Top

Published in:

01-03-2014 | Original Paper

TMEM106B protects C9ORF72 expansion carriers against frontotemporal dementia

Authors: Marka van Blitterswijk, Bianca Mullen, Alexandra M. Nicholson, Kevin F. Bieniek, Michael G. Heckman, Matthew C. Baker, Mariely DeJesus-Hernandez, NiCole A. Finch, Patricia H. Brown, Melissa E. Murray, Ging-Yuek R. Hsiung, Heather Stewart, Anna M. Karydas, Elizabeth Finger, Andrew Kertesz, Eileen H. Bigio, Sandra Weintraub, Marsel Mesulam, Kimmo J. Hatanpaa, Charles L. White III, Michael J. Strong, Thomas G. Beach, Zbigniew K. Wszolek, Carol Lippa, Richard Caselli, Leonard Petrucelli, Keith A. Josephs, Joseph E. Parisi, David S. Knopman, Ronald C. Petersen, Ian R. Mackenzie, William W. Seeley, Lea T. Grinberg, Bruce L. Miller, Kevin B. Boylan, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Bradley F. Boeve, Dennis W. Dickson, Rosa Rademakers

Published in: Acta Neuropathologica | Issue 3/2014

Abstract

Variants in transmembrane protein 106 B (TMEM106B) modify the disease penetrance of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) in carriers of progranulin (GRN) mutations. We investigated whether TMEM106B is also a genetic modifier of disease in carriers of chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72) expansions. We assessed the genotype of 325 C9ORF72 expansion carriers (cohort 1), 586 FTD patients lacking C9ORF72 expansions [with or without motor neuron disease (MND); cohort 2], and a total of 1,302 controls for TMEM106B variants (rs3173615 and rs1990622) using MassArray iPLEX and Taqman genotyping assays. For our primary analysis, we focused on functional variant rs3173615, and employed a recessive genotypic model. In cohort 1, patients with C9ORF72 expansions showed a significantly reduced frequency of carriers homozygous for the minor allele as compared to controls [11.9 vs. 19.1 %, odds ratio (OR) 0.57, p = 0.014; same direction as carriers of GRN mutations]. The strongest evidence was provided by FTD patients (OR 0.33, p = 0.009) followed by FTD/MND patients (OR 0.38, p = 0.017), whereas no significant difference was observed in MND patients (OR 0.85, p = 0.55). In cohort 2, the frequency of carriers homozygous for the minor allele was not significantly reduced in patients as compared to controls (OR 0.77, p = 0.079); however, a significant reduction was observed when focusing on those patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 inclusions (FTLD-TDP; OR 0.26, p < 0.001). Our study identifies TMEM106B as the first genetic factor modifying disease presentation in C9ORF72 expansion carriers. Homozygosity for the minor allele protects carriers from developing FTD, but not from developing MND; similar effects are seen in FTLD-TDP patients with yet unknown genetic causes. These new findings show that the protective effects of TMEM106B are not confined to carriers of GRN mutations and might be relevant for prognostic testing, and as a promising therapeutic target for the entire spectrum of FTLD-TDP.

Available only for authorised users

Ash PE, Bieniek KF, Gendron TF, Caulfield T, Lin WL, Dejesus-Hernandez M, van Blitterswijk MM, Jansen-West K, Paul JW 3rd, Rademakers R, Boylan KB, Dickson DW, Petrucelli L (2013) Unconventional translation of C9ORF72 GGGGCC expansion generates insoluble polypeptides specific to c9FTD/ALS. Neuron 77(4):639–646. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.02.004 PubMedCrossRef

Baker M, Mackenzie IR, Pickering-Brown SM, Gass J, Rademakers R, Lindholm C, Snowden J, Adamson J, Sadovnick AD, Rollinson S, Cannon A, Dwosh E, Neary D, Melquist S, Richardson A, Dickson D, Berger Z, Eriksen J, Robinson T, Zehr C, Dickey CA, Crook R, McGowan E, Mann D, Boeve B, Feldman H, Hutton M (2006) Mutations in progranulin cause tau-negative frontotemporal dementia linked to chromosome 17. Nature 442(7105):916–919. doi:10.1038/nature05016

Brady OA, Zheng Y, Murphy K, Huang M, Hu F (2013) The frontotemporal lobar degeneration risk factor, TMEM106B, regulates lysosomal morphology and function. Hum Mol Genet 22(4):685–695. doi:10.1093/hmg/dds475 PubMedCrossRef

Chen-Plotkin AS, Unger TL, Gallagher MD, Bill E, Kwong LK, Volpicelli-Daley L, Busch JI, Akle S, Grossman M, Van Deerlin V, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VM (2012) TMEM106B, the risk gene for frontotemporal dementia, is regulated by the microRNA-132/212 cluster and affects progranulin pathways. J Neurosci 32(33):11213–11227. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0521-12.2012 PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Cruchaga C, Graff C, Chiang HH, Wang J, Hinrichs AL, Spiegel N, Bertelsen S, Mayo K, Norton JB, Morris JC, Goate A (2011) Association of TMEM106B gene polymorphism with age at onset in granulin mutation carriers and plasma granulin protein levels. Arch Neurol 68(5):581–586. doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.350 PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Cruts M, Gijselinck I, van der Zee J, Engelborghs S, Wils H, Pirici D, Rademakers R, Vandenberghe R, Dermaut B, Martin JJ, van Duijn C, Peeters K, Sciot R, Santens P, De Pooter T, Mattheijssens M, Van den Broeck M, Cuijt I, Vennekens K, De Deyn PP, Kumar-Singh S, Van Broeckhoven C (2006) Null mutations in progranulin cause ubiquitin-positive frontotemporal dementia linked to chromosome 17q21. Nature 442(7105):920–924. doi:10.1038/nature05017

DeJesus-Hernandez M, Mackenzie IR, Boeve BF, Boxer AL, Baker M, Rutherford NJ, Nicholson AM, Finch NA, Flynn H, Adamson J, Kouri N, Wojtas A, Sengdy P, Hsiung GY, Karydas A, Seeley WW, Josephs KA, Coppola G, Geschwind DH, Wszolek ZK, Feldman H, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Miller BL, Dickson DW, Boylan KB, Graff-Radford NR, Rademakers R (2011) Expanded GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeat in noncoding region of C9ORF72 causes chromosome 9p- linked FTD and ALS. Neuron 72(2):245–256. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.09.011 PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Finch N, Carrasquillo MM, Baker M, Rutherford NJ, Coppola G, Dejesus-Hernandez M, Crook R, Hunter T, Ghidoni R, Benussi L, Crook J, Finger E, Hantanpaa KJ, Karydas AM, Sengdy P, Gonzalez J, Seeley WW, Johnson N, Beach TG, Mesulam M, Forloni G, Kertesz A, Knopman DS, Uitti R, White CL 3rd, Caselli R, Lippa C, Bigio EH, Wszolek ZK, Binetti G, Mackenzie IR, Miller BL, Boeve BF, Younkin SG, Dickson DW, Petersen RC, Graff-Radford NR, Geschwind DH, Rademakers R (2011) TMEM106B regulates progranulin levels and the penetrance of FTLD in GRN mutation carriers. Neurology 76(5):467–474. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31820a0e3b

Gass J, Cannon A, Mackenzie IR, Boeve B, Baker M, Adamson J, Crook R, Melquist S, Kuntz K, Petersen R, Josephs K, Pickering-Brown SM, Graff-Radford N, Uitti R, Dickson D, Wszolek Z, Gonzalez J, Beach TG, Bigio E, Johnson N, Weintraub S, Mesulam M, White CL 3rd, Woodruff B, Caselli R, Hsiung GY, Feldman H, Knopman D, Hutton M, Rademakers R (2006) Mutations in progranulin are a major cause of ubiquitin-positive frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Hum Mol Genet 15(20):2988–3001. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddl241

10.

Han JH, Ryu HH, Jun MH, Jang DJ, Lee JA (2012) The functional analysis of the CHMP2B missense mutation associated with neurodegenerative diseases in the endo-lysosomal pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 421(3):544–549. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.04.041 PubMedCrossRef

11.

Holm S (1979) A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure. Scand J Stat 6:65–70

12.

Lang CM, Fellerer K, Schwenk BM, Kuhn PH, Kremmer E, Edbauer D, Capell A, Haass C (2012) Membrane orientation and subcellular localization of transmembrane protein 106B (TMEM106B), a major risk factor for frontotemporal lobar degeneration. J Biol Chem 287(23):19355–19365. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112.365098 PubMedCrossRef

13.

Lee JA, Beigneux A, Ahmad ST, Young SG, Gao FB (2007) ESCRT-III dysfunction causes autophagosome accumulation and neurodegeneration. Curr Biol 17(18):1561–1567. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.07.029

14.

Mackenzie IR, Neumann M, Baborie A, Sampathu DM, Du Plessis D, Jaros E, Perry RH, Trojanowski JQ, Mann DM, Lee VM (2011) A harmonized classification system for FTLD-TDP pathology. Acta Neuropathol 122(1):111–113. doi:10.1007/s00401-011-0845-8 PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

15.

Mackenzie IR, Neumann M, Bigio EH, Cairns NJ, Alafuzoff I, Kril J, Kovacs GG, Ghetti B, Halliday G, Holm IE, Ince PG, Kamphorst W, Revesz T, Rozemuller AJ, Kumar-Singh S, Akiyama H, Baborie A, Spina S, Dickson DW, Trojanowski JQ, Mann DM (2009) Nomenclature for neuropathologic subtypes of frontotemporal lobar degeneration: consensus recommendations. Acta Neuropathol 117(1):15–18. doi:10.1007/s00401-008-0460-5 PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

16.

Majounie E, Renton AE, Mok K, Dopper EG, Waite A, Rollinson S, Chio A, Restagno G, Nicolaou N, Simon-Sanchez J, van Swieten JC, Abramzon Y, Johnson JO, Sendtner M, Pamphlett R, Orrell RW, Mead S, Sidle KC, Houlden H, Rohrer JD, Morrison KE, Pall H, Talbot K, Ansorge O, Hernandez DG, Arepalli S, Sabatelli M, Mora G, Corbo M, Giannini F, Calvo A, Englund E, Borghero G, Floris GL, Remes AM, Laaksovirta H, McCluskey L, Trojanowski JQ, Van Deerlin VM, Schellenberg GD, Nalls MA, Drory VE, Lu CS, Yeh TH, Ishiura H, Takahashi Y, Tsuji S, Le Ber I, Brice A, Drepper C, Williams N, Kirby J, Shaw P, Hardy J, Tienari PJ, Heutink P, Morris HR, Pickering-Brown S, Traynor BJ (2012) Frequency of the C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia: a cross-sectional study. Lancet Neurol 11(4):323–330. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(12)70043-1

17.

Mori K, Weng SM, Arzberger T, May S, Rentzsch K, Kremmer E, Schmid B, Kretzschmar HA, Cruts M, Van Broeckhoven C, Haass C, Edbauer D (2013) The C9orf72 GGGGCC repeat is translated into aggregating dipeptide-repeat proteins in FTLD/ALS. Science 339(6125):1335–1338. doi:10.1126/science.1232927 PubMedCrossRef

18.

Neumann M, Sampathu DM, Kwong LK, Truax AC, Micsenyi MC, Chou TT, Bruce J, Schuck T, Grossman M, Clark CM, McCluskey LF, Miller BL, Masliah E, Mackenzie IR, Feldman H, Feiden W, Kretzschmar HA, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VM (2006) Ubiquitinated TDP-43 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Science 314(5796):130–133. doi:10.1126/science.1134108

19.

Nicholson AM, Finch NA, Wojtas A, Baker MC, Perkerson RB 3rd, Castanedes-Casey M, Rousseau L, Benussi L, Binetti G, Ghidoni R, Hsiung GY, Mackenzie IR, Finger E, Boeve BF, Ertekin-Taner N, Graff-Radford NR, Dickson DW, Rademakers R (2013) TMEM106B p. T185S regulates TMEM106B protein levels: implications for frontotemporal dementia. J Neurochem 126(6):781–791. doi:10.1111/jnc.12329 PubMedCrossRef

20.

Ramanathan HN, Ye Y (2012) The p97 ATPase associates with EEA1 to regulate the size of early endosomes. Cell Res 22(2):346–359. doi:10.1038/cr.2011.80 PubMedCrossRef

21.

Renton AE, Majounie E, Waite A, Simon-Sanchez J, Rollinson S, Gibbs JR, Schymick JC, Laaksovirta H, van Swieten JC, Myllykangas L, Kalimo H, Paetau A, Abramzon Y, Remes AM, Kaganovich A, Scholz SW, Duckworth J, Ding J, Harmer DW, Hernandez DG, Johnson JO, Mok K, Ryten M, Trabzuni D, Guerreiro RJ, Orrell RW, Neal J, Murray A, Pearson J, Jansen IE, Sondervan D, Seelaar H, Blake D, Young K, Halliwell N, Callister JB, Toulson G, Richardson A, Gerhard A, Snowden J, Mann D, Neary D, Nalls MA, Peuralinna T, Jansson L, Isoviita VM, Kaivorinne AL, Holtta-Vuori M, Ikonen E, Sulkava R, Benatar M, Wuu J, Chio A, Restagno G, Borghero G, Sabatelli M, Heckerman D, Rogaeva E, Zinman L, Rothstein JD, Sendtner M, Drepper C, Eichler EE, Alkan C, Abdullaev Z, Pack SD, Dutra A, Pak E, Hardy J, Singleton A, Williams NM, Heutink P, Pickering-Brown S, Morris HR, Tienari PJ, Traynor BJ (2011) A hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is the cause of chromosome 9p21-linked ALS-FTD. Neuron 72(2):257–268. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.09.010 PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

22.

Ritz D, Vuk M, Kirchner P, Bug M, Schutz S, Hayer A, Bremer S, Lusk C, Baloh RH, Lee H, Glatter T, Gstaiger M, Aebersold R, Weihl CC, Meyer H (2011) Endolysosomal sorting of ubiquitylated caveolin-1 is regulated by VCP and UBXD1 and impaired by VCP disease mutations. Nat Cell Biol 13(9):1116–1123. doi:10.1038/ncb2301 PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

23.

Rollinson S, Mead S, Snowden J, Richardson A, Rohrer J, Halliwell N, Usher S, Neary D, Mann D, Hardy J, Pickering-Brown S (2011) Frontotemporal lobar degeneration genome wide association study replication confirms a risk locus shared with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurobiol Aging 32(4):758.e751–758. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2010.12.005

24.

Urwin H, Authier A, Nielsen JE, Metcalf D, Powell C, Froud K, Malcolm DS, Holm I, Johannsen P, Brown J, Fisher EM, van der Zee J, Bruyland M, Van Broeckhoven C, Collinge J, Brandner S, Futter C, Isaacs AM (2010) Disruption of endocytic trafficking in frontotemporal dementia with CHMP2B mutations. Hum Mol Genet 19(11):2228–2238. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddq100 PubMedCrossRef

25.

van Blitterswijk M, Baker MC, Dejesus-Hernandez M, Ghidoni R, Benussi L, Finger E, Hsiung GY, Kelley BJ, Murray ME, Rutherford NJ, Brown PE, Ravenscroft T, Mullen B, Ash PE, Bieniek KF, Hatanpaa KJ, Karydas A, McCarty Wood E, Coppola G, Bigio EH, Lippa C, Strong MJ, Beach TG, Knopman DS, Huey ED, Mesulam M, Bird T, White CL 3rd, Kertesz A, Geschwind DH, Van Deerlin VM, Petersen RC, Binetti G, Miller BL, Petrucelli L, Wszolek ZK, Boylan KB, Graff-Radford NR, Mackenzie IR, Boeve BF, Dickson DW, Rademakers R (2013) C9ORF72 repeat expansions in cases with previously identified pathogenic mutations. Neurology 81(15):1332–1341. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a8250c

26.

van Blitterswijk M, Dejesus-Hernandez M, Niemantsverdriet E, Murray ME, Heckman MG, Diehl NN, Brown PH, Baker MC, Finch NA, Bauer PO, Serrano G, Beach TG, Josephs KA, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Boeve BF, Graff-Radford NR, Boylan KB, Petrucelli L, Dickson DW, Rademakers R (2013) Association between repeat sizes and clinical and pathological characteristics in carriers of C9ORF72 repeat expansions (Xpansize-72): a cross-sectional cohort study. Lancet Neurol 12(10):978–988. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70210-2 PubMedCrossRef

27.

van Blitterswijk M, DeJesus-Hernandez M, Rademakers R (2012) How do C9ORF72 repeat expansions cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia: can we learn from other noncoding repeat expansion disorders? Curr Opin Neurol 25(6):689–700. doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e32835a3efb PubMedCrossRef

28.

Van Deerlin VM, Sleiman PM, Martinez-Lage M, Chen-Plotkin A, Wang LS, Graff-Radford NR, Dickson DW, Rademakers R, Boeve BF, Grossman M, Arnold SE, Mann DM, Pickering-Brown SM, Seelaar H, Heutink P, van Swieten JC, Murrell JR, Ghetti B, Spina S, Grafman J, Hodges J, Spillantini MG, Gilman S, Lieberman AP, Kaye JA, Woltjer RL, Bigio EH, Mesulam M, Al- Sarraj S, Troakes C, Rosenberg RN, White CL 3rd, Ferrer I, Llado A, Neumann M, Kretzschmar HA, Hulette CM, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Miller BL, Alzualde A, Lopez de Munain A, McKee AC, Gearing M, Levey AI, Lah JJ, Hardy J, Rohrer JD, Lashley T, Mackenzie IR, Feldman HH, Hamilton RL, Dekosky ST, van der Zee J, Kumar-Singh S, Van Broeckhoven C, Mayeux R, Vonsattel JP, Troncoso JC, Kril JJ, Kwok JB, Halliday GM, Bird TD, Ince PG, Shaw PJ, Cairns NJ, Morris JC, McLean CA, DeCarli C, Ellis WG, Freeman SH, Frosch MP, Growdon JH, Perl DP, Sano M, Bennett DA, Schneider JA, Beach TG, Reiman EM, Woodruff BK, Cummings J, Vinters HV, Miller CA, Chui HC, Alafuzoff I, Hartikainen P, Seilhean D, Galasko D, Masliah E, Cotman CW, Tunon MT, Martinez MC, Munoz DG, Carroll SL, Marson D, Riederer PF, Bogdanovic N, Schellenberg GD, Hakonarson H, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VM (2010) Common variants at 7p21 are associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions. Nat Genet 42(3):234–239. doi:10.1038/ng.536

29.

van der Zee J, Van Langenhove T, Kleinberger G, Sleegers K, Engelborghs S, Vandenberghe R, Santens P, Van den Broeck M, Joris G, Brys J, Mattheijssens M, Peeters K, Cras P, De Deyn PP, Cruts M, Van Broeckhoven C (2011) TMEM106B is associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration in a clinically diagnosed patient cohort. Brain 134(Pt 3):808–815. doi:10.1093/brain/awr007 PubMed

30.

Vass R, Ashbridge E, Geser F, Hu WT, Grossman M, Clay-Falcone D, Elman L, McCluskey L, Lee VM, Van Deerlin VM, Trojanowski JQ, Chen-Plotkin AS (2011) Risk genotypes at TMEM106B are associated with cognitive impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol 121(3):373–380. doi:10.1007/s00401-010-0782-y PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

Title: TMEM106B protects C9ORF72 expansion carriers against frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Marka van Blitterswijk
Bianca Mullen
Alexandra M. Nicholson
Kevin F. Bieniek
Michael G. Heckman
Matthew C. Baker
Mariely DeJesus-Hernandez
NiCole A. Finch
Patricia H. Brown
Melissa E. Murray
Ging-Yuek R. Hsiung
Heather Stewart
Anna M. Karydas
Elizabeth Finger
Andrew Kertesz
Eileen H. Bigio
Sandra Weintraub
Marsel Mesulam
Kimmo J. Hatanpaa
Charles L. White III
Michael J. Strong
Thomas G. Beach
Zbigniew K. Wszolek
Carol Lippa
Richard Caselli
Leonard Petrucelli
Keith A. Josephs
Joseph E. Parisi
David S. Knopman
Ronald C. Petersen
Ian R. Mackenzie
William W. Seeley
Lea T. Grinberg
Bruce L. Miller
Kevin B. Boylan
Neill R. Graff-Radford
Bradley F. Boeve
Dennis W. Dickson
Rosa Rademakers
Publication date: 01-03-2014
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Acta Neuropathologica / Issue 3/2014
Print ISSN: 0001-6322
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0533
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-013-1240-4

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

TMEM106B protects C9ORF72 expansion carriers against frontotemporal dementia

Abstract

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 3/2014

C9ORF72: grabbing a tiger by the tail

Mechanisms of toxicity in C9FTLD/ALS

The widening spectrum of C9ORF72-related disease; genotype/phenotype correlations and potential modifiers of clinical phenotype

The C9ORF72 expansion mutation: gene structure, phenotypic and diagnostic issues

Sequential distribution of pTDP-43 pathology in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD)

The neuropathology associated with repeat expansions in the C9ORF72 gene