Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Surgery
Published in: BMC Surgery 1/2012

Open Access 01-11-2012 | Research article

Use of statins in lower extremity artery disease: a review

Authors: Giuseppe Gargiulo, Giuseppe Giugliano, Linda Brevetti, Anna Sannino, Gabriele Giacomo Schiattarella, Federica Serino, Andreina Carbone, Fernando Scudiero, Marco Ferrone, Roberto Corrado, Raffaele Izzo, Lorenzo Chiariotti, Cinzia Perrino, Bruno Amato, Bruno Trimarco, Giovanni Esposito

Published in: BMC Surgery | Special Issue 1/2012

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Lower extremity artery disease (LE-PAD) is one of the most common manifestations of atherosclerosis, particularly in elderly patients, and it is related to a high cardiovascular risk.

Description

It is well established that statin therapy is characterized by crucial benefits on cardiovascular system by limiting atherosclerotic progression and reducing cardiovascular events and mortality. A growing body of evidence support efficacy of statins in LE-PAD due to the ability of both reducing cardiovascular risk and improving walking distance and, hence, quality of life. Consequently, statin therapy should be considered in all LE-PAD patients and new LDL-cholesterol targets should be reached.

Conclusions

Our opinion is that statin therapy remains still underutilized or with inadequate dosage, so therapy of LE-PAD patients should be improved to obtain all the demonstrated benefits of statins.
Literature
1.
Tendera M, Aboyans V, Bartelink ML, Baumgartner I, Clement D, Collet JP, Cremonesi A, De Carlo M, Erbel R, Fowkes FG, et al: ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of peripheral artery diseases: Document covering atherosclerotic disease of extracranial carotid and vertebral, mesenteric, renal, upper and lower extremity arteries: the Task Force on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Artery Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2011, 32 (22): 2851-2906.CrossRefPubMed
2.
Giugliano G, Di Serafino L, Perrino C, Schiano V, Laurenzano E, Cassese S, De Laurentis M, Schiattarella GG, Brevetti L, Sannino A, et al: Effects of successful percutaneous lower extremity revascularization on cardiovascular outcome in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Int J Cardiol. 2012
3.
Schiano V, Sirico G, Giugliano G, Laurenzano E, Brevetti L, Perrino C, Brevetti G, Esposito G: Femoral plaque echogenicity and cardiovascular risk in claudicants. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012, 5 (4): 348-357. 10.1016/j.jcmg.2012.01.011.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Perrino C, Gargiulo G, Pironti G, Franzone A, Scudiero L, De Laurentis M, Magliulo F, Ilardi F, Carotenuto G, Schiattarella GG, et al: Cardiovascular effects of treadmill exercise in physiological and pathological preclinical settings. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2011, 300 (6): H1983-1989. 10.1152/ajpheart.00784.2010.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Indolfi C, Avvedimento EV, Rapacciuolo A, Di Lorenzo E, Esposito G, Stabile E, Feliciello A, Mele E, Giuliano P, Condorelli G, et al: Inhibition of cellular ras prevents smooth muscle cell proliferation after vascular injury in vivo. Nat Med. 1995, 1 (6): 541-545. 10.1038/nm0695-541.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Indolfi C, Avvedimento EV, Di Lorenzo E, Esposito G, Rapacciuolo A, Giuliano P, Grieco D, Cavuto L, Stingone AM, Ciullo I, et al: Activation of cAMP-PKA signaling in vivo inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation induced by vascular injury. Nat Med. 1997, 3 (7): 775-779. 10.1038/nm0797-775.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Indolfi C, Stabile E, Perrino C, Chiariello M: Mechanisms of restenosis after angioplasty and approach to therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med. 1998, 2 (2): 143-148.PubMed
8.
Iaconetti C, Polimeni A, Sorrentino S, Sabatino J, Pironti G, Esposito G, Curcio A, Indolfi C: Inhibition of miR-92a increases endothelial proliferation and migration in vitro as well as reduces neointimal proliferation in vivo after vascular injury. Basic Res Cardiol. 2012, 107 (5): 296-CrossRefPubMed
9.
Indolfi C, Torella D, Cavuto L, Davalli AM, Coppola C, Esposito G, Carriero MV, Rapacciuolo A, Di Lorenzo E, Stabile E, et al: Effects of balloon injury on neointimal hyperplasia in streptozotocin-induced diabetes and in hyperinsulinemic nondiabetic pancreatic islet-transplanted rats. Circulation. 2001, 103 (24): 2980-2986. 10.1161/01.CIR.103.24.2980.CrossRefPubMed
10.
MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2002, 360 (9326): 7-22.
11.
Knopp RH, d'Emden M, Smilde JG, Pocock SJ: Efficacy and safety of atorvastatin in the prevention of cardiovascular end points in subjects with type 2 diabetes: the Atorvastatin Study for Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease Endpoints in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (ASPEN). Diabetes Care. 2006, 29 (7): 1478-1485. 10.2337/dc05-2415.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Indolfi C, Cioppa A, Stabile E, Di Lorenzo E, Esposito G, Pisani A, Leccia A, Cavuto L, Stingone AM, Chieffo A, et al: Effects of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor simvastatin on smooth muscle cell proliferation in vitro and neointimal formation in vivo after vascular injury. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000, 35 (1): 214-221. 10.1016/S0735-1097(99)00526-4.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Indolfi C, Di Lorenzo E, Perrino C, Stingone AM, Curcio A, Torella D, Cittadini A, Cardone L, Coppola C, Cavuto L, et al: Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor simvastatin prevents cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload and inhibits p21ras activation. Circulation. 2002, 106 (16): 2118-2124. 10.1161/01.CIR.0000034047.70205.97.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Perrino C, Schiattarella GG, Magliulo F, Ilardi F, Carotenuto G, Gargiulo G, Serino F, Ferrone M, Scudiero F, Carbone A, et al: Cardiac Side Effects of Chemotherapy: State of Art and Strategies for a Correct Management. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2012
15.
Aronow WS, Ahn C: Frequency of new coronary events in older persons with peripheral arterial disease and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol > or = 125 mg/dl treated with statins versus no lipid-lowering drug. Am J Cardiol. 2002, 90 (7): 789-791. 10.1016/S0002-9149(02)02616-4.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Schillinger M, Exner M, Mlekusch W, Amighi J, Sabeti S, Muellner M, Rumpold H, Wagner O, Minar E: Statin therapy improves cardiovascular outcome of patients with peripheral artery disease. Eur Heart J. 2004, 25 (9): 742-748. 10.1016/j.ehj.2004.02.012.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Feringa HH, van Waning VH, Bax JJ, Elhendy A, Boersma E, Schouten O, Galal W, Vidakovic RV, Tangelder MJ, Poldermans D: Cardioprotective medication is associated with improved survival in patients with peripheral arterial disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006, 47 (6): 1182-1187. 10.1016/j.jacc.2005.09.074.CrossRefPubMed
18.
de Groot E, Jukema JW, van Boven AJ, Reiber JH, Zwinderman AH, Lie KI, Ackerstaff RA, Bruschke AV: Effect of pravastatin on progression and regression of coronary atherosclerosis and vessel wall changes in carotid and femoral arteries: a report from the Regression Growth Evaluation Statin Study. Am J Cardiol. 1995, 76 (9): 40C-46C. 10.1016/S0002-9149(99)80469-X.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Momsen AH, Jensen MB, Norager CB, Madsen MR, Vestersgaard-Andersen T, Lindholt JS: Drug therapy for improving walking distance in intermittent claudication: a systematic review and meta-analysis of robust randomised controlled studies. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2009, 38 (4): 463-474. 10.1016/j.ejvs.2009.06.002.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Erez G, Leitersdorf E: The rationale for using HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ('statins') in peripheral arterial disease. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2007, 33 (2): 192-201. 10.1016/j.ejvs.2006.11.020.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Pedersen TR, Kjekshus J, Pyorala K, Olsson AG, Cook TJ, Musliner TA, Tobert JA, Haghfelt T: Effect of simvastatin on ischemic signs and symptoms in the Scandinavian simvastatin survival study (4S). Am J Cardiol. 1998, 81 (3): 333-335. 10.1016/S0002-9149(97)00904-1.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Vidula H, Tian L, Liu K, Criqui MH, Ferrucci L, Guralnik JM, Green D, Ridker P, McDermott MM: Comparison of effects of statin use on mortality in patients with peripheral arterial disease with versus without elevated C-reactive protein and d-dimer levels. Am J Cardiol. 2010, 105 (9): 1348-1352. 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.12.054.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
23.
Mondillo S, Ballo P, Barbati R, Guerrini F, Ammaturo T, Agricola E, Pastore M, Borrello F, Belcastro M, Picchi A, et al: Effects of simvastatin on walking performance and symptoms of intermittent claudication in hypercholesterolemic patients with peripheral vascular disease. Am J Med. 2003, 114 (5): 359-364. 10.1016/S0002-9343(03)00010-X.CrossRefPubMed
24.
Mohler ER, Hiatt WR, Creager MA: Cholesterol reduction with atorvastatin improves walking distance in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Circulation. 2003, 108 (12): 1481-1486. 10.1161/01.CIR.0000090686.57897.F5.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
Use of statins in lower extremity artery disease: a review
Authors
Giuseppe Gargiulo
Giuseppe Giugliano
Linda Brevetti
Anna Sannino
Gabriele Giacomo Schiattarella
Federica Serino
Andreina Carbone
Fernando Scudiero
Marco Ferrone
Roberto Corrado
Raffaele Izzo
Lorenzo Chiariotti
Cinzia Perrino
Bruno Amato
Bruno Trimarco
Giovanni Esposito
Publication date
01-11-2012
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Surgery / Issue Special Issue 1/2012
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2482
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2482-12-S1-S15

Other articles of this Special Issue 1/2012

BMC Surgery 1/2012 Go to the issue

Research article

Comparative study between Levobupivacaine and Bupivacaine for hernia surgery in the elderly

Research article

Testosterone deficiency causes penile fibrosis and organic erectile dysfunction in aging men. Evaluating association among Age, TDS and ED

Research article

Quality of life and depression in a cohort of female patients with chronic disease

Research article

Usefulness of a fast track list for anxious patients in a upper GI endoscopy

Research article

Early outcomes of colon laparoscopic resection in the elderly patients compared with the younger

Research article

Morpho-functional gastric pre-and post-operative changes in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstone related disease