Top

Published in:

01-01-2020 | Urge Incontinence | Urology - Original Paper

The preoperative pad test as a predictor of urinary incontinence and quality of life after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a prospective, observational, clinical study

Authors: Yoshimasa Kurimura, Nobuhiro Haga, Tomohiko Yanagida, Ryo Tanji, Akifumi Onagi, Ruriko Honda, Kanako Matsuoka, Seiji Hoshi, Junya Hata, Mitsutaka Onoda, Yuichi Sato, Hidenori Akaihata, Masao Kataoka, Soichiro Ogawa, Kei Ishibashi, Akio Matsubara, Yoshiyuki Kojima

Published in: International Urology and Nephrology | Issue 1/2020

Abstract

Purpose

To assess whether the preoperative 1-h pad test could predict postoperative urinary incontinence and quality of life after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

Methods

A total of 329 patients who underwent robot-assisted radical prostatectomy between 2013 and 2016 were prospectively enrolled in this study. These patients were divided into the preoperative urinary continence group and the preoperative urinary incontinence group according to the 1-h pad test. The time to achieve urinary continence, lower urinary tract function evaluated by uroflowmetry and post-voided residual urine volume, and quality of life evaluated by King’s Health Questionnaire and International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form were compared between these two groups.

Results

There were 190 patients (58%) in the preoperative urinary continence group (1-h pad test ≤ 2 g) and 139 patients (42%) in the preoperative urinary incontinence group (1-h pad test > 2 g). In the preoperative urinary continence/incontinence groups, 83%/76% of patients achieved continence within 12 months, respectively, and urinary incontinence remained significantly longer in the preoperative incontinence group than in the preoperative continence group (P = 0.042). Although there were no significant differences in all quality of life items between the two groups before surgery, several items were significantly higher in the preoperative urinary continence group.

Conclusion

Achievement of urinary continence and improvement of urinary quality of life are delayed in patients with preoperative urinary incontinence assessed by the 1-h pad test. The preoperative 1-h pad test could be a useful predictor of prolonged urinary incontinence and poor quality of life after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy.

Patel VR, Sivaraman A, Coelho RF, Chauhan S, Palmer KJ, Orvieto MA, Camacho I, Coughlin G, Rocco B (2011) Pentafecta: a new concept for reporting outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Eur Urol 59(5):702–707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2011.01.032 CrossRefPubMed

Jereczek-Fossa BA, Zerini D, Fodor C, Santoro L, Maucieri A, Gerardi MA, Vischioni B, Cambria R, Garibaldi C, Cattani F, Vavassori A, Matei DV, Musi G, De Cobelli O, Orecchia R (2014) Reporting combined outcomes with Trifecta and survival, continence, and potency (SCP) classification in 337 patients with prostate cancer treated with image-guided hypofractionated radiotherapy. BJU Int 114(6b):E3–E10. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.12530 CrossRefPubMed

Van Kampen M, Geraerts I, De Weerdt W, Van Poppel H (2009) An easy prediction of urinary incontinence duration after retropubic radical prostatectomy based on urine loss the first day after catheter withdrawal. J Urol 181(6):2641–2646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2009.02.025 CrossRefPubMed

Murphy G, Haddock P, Doak H, Jackson M, Dorin R, Meraney A, Kesler S, Staff I, Wagner JR (2015) Urinary bother as a predictor of postsurgical changes in urinary function after robotic radical prostatectomy. Urology 86(4):817–823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2015.04.041 CrossRefPubMed

Nguyen L, Jhaveri J, Tewari A (2008) Surgical technique to overcome anatomical shortcoming: balancing post-prostatectomy continence outcomes of urethral sphincter lengths on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. J Urol 179(5):1907–1911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2008.01.036 CrossRefPubMed

Tan HJ, Xiong S, Laviana AA, Chuang RJ, Treat E, Walsh PC, Hu JC (2016) Technique and outcomes of bladder neck intussusception during robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy: A parallel comparative trial. Urol Oncol 34(12):529.e521–529.e527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2015.01.012 CrossRef

You YC, Kim TH, Sung GT (2012) Effect of bladder neck preservation and posterior urethral reconstruction during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for urinary continence. Korean J Urol 53(1):29–33. https://doi.org/10.4111/kju.2012.53.1.29 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Lavigueur-Blouin H, Noriega AC, Valdivieso R, Hueber PA, Bienz M, Alhathal N, Latour M, Trinh QD, El-Hakim A, Zorn KC (2015) Predictors of early continence following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Can Urol Assoc J 9(1–2):e93–97. https://doi.org/10.5489/cuaj.2086 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Kim JJ, Ha YS, Kim JH, Jeon SS, Lee DH, Kim WJ, Kim IY (2012) Independent predictors of recovery of continence 3 months after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. J Endourol 26(10):1290–1295. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2012.0117 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

10.

Bahler CD, Sundaram CP, Kella N, Lucas SM, Boger MA, Gardner TA, Koch MO (2016) A parallel randomized clinical trial examining the return of urinary continence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with or without a small intestinal submucosa bladder neck sling. J Urol 196(1):179–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2016.01.010 CrossRefPubMed

11.

Kumar A, Samavedi S, Bates AS, Coelho RF, Rocco B, Palmer K, Patel VR (2015) Continence outcomes of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in patients with adverse urinary continence risk factors. BJU Int 116(5):764–770. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.13106 CrossRefPubMed

12.

Van Velthoven RF, Ahlering TE, Peltier A, Skarecky DW, Clayman RV (2003) Technique for laparoscopic running urethrovesical anastomosis:the single knot method. Urology 61(4):699–702. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0090-4295(02)02543-8 CrossRefPubMed

13.

Rocco F, Carmignani L, Acquati P, Gadda F, Dell’Orto P, Rocco B, Bozzini G, Gazzano G, Morabito A (2006) Restoration of posterior aspect of rhabdosphincter shortens continence time after radical retropubic prostatectomy. J Urol 175(6):2201–2206. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(06)00262-x CrossRefPubMed

14.

O’Sullivan R, Karantanis E, Stevermuer TL, Allen W, Moore KH (2004) Definition of mild, moderate and severe incontinence on the 24-hour pad test. BJOG 111(8):859–862. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00211.x CrossRefPubMed

15.

Haga N, Aikawa K, Hoshi S, Yabe M, Akaihata H, Hata J, Satoh Y, Ogawa S, Ishibashi K, Kojima Y (2016) Postoperative urinary incontinence exacerbates nocturia-specific quality of life after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Int J Urol 23(10):873–878. https://doi.org/10.1111/iju.13163 CrossRefPubMed

16.

Haga N, Hata J, Matsuoka K, Koguchi T, Akaihata H, Kataoka M, Sato Y, Ogawa S, Ishibashi K, Kojima Y (2018) The impact of nerve-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy on lower urinary tract function: prospective assessment of patient-reported outcomes and frequency volume charts. Neurourol Urodyn 37(1):322–330. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.23297 CrossRefPubMed

17.

Kaiho Y, Masuda H, Takei M, Hirayama T, Mitsui T, Yokoyama M, Kitta T, Kawamorita N, Nakagawa H, Iwamura M, Arai Y (2018) Surgical and patient reported outcomes of artificial urinary sphincter implantation: a multicenter, prospective, observational study. J Urol 199(1):245–250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.08.077 CrossRefPubMed

18.

Wei JT, Dunn RL, Marcovich R, Montie JE, Sanda MG (2000) Prospective assessment of patient reported urinary continence after radical prostatectomy. J Urol 164(3 Pt 1):744–748CrossRef

19.

Moore K, Allen M, Voaklander DC (2004) Pad tests and self-reports of continence in men awaiting radical prostatectomy: establishing baseline norms for males. Neurourol Urodyn 23(7):623–626. https://doi.org/10.1002/nau.20067 CrossRefPubMed

20.

Kadono Y, Nohara T, Kadomoto S, Nakashima K, Iijima M, Shigehara K, Narimoto K, Izumi K, Mizokami A (2016) Investigating urinary conditions prior to robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in search of a desirable method for evaluating post-prostatectomy incontinence. Anticancer Res 36(8):4293–4298PubMed

21.

von Bodman C, Matsushita K, Savage C, Matikainen MP, Eastham JA, Scardino PT, Rabbani F, Akin O, Sandhu JS (2012) Recovery of urinary function after radical prostatectomy: predictors of urinary function on preoperative prostate magnetic resonance imaging. J Urol 187(3):945–950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.10.143 CrossRef

22.

Kadono Y, Ueno S, Iwamoto D, Takezawa Y, Nohara T, Izumi K, Mizokami A, Namiki M (2015) Chronological urodynamic evaluation of changing bladder and urethral functions after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Urology 85(6):1441–1447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2015.02.029 CrossRefPubMed

23.

Matsukawa Y, Hattori R, Yoshikawa Y, Ono Y, Gotoh M (2009) Laparoscopic versus open radical prostatectomy: urodynamic evaluation of vesicourethral function. Int J Urol 16(4):393–396CrossRef

24.

Schroeck FR, Krupski TL, Sun L, Albala DM, Price MM, Polascik TJ, Robertson CN, Tewari AK, Moul JW (2008) Satisfaction and regret after open retropubic or robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Eur Urol 54(4):785–793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2008.06.063 CrossRefPubMed

25.

Schroeck FR, Krupski TL, Stewart SB, Banez LL, Gerber L, Albala DM, Moul JW (2012) Pretreatment expectations of patients undergoing robotic assisted laparoscopic or open retropubic radical prostatectomy. J Urol 187(3):894–898. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.10.135 CrossRefPubMed

26.

Kakehi Y, Kamoto T, Shiraishi T, Ogawa O, Suzukamo Y, Fukuhara S, Saito Y, Tobisu K, Kakizoe T, Shibata T, Fukuda H, Akakura K, Suzuki H, Shinohara N, Egawa S, Irie A, Sato T, Maeda O, Meguro N, Sumiyoshi Y, Suzuki T, Shimizu N, Arai Y, Terai A, Kato T, Habuchi T, Fujimoto H, Niwakawa M (2008) Prospective evaluation of selection criteria for active surveillance in Japanese patients with stage T1cN0M0 prostate cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 38(2):122–128. https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hym161 CrossRefPubMed

27.

Kelleher CJ, Cardozo LD, Khullar V, Salvatore S (1997) A new questionnaire to assess the quality of life of urinary incontinent women. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 104(12):1374–1379. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb11006.x CrossRefPubMed

28.

Hunskaar S, Burgio K, Diokno A, Herzog AR, Hjälmås K, Lapitan MC (2003) Epidemiology and natural history of urinary incontinence in women. Urology 62(4):16–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0090-4295(03)00755-6 CrossRefPubMed

29.

Haga N, Ogawa S, Yabe M, Akaihata H, Hata J, Sato Y, Ishibashi K, Hasegawa O, Kikuchi K, Shishido F, Kojima Y (2015) Factors contributing to early recovery of urinary continence analyzed by pre- and postoperative pelvic anatomical features at robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. J Endourol 29(6):683–690. https://doi.org/10.1089/end.2014.0708 CrossRefPubMed

30.

Haga N, Ogawa S, Yabe M, Akaihata H, Hata J, Sato Y, Ishibashi K, Hasegawa O, Kikuchi K, Shishido F, Kojima Y (2014) Association between postoperative pelvic anatomic features on magnetic resonance imaging and lower tract urinary symptoms after radical prostatectomy. Urology 84(3):642–649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2014.04.044 CrossRefPubMed

31.

Basto MY, Vidyasagar C, te Marvelde L, Freeborn H, Birch E, Landau A, Murphy DG, Moon D (2014) Early urinary continence recovery after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in older Australian men. BJU Int 114(Suppl 1):29–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.12800 CrossRefPubMed

32.

Novara G, Ficarra V, D’Elia C, Secco S, Cioffi A, Cavalleri S, Artibani W (2010) Evaluating urinary continence and preoperative predictors of urinary continence after robot assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. J Urol 184(3):1028–1033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2010.04.069 CrossRefPubMed

33.

Shao IH, Chang YH, Hou CM, Lin ZF, Wu CT (2018) Predictors of short-term and long-term incontinence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. J Int Med Res 46(1):421–429. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060517715396 CrossRefPubMed

34.

Lee JK, Assel M, Thong AE, Sjoberg DD, Mulhall JP, Sandhu J, Vickers AJ, Ehdaie B (2015) Unexpected long-term improvements in urinary and erectile function in a large cohort of men with self-reported outcomes following radical prostatectomy. Eur Urol 68(5):899–905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2015.07.074 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Title: The preoperative pad test as a predictor of urinary incontinence and quality of life after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a prospective, observational, clinical study
Authors: Yoshimasa Kurimura
Nobuhiro Haga
Tomohiko Yanagida
Ryo Tanji
Akifumi Onagi
Ruriko Honda
Kanako Matsuoka
Seiji Hoshi
Junya Hata
Mitsutaka Onoda
Yuichi Sato
Hidenori Akaihata
Masao Kataoka
Soichiro Ogawa
Kei Ishibashi
Akio Matsubara
Yoshiyuki Kojima
Publication date: 01-01-2020
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Keywords: Urge Incontinence
Urinary Incontinence
Prostatectomy
Urinary Incontinence
Prostatectomy
Published in: International Urology and Nephrology / Issue 1/2020
Print ISSN: 0301-1623
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2584
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-019-02301-3

Live Webinar | 27-06-2024 | 18:00 (CEST)

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Reserve your place

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

WHO estimates that half of all patients worldwide are non-adherent to their prescribed medication. The consequences of poor adherence can be catastrophic, on both the individual and population level.

Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.

Prof. Kevin Dolgin

Prof. Florian Limbourg

Prof. Anoop Chauhan

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Obesity Clinical Trial Summary

At a glance: The STEP trials

A round-up of the STEP phase 3 clinical trials evaluating semaglutide for weight loss in people with overweight or obesity.

Developed by: Springer Medicine

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2020

Quality of life and cognitive and functional performance of octogenarians and nonagenarians undergoing hemodialysis

Comparison of different lymph node staging schemes in prostate cancer patients with lymph node metastasis

HPV infection in urology practice

The association of the decline in glomerular filtration rate with aggressive endometrial cancers

Relationship between parathyroid oxyphil cell proportion and clinical characteristics of patients with chronic kidney disease

Comparison of the effects of valsartan plus activated vitamin D versus valsartan alone in IgA nephropathy with moderate proteinuria

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Live: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)

At a glance: The STEP trials