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BMC Psychiatry
Published in: BMC Psychiatry 1/2015

Open Access 01-12-2015 | Research article

A systematic review for the antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

Authors: Qing Tang, Guangming Li, Anguo Wang, Tao Liu, Shenggang Feng, Zhiwei Guo, Huaping Chen, Bin He, Morgan A. McClure, Jun Ou, Guoqiang Xing, Qiwen Mu

Published in: BMC Psychiatry | Issue 1/2015

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Abstract

Background

Sleep deprivation (SD) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have been commonly used to treat depression. Recent studies suggest that co-therapy with rTMS and SD may produce better therapeutic effects than either therapy alone. Therefore, this study was to review the current findings to determine if rTMS can augment the therapeutic effects of SD on depression.

Methods

Embase, JSTOR, Medline, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for clinical studies published between January 1985 and March 2015 using the search term “rTMS/repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation AND sleep deprivation AND depress*”. Only randomized and sham-controlled trials (RCTs) involving the combined use of rTMS and SD in depression patients were included in this systematic review. The scores of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression were extracted as primary outcome measures.

Results

Three RCTs with 72 patients that met the inclusion criteria were included for the systematic review. One of the trials reported skewed data and was described alone. The other two studies, which involved 30 patients in the experimental group (SD + active rTMS) and 22 patients in the control group (SD + sham rTMS), reported normally distributed data. The primary outcome measures showed different results among the three publications: two of which showed great difference between the experimental and the control subjects, and the other one showed non-significant antidepressant effect of rTMS on SD. In addition, two of the included studies reported secondary outcome measures with Clinical Global Impression Rating Scale and a self-reported well-being scale which presented good improvement for the depressive patients in the experiment group when compared with the control. The follow-up assessments in two studies indicated maintained results with the immediate measurements.

Conclusions

From this study, an overview of the publications concerning the combined use of rTMS and SD is presented, which provides a direction for future research of therapies for depression. More studies are needed to confirm whether there is an augmentative antidepressant effect of rTMS on SD.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
A systematic review for the antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors
Qing Tang
Guangming Li
Anguo Wang
Tao Liu
Shenggang Feng
Zhiwei Guo
Huaping Chen
Bin He
Morgan A. McClure
Jun Ou
Guoqiang Xing
Qiwen Mu
Publication date
01-12-2015
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Psychiatry / Issue 1/2015
Electronic ISSN: 1471-244X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-015-0674-8

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