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Intensive Care Medicine
Published in: Intensive Care Medicine 9/2003

01-09-2003 | Original

ω-3 vs. ω-6 lipid emulsions exert differential influence on neutrophils in septic shock patients: impact on plasma fatty acids and lipid mediator generation

Authors: Konstantin Mayer, Christine Fegbeutel, Katja Hattar, Ulf Sibelius, Hans-Joachim Krämer, Kai-Uwe Heuer, Bettina Temmesfeld-Wollbrück, Stephanie Gokorsch, Friedrich Grimminger, Werner Seeger

Published in: Intensive Care Medicine | Issue 9/2003

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Abstract

Objective

To compare the effects of a conventional ω-6 lipid infusion and a fish oil based (ω-3) lipid infusion for parenteral nutrition on neutrophil function, lipid mediators, and plasma free fatty acids.

Design and setting

Open-label, randomized, pilot study in a university hospital medical intensive care unit and experimental laboratory.

Patients and participants

Ten patients with septic shock and eight healthy controls.

Interventions

Patients (five per group) requiring parenteral nutrition received intravenously either a ω-3 or a ω-6 lipid emulsion for a 10-day period.

Measurements and results

At baseline levels of plasma free fatty acids were elevated several-fold, including high concentrations of the ω-6 lipid precursor arachidonic acid (AA). Neutrophils isolated from septic patients displayed markedly reduced responsiveness to ex vivo stimulation, including lipid mediator generation [leukotrienes (LT), PAF], respiratory burst, and phosphoinositide hydrolysis signaling. Under the ω-6 lipid infusion regimen abnormalities in plasma free fatty acids and impairment of neutrophil functions persisted or worsened. In contrast, a rapid switch in the plasma free fatty acid fraction to predominance of the ω-3 acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid over AA occurred in response to ω-3 lipid infusion. LTB5, in addition to LTB4, appeared upon neutrophil stimulation originating from these patients, and neutrophil function was significantly improved in the ω-3 lipid group.

Conclusions

ω-3 vs. ω-6 lipid emulsions differentially influence the plasma free fatty acid profile with impact on neutrophil functions. Lipid-based parenteral nutrition in septic patients may thus exert profound influence on sequelae and status of immunocompetence and inflammation.
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
ω-3 vs. ω-6 lipid emulsions exert differential influence on neutrophils in septic shock patients: impact on plasma fatty acids and lipid mediator generation
Authors
Konstantin Mayer
Christine Fegbeutel
Katja Hattar
Ulf Sibelius
Hans-Joachim Krämer
Kai-Uwe Heuer
Bettina Temmesfeld-Wollbrück
Stephanie Gokorsch
Friedrich Grimminger
Werner Seeger
Publication date
01-09-2003
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Intensive Care Medicine / Issue 9/2003
Print ISSN: 0342-4642
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1238
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-003-1900-2

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