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01-09-2013 | Volition

Action and perception in the rubber hand illusion

Authors: Martin Riemer, Dieter Kleinböhl, Rupert Hölzl, Jörg Trojan

Published in: Experimental Brain Research | Issue 3/2013

Abstract

Voluntary motor control over artificial hands has been shown to provoke a subjective incorporation of the artificial limb into body representations. However, in most studies projected or mirrored images of own hands were presented as ‘artificial’ body parts. Using the paradigm of the rubber hand illusion (RHI), we assessed the impact of tactile sensations and voluntary movements with respect to an unambiguously body-extraneous, artificial hand. In addition to phenomenal self-reports and pointing movements towards the own hand, we introduced a new procedure for perceptual judgements enabling the assessment of proprioceptive drift and judgement reliability regarding perceived hand location. RHI effects were comparable for tactile sensations and voluntary movements, but characteristic discrepancies were found for pointing movements. They were differently affected by the induction methods, and RHI effects were uncorrelated between both methods. These observations shed new light on inconsistent results concerning RHI effects on motor responses.

In another series of studies, movable artificial hands were presented within a virtual reality environment (Raz et al. 2008; Slater et al. 2009; Sanchez-Vives et al. 2010). Although this method should diminish the influence of top-down effects, the familiarity regarding computer games still raises doubts about whether a virtual hand is perceived as an external object (in the same way as a material prosthetic hand). In spite of remarkable developments in virtual reality techniques, there are great differences between the neural processing of virtual when compared to material objects (Ijsselsteijn et al. 2006).

For one participant, the recording in the synchronous condition of the motor induction method failed.

The results were verified at the level of single items. Entering each of the four ownership-related items separately into the linear mixed effects model revealed exactly the same significance pattern.

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Title: Action and perception in the rubber hand illusion
Authors: Martin Riemer
Dieter Kleinböhl
Rupert Hölzl
Jörg Trojan
Publication date: 01-09-2013
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Experimental Brain Research / Issue 3/2013
Print ISSN: 0014-4819
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1106
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-012-3374-3

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