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Insulin Human 

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  1. Open Access 01-12-2023 | Insulins | OriginalPaper

    A multi-scale digital twin for adiposity-driven insulin resistance in humans: diet and drug effects

    Insulin resistance is increasing in prevalence, partly due to a general weight increase in the population, and it is one of today’s major health problems. Insulin resistance is both a part of, and a precursor of, type 2 diabetes. The progression …

  2. 14-08-2023 | Insulins | OriginalPaper

    Insulin Tregopil: An Ultra-Fast Oral Recombinant Human Insulin Analog: Preclinical and Clinical Development in Diabetes Mellitus

    Insulin therapy is indispensable for achieving glycemic control in all patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and many patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin injections are associated with negative connotations in patients owing to …

  3. Open Access 08-03-2023 | Insulins | OriginalPaper

    Presence of immunogenic alternatively spliced insulin gene product in human pancreatic delta cells

    Polyhormonal endocrine cells have been shown to reside in human fetal pancreatic islets and in individuals with type 2 diabetes and chronic pancreatitis but fully differentiated endocrine cells are classically dedicated to produce a single hormone …

  4. 01-12-2022 | Obesity | Original Research

    Temporal relationship among adiposity, gut microbiota, and insulin resistance in a longitudinal human cohort

    Adiposity/obesity has become a major public health issue, with a global prevalence of 13% in 2016 [ 1 ]. One of the major threats of adiposity is its detrimental impact on the insulin resistance [ 2 ]. Identification of novel intervention …

  5. Open Access 01-12-2022 | Alzheimer's Disease | OriginalPaper

    Insulin-like growth factor 5 associates with human Aß plaques and promotes cognitive impairment

    Risk factors such as dysregulation of Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling have been linked to Alzheimer’s disease. Here we show that Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5 (Igfbp5), an inhibitory binding protein for insulin-like …

  6. Open Access 25-10-2022 | Insulins | OriginalPaper

    Intra-islet insulin synthesis defects are associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress and loss of beta cell identity in human diabetes

    Beta cell dysfunction and consequent insulin deficiency contribute to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes [ 1 ]. Indeed, studies examining the timing and relationship between changes in beta cell molecular architecture, insulin secretion, insulin

  7. 02-12-2022 | Insulins | OriginalPaper

    Prolonged culture of human pancreatic islets under glucotoxic conditions changes their acute beta cell calcium and insulin secretion glucose response curves from sigmoid to bell-shaped

    Pancreatic beta cells are critical for glucose homeostasis owing to their ability to constantly adapt insulin secretion to changes in the concentrations of glucose and other nutrients. In humans and rodents, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion …

  8. Open Access 30-09-2022 | Insulins | OriginalPaper

    Hyperbaric oxygen rapidly improves tissue-specific insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial capacity in humans with type 2 diabetes: a randomised placebo-controlled crossover trial

    Various studies have suggested a causal relationship between oxidative stress and insulin resistance [ 1 ], an early hallmark of type 2 diabetes. Indeed, mechanisms involved in the development of insulin resistance comprise not only lipotoxicity …

  9. Open Access 01-02-2022 | Insulins | OriginalPaper

    Dietary palmitate and oleate differently modulate insulin sensitivity in human skeletal muscle

    Western-style diets, as defined by high intake of energy and fat, have been related to the rising prevalence of insulin-resistant states such as obesity and type 2 diabetes [ 1 , 2 ]. Although current guidelines recommend diets low in saturated …

  10. Open Access 01-12-2021 | Insulins | OriginalPaper

    Brain insulin signaling and cerebrovascular disease in human postmortem brain

    Insulin is an important hormone for brain function, and alterations in insulin metabolism may be associated with neuropathology. We examined associations of molecular markers of brain insulin signaling with cerebrovascular disease. Participants …

  11. 01-12-2021 | Insulins | Original Research

    Relationship between insulin sensitivity and gene expression in human skeletal muscle

    Insulin resistance (or low insulin sensitivity) in skeletal muscle is a key feature of the pre-diabetic state and a predictor of type 2 diabetes (T2D) [ 1 , 2 ]. It is also observed in individuals with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular …

  12. Open Access 08-07-2022 | Insulins | OriginalPaper

    Glucose-mediated insulin secretion is improved in FHL2-deficient mice and elevated FHL2 expression in humans is associated with type 2 diabetes

    The global population is experiencing unprecedented ageing. The number of people aged over 60 years has doubled in the last 40 years [ 1 ] as a consequence of medical and social developments. However, the ageing process increases morbidities. These …

  13. Open Access 01-12-2021 | Type 2 Diabetes | BriefCommunication

    Leveraging human genetic data to investigate the cardiometabolic effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide signalling

    Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (or gastric inhibitory polypeptide, GIP) is an incretin peptide that stimulates insulin secretion after oral nutrient intake. Both GIP and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) are involved in regulating …

  14. 01-11-2021 | Insulins | OriginalPaper

    Progressive endoplasmic reticulum stress over time due to human insulin gene mutation contributes to pancreatic beta cell dysfunction

    Neonatal diabetes is caused by mutations in genes, such as INS [ 1 ], affecting insulin processing and/or secretion, leading to insulin deficiency [ 2 ]. The insulin gene is translated as preproinsulin, consisting of the signal peptide, B-chain …

  15. Open Access 01-09-2021 | Insulins | OriginalPaper

    Efficacy of a New Protocol of Premixed 70/30 Human Insulin in Haitian Youth with Diabetes

    Glycemic control is the single most important predictor of an increased risk for diabetes-related complications [ 1 ]. Analog basal-bolus insulin regimens are the standard of care in high-income settings where increasingly smarter insulin delivery …

  16. 01-07-2020 | Insulin Glulisine | OriginalPaper

    Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization in-source decay mass spectrometry analysis of human insulin and insulin analogues for the identification of insulin from insulin preparations

    Insulin preparations have contributed to the treatment of diabetes mellitus for over 90 years [ 1 – 3 ]. At the same time, they have been associated with large social incidents and accidents, such as homicides, suicides, and road accidents by …

  17. Open Access 01-02-2021 | Insulins | OriginalPaper

    Human skeletal muscle mitochondrial dynamics in relation to oxidative capacity and insulin sensitivity

    Over the past decades, a large number of studies have linked a reduced mitochondrial capacity to the aetiology of skeletal muscle insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (reviewed in [ 1 – 3 ]). Despite the numerous reports of mitochondrial …

  18. 01-01-2021 | Obesity | OriginalPaper

    Subcellular localisation and composition of intramuscular triacylglycerol influence insulin sensitivity in humans

    Many studies have linked intramuscular triacylglycerol (IMTG) content to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes [ 1 – 4 ], and while it has been suggested that IMTG may be causally associated with insulin resistance, this hypothesis has not been …

  19. 01-01-2020 | Insulin Glargine | News

    Colorectal cancer: long-acting insulin analogs vs human insulin

  20. Open Access 01-03-2020 | Insulins | ReviewPaper

    Rapid-Acting Insulin Analogues Versus Regular Human Insulin: A Meta-Analysis of Effects on Glycemic Control in Patients with Diabetes

    The three main components of dysglycaemia in patients with diabetes are chronic hyperglycaemia, hypoglycaemia and glycemic variability (GV) [ 1 ]. GV is a measure of changes in blood glucose (BG) levels, both throughout the day and over time.

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