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BMC Public Health
Published in: BMC Public Health 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Type 2 Diabetes | Research

Exploring determinants of sex and family history-based disparity in type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence among clinical patients

Authors: Fahad Abdulaziz Alrashed, Muhammad Iqbal, Abdulrahman M Alsubiheen, Tauseef Ahmad

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Background

Type 2 diabetes mellitus represents a multifaceted disorder characterized by intricate pathophysiological mechanisms, encompassing diminished insulin secretion, augmented hepatic glucose production, and heightened insulin resistance. This study aims to assess the sex (Male and Female only) and family history-based differences in the prevalence of T2DM and explore the determinants contributing to this disparity among clinical patients.

Subjects and methods

The study encompassed a diverse pool of clinical patients, encompassing both individuals with diabetes and those without the condition, who had previously sought medical attention for clinical checkups at healthcare centers. The collected data included essential parameters such as blood pressure, weight, height, smoking habits, educational background, and physical activity levels. To ensure methodological rigor and data accuracy, blood pressure measurements adhered to the stringent guidelines set forth by the World Health Organization.

Results

Participants of the present study reported diabetes, among which notable findings emerged regarding health indicators. It was observed that the prevalence of high blood pressure, obesity, and high blood cholesterol exhibited a statistically significant increase among the female participants, underscoring the sex-based disparities in these health parameters. The male population aged 60 or older, the presence of a family history of DM accentuated this risk, resulting in a striking 3.1 times higher prevalence compared to females, who exhibited a 2.4 times higher risk (OR = 2.4, p = 0.0008). This intriguing relationship between diabetes and cholesterol levels was not limited to sex. Both male (OR = 2.47) and female (OR = 2.1) diabetes patients displayed highly significant associations with cholesterol levels. The risk of T2DM was significantly associated with triglycerides in both sexes (1.58 times higher in males, and 1.71 times higher in females).

Conclusions

The significance of hypertension as a comorbidity in T2DM, highlighting sex-specific associations and the potential impact of a family history of diabetes on blood pressure. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering lipid profiles, obesity, and their sex-specific associations when assessing and managing diabetes risk. Comprehensive diabetes care should include strategies for lipid control, weight management, and cardiovascular risk reduction, tailored to the individual’s sex and specific risk profile.
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Metadata
Title
Exploring determinants of sex and family history-based disparity in type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence among clinical patients
Authors
Fahad Abdulaziz Alrashed
Muhammad Iqbal
Abdulrahman M Alsubiheen
Tauseef Ahmad
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Keyword
Type 2 Diabetes
Published in
BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-18170-0

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