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World Journal of Pediatrics
Published in: World Journal of Pediatrics 1/2021

01-02-2021 | Vasovagal Syncope | Review Article

Advance in the understanding of vasovagal syncope in children and adolescents

Authors: Hong-Xia Li, Lu Gao, Yue Yuan

Published in: World Journal of Pediatrics | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Background

Vasovagal syncope (VVS) accounts for 60–80% of cases of neurally mediated syncope. VVS results from acute orthostatic intolerance and recurrent syncopal attacks, which can seriously affect an individual’s quality of life. In addition, some children even experience trauma during attacks. Therefore, it is particularly important to clarify the pathogenesis of VVS. The aim of our study is to reveal the latest research progress of VVS.

Data sources

Literature that involved the pathogenesis of VVS were selected from Cochrane Library (1990–2019), EMBASE (1991–2019) and PubMed (1968–2019) databases.

Results

Hypovolemia, autonomic dysfunction, vasomotor dysfunction, baroreceptor reflex abnormalities, endothelial dysfunction, serotonin surges, and gut microbiota were involved in the underlying mechanism of VVS.

Conclusions

VVS is not always a benign prognosis. Various aspects were involved in its pathogenesis. Bezold–Jarish reflex, dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, genetic factors and so on played important roles in VVS; however, the mechanism remains unclear.
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Metadata
Title
Advance in the understanding of vasovagal syncope in children and adolescents
Authors
Hong-Xia Li
Lu Gao
Yue Yuan
Publication date
01-02-2021
Publisher
Springer Singapore
Published in
World Journal of Pediatrics / Issue 1/2021
Print ISSN: 1708-8569
Electronic ISSN: 1867-0687
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-020-00367-z

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