145-5

Other articles of this Issue 1/2016

Annals of Intensive Care 1/2016 Go to the issue

Research

Outcome and features of acute kidney injury complicating hypoxic hepatitis at the medical intensive care unit

Research

Safety, efficacy and clinical generalization of the STAR protocol: a retrospective analysis

Research

Predictive factors of bleeding events in adults undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Research

The critical care response to a hospital outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection: an observational study

Research

Treatment intensity, age and outcome in medical ICU patients: results of a French administrative database

Review

What’s new in multidrug-resistant pathogens in the ICU?