Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Cardiology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Geriatrics and Gerontology Gynecology and Obstetrics Hematology Infectious Disease Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Oncology Pediatrics Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery
Congress Coverage
2024 ACC Congress 2023 ESMO Congress 2023 EASD Congress 2023 ERS Congress 2023 ESC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

LIVE: Thursday 27th June 2024, 18:00-19:30 (CEST)
Join our expert panel to discover why you need to understand the drivers of non-adherence in your patients, and how you can optimize medication adherence in your clinics to drastically improve patient outcomes.
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
BMC Oral Health
Published in: BMC Oral Health 1/2024

Open Access 01-12-2024 | Clindamycin | Research

Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive gels containing solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with fluconazole and niosomes loaded with clindamycin for the treatment of periodontal diseases: a laboratory experiment

Authors: Zahra Saeidi, Rashin Giti, Azadeh Emami, Mehdi Rostami, Farhad Mohammadi

Published in: BMC Oral Health | Issue 1/2024

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

Periodontal diseases may benefit more from topical treatments with nanoparticles rather than systemic treatments due to advantages such as higher stability and controlled release profile. This study investigated the preparation and characterization of thermosensitive gel formulations containing clindamycin-loaded niosomes and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) loaded with fluconazole (FLZ), as well as their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal effects in the treatment of common microorganisms that cause periodontal diseases.

Methods

This study loaded niosomes and SLNs with clindamycin and FLZ, respectively, and assessed their loading efficiency, particle size, and zeta potential. The particles were characterized using a variety of methods such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Thermosensitive gels were formulated by combining these particles and their viscosity, gelation temperature, in-vitro release profile, as well as antibacterial and antifungal effects were evaluated.

Results

Both types of these nanoparticles were found to be spherical (TEM) with a mean particle size of 243.03 nm in niosomes and 171.97 nm in SLNs (DLS), and respective zeta potentials of -23.3 and -15. The loading rate was 98% in niosomes and 51% in SLNs. The release profiles of niosomal formulations were slower than those of the SLNs. Both formulations allowed the release of the drug by first-order kinetic. Additionally, the gel formulation presented a slower release of both drugs compared to niosomes and SLNs suspensions.

Conclusion

Thermosensitive gels containing clindamycin-loaded niosomes and/or FLZ-SLNs were found to effectively fight the periodontitis-causing bacteria and fungi.
Literature
1.
Romandini M, Baima G, Antonoglou G, Bueno J, Figuero E, Sanz M. Periodontitis, edentulism, and risk of mortality: A systematic review with meta-analyses. J Dent Res. 2021;100:37–49.CrossRefPubMed
2.
3.
Cardoso EM, Reis C, Manzanares-Céspedes MC. Chronic periodontitis, inflammatory cytokines, and interrelationship with other chronic diseases. Postgrad Med. 2018;130:98–104.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Kumar S. Evidence-based update on diagnosis and management of gingivitis and periodontitis. Dent Clin North Am. 2019;63:69–81.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Kida D, Karolewicz B, Junka A, Sender-Janeczek A, Duś I, Marciniak D, et al. Metronidazole-loaded porous matrices for local periodontitis treatment: In vitro evaluation and in vivo pilot study. Appl Sci. 2019;9:4545–63.CrossRef
6.
Zięba M, Chaber P, Duale K, Martinka Maksymiak M, Basczok M, Kowalczuk M, et al. Polymeric carriers for delivery systems in the treatment of chronic periodontal disease. Polymers (Basel). 2020;12:1574.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Goyal G, Garg T, Rath G, Goyal AK. Current nanotechnological strategies for an effective delivery of drugs in treatment of periodontal disease. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 2014;31:89–119.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Pakzad Y, Ganji F. Thermosensitive hydrogel for periodontal application: in vitro drug release, antibacterial activity and toxicity evaluation. J Biomater Appl. 2016;30:919–29.CrossRefPubMed
9.
Muzzalupo R, Tavano L. Niosomal drug delivery for transdermal targeting: recent advances. Res Rep Transderm Drug Deliv. 2015;4:23–33.
10.
Pardeike J, Hommoss A, Müller RH. Lipid nanoparticles (SLN, NLC) in cosmetic and pharmaceutical dermal products. Int J Pharm. 2009;366:170–84.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Rashidah N, Rajabalaya R, David S, Dhaliwal J, Jagjit S. Current status of local drug delivery systems in the treatment of periodontal diseases. J Res Dent Maxillofac Sci. 2019;2:1–5.
12.
Tariq M, Iqbal Z, Ali J, Baboota S, Talegaonkar S, Ahmad Z, et al. Treatment modalities and evaluation models for periodontitis. Int J Pharm Investig. 2012;2:106–22.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
13.
Boonlai W, Tantishaiyakul V, Hirun N, Sangfai T, Suknuntha K. Thermosensitive Poloxamer 407/Poly(Acrylic Acid) hydrogels with potential application as injectable drug delivery system. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2018;19:2103–17.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Sheshala R, Quah SY, Tan GC, Meka VS, Jnanendrappa N, Sahu PS. Investigation on solution-to-gel characteristic of thermosensitive and mucoadhesive biopolymers for the development of moxifloxacin-loaded sustained release periodontal in situ gels. Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2019;9:434–43.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Luchian I, Goriuc A, Martu MA, Covasa M. Clindamycin as an alternative option in optimizing periodontal therapy. Antibiotics (Basel). 2021;10(7):814.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Waltimo TM, Sen BH, Meurman JH, Ørstavik D, Haapasalo MP. Yeasts in apical periodontitis. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 2003;14:128–37.CrossRefPubMed
17.
El-Housiny S, Shams Eldeen MA, El-Attar YA, Salem HA, Attia D, Bendas ER, et al. Fluconazole-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles topical gel for treatment of pityriasis versicolor: formulation and clinical study. Drug Deliv. 2018;25:78–90.CrossRefPubMed
18.
19.
Akbarzadeh I, Shayan M, Bourbour M, Moghtaderi M, Noorbazargan H, Eshrati Yeganeh F, et al. Preparation, optimization and in-vitro evaluation of curcumin-loaded niosome@ calcium alginate nanocarrier as a new approach for breast cancer treatment. Biology. 2021;10:173.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
20.
Mohammadi F, Giti R, Meibodi MN, Ranjbar AM, Bazooband AR, Ramezani V. Preparation and evaluation of kojic acid dipalmitate solid lipid nanoparticles. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2021;61:102183.CrossRef
21.
Rams TE, Feik D, Slots J. Staphylococci in human periodontal diseases. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 1990;5:29–32.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Fritschi BZ, Albert-Kiszely A, Persson GR. Staphylococcus aureus and other bacteria in untreated periodontitis. J Dent Res. 2008;87:589–93.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Kõll-Klais P, Mändar R, Leibur E, Marcotte H, Hammarström L, Mikelsaar M. Oral lactobacilli in chronic periodontitis and periodontal health: species composition and antimicrobial activity. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 2005;20:354–61.CrossRefPubMed
24.
Jabri B, Iken M, Ait-Ou-Amar S, Rida S, Bouziane A, Ennibi OK. Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis in periodontitis in adolescents and young adults. Int J Microbiol. 2022;2022:4625368.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
25.
Unniachan AS, Jayakumari NK, Sethuraman S. Association between Candida species and periodontal disease: A systematic review. Curr Med Mycol. 2020;6:63–8.
26.
Joshi S, White R, Sahu R, Dennis VA, Singh SR. Comprehensive screening of drug encapsulation and co-encapsulation into niosomes produced using a microfluidic device. Processes. 2020;8:535.CrossRef
27.
Trucillo P, Campardelli R. Production of solid lipid nanoparticles with a supercritical fluid assisted process. J Supercrit Fluids. 2019;143:16–23.CrossRef
28.
Vitorino C, Carvalho FA, Almeida AJ, Sousa JJ, Pais AA. The size of solid lipid nanoparticles: an interpretation from experimental design. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2011;84:117–30.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Emami J, Rezazadeh M, Varshosaz J. Formulation of LDL targeted nanostructured lipid carriers loaded with paclitaxel: a detailed study of preparation, freeze drying condition, and in vitro cytotoxicity. J Nanomater. 2012;2012:1–10.CrossRef
30.
Harish N, Prabhu P, Charyulu R, Gulzar M, Subrahmanyam E. Formulation and evaluation of in situ gels containing clotrimazole for oral candidiasis. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2009;71:421–7.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
31.
Sarker MMR, Islam KN, Huri HZ, Rahman M, Imam H, Hosen MB, et al. Studies of the impact of occupational exposure of pharmaceutical workers on the development of antimicrobial drug resistance. J Occup Health. 2014;56:260–70.CrossRefPubMed
32.
Moges B, Bitew A, Shewaamare A. Spectrum and the in vitro antifungal susceptibility pattern of yeast isolates in Ethiopian HIV patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis. Int J Microbiol. 2016;2016:3037817.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metadata
Title
Thermosensitive and mucoadhesive gels containing solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with fluconazole and niosomes loaded with clindamycin for the treatment of periodontal diseases: a laboratory experiment
Authors
Zahra Saeidi
Rashin Giti
Azadeh Emami
Mehdi Rostami
Farhad Mohammadi
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Oral Health / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1472-6831
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-024-04322-6

Other articles of this Issue 1/2024

BMC Oral Health 1/2024 Go to the issue

Research

Evaluation of micromotion in multirooted root analogue implants embedded in synthetic bone blocks: an in vitro study

Research

Amelogenin-inspired peptide, calcium phosphate solution, fluoride and their synergistic effect on enamel biomimetic remineralization: an in vitro pH-cycling model

Research

A scanning electron microscopy investigation of the precision of three orthodontic bracket slot systems

Research

Concern about the risk of aerosol contamination from ultrasonic scaler: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Research

Prevalence of Bruxism in alcohol abusers: a systematic review conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and the cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions

Research

Detection of periodontal bone loss patterns and furcation defects from panoramic radiographs using deep learning algorithm: a retrospective study