Triplets on endometrial tuberculosis after two embryo transfer: a case report and the review of the literature

Excerpt

Tuberculosis of lower genital tract is a common condition in developing countries. Among the infertilities throughout the world, the incidence of genital tuberculosis (GT) varies from 1 to 16% [1]. It is again getting a serious health problem all over the world. It is an inevitable approach to take an endometrial biopsy in patients who have risk factors for GT while searching for infertility due to high incidence of GT in developing countries [2]. Most of the women with GT are typically at the age of 20–40 and they are diagnosed during a search for infertility. GT generally occurs secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis by the haematogenous spread; primary infection is rare. Although early diagnosis of GT before creating any obstacles for reproductive organs is important for the treatment of disease, the majority of affected women remain asymptomatic. To confirm the diagnosis, culture of menstrual secretions or endometrial curettage material can be used to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis [3]. GT is treated with long-term multidrug therapy in the same way as pulmonary tuberculosis is treated. In case of necessity, surgical intervention can be used. Unfortunately, successful pregnancy rate is low despite medical and surgical measures. On the other hand, if pregnancy occurs, it may end with ectopic pregnancies or abortions. In vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer are the most effective treatments for tuberculosis infertility [3]. In the present case report, we outlined a successful treatment of a woman with endometrial tuberculosis and its eventual outcome. …