Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Child's Nervous System 3/2009

01-03-2009 | Invited Paper

The management of completely resected childhood intracranial ependymoma: the argument for observation only

Authors: Andrew S. Little, Tyson Sheean, Ragavan Manoharan, Aneela Darbar, Charles Teo

Published in: Child's Nervous System | Issue 3/2009

Login to get access

Abstract

Introduction

The management of children with completely resected intracranial ependymomas is controversial. We favor deferring adjuvant radiotherapy in low-risk patients, whereas others recommend radiotherapy.

Review

This article reviews the available evidence for and against deferring radiotherapy in children with low-risk completely resected childhood ependymomas.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Awaad YM, Allen JC, Miller DC, Schneider SJ, Wisoff J, Epstein FJ (1996) Deferring adjuvant therapy for totally resected intracranial ependymomas. Pediatr Neurol 14:216–219PubMedCrossRef Awaad YM, Allen JC, Miller DC, Schneider SJ, Wisoff J, Epstein FJ (1996) Deferring adjuvant therapy for totally resected intracranial ependymomas. Pediatr Neurol 14:216–219PubMedCrossRef
2.
go back to reference Hukin J, Epstein F, Lefton D, Allen J (1998) Treatment of intracranial ependymoma by surgery alone. Pediatr Neurosurg 29:40–45PubMedCrossRef Hukin J, Epstein F, Lefton D, Allen J (1998) Treatment of intracranial ependymoma by surgery alone. Pediatr Neurosurg 29:40–45PubMedCrossRef
3.
go back to reference Mansur DB, Perry A, Rajaram V, Michalski JM, Park TS, Leonard JR, Luchtman-Jones L, Rich KM, Grigsby PW, Lockett MA, Wahab SH, Simpson JR (2005) Postoperative radiation therapy for grade II and grade III intracranial ependymomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 61:387–391PubMed Mansur DB, Perry A, Rajaram V, Michalski JM, Park TS, Leonard JR, Luchtman-Jones L, Rich KM, Grigsby PW, Lockett MA, Wahab SH, Simpson JR (2005) Postoperative radiation therapy for grade II and grade III intracranial ependymomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 61:387–391PubMed
4.
go back to reference Massimino M, Gandola L, Giangaspero F, Sandri A, Valagussa P, Perilongo G, Garre ML, Ricardi U, Forni M, Genitori L, Scarzello G, Spreafico F, Barra S, Mascarin M, Pollo B, Gardiman M, Cama A, Navarria P, Brisigotti M, Collini P, Balter R, Fidani P, Stefanelli M, Burnelli R, Potepan P, Podda M, Sotti G, Madon El (2004) Hyperfractionated radiotherapy and chemotherapy for childhood ependymomas: final results of the first prospective AIEOP. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 58:1336–1345PubMedCrossRef Massimino M, Gandola L, Giangaspero F, Sandri A, Valagussa P, Perilongo G, Garre ML, Ricardi U, Forni M, Genitori L, Scarzello G, Spreafico F, Barra S, Mascarin M, Pollo B, Gardiman M, Cama A, Navarria P, Brisigotti M, Collini P, Balter R, Fidani P, Stefanelli M, Burnelli R, Potepan P, Podda M, Sotti G, Madon El (2004) Hyperfractionated radiotherapy and chemotherapy for childhood ependymomas: final results of the first prospective AIEOP. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 58:1336–1345PubMedCrossRef
5.
go back to reference Massimino M, Giangaspero F, Garre ML, Genitori L, Perilongo G, Collini P, Riva D, Valentini L, Scarzello G, Poggi G, Spreafico F, Peretta P, Mascarin M, Modena P, Sozzi G, Bedini N, Biassoni V, Urgesi A, Balestrini MR, Finocchiaro G, Sandri A, Gandola L (2006) Salvage treatment for childhood ependymomas after surgery only: pitfalls of omitting “at once” adjuvant treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 65:1440–1445PubMed Massimino M, Giangaspero F, Garre ML, Genitori L, Perilongo G, Collini P, Riva D, Valentini L, Scarzello G, Poggi G, Spreafico F, Peretta P, Mascarin M, Modena P, Sozzi G, Bedini N, Biassoni V, Urgesi A, Balestrini MR, Finocchiaro G, Sandri A, Gandola L (2006) Salvage treatment for childhood ependymomas after surgery only: pitfalls of omitting “at once” adjuvant treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 65:1440–1445PubMed
6.
go back to reference Merchant TE, Zhu Z, Thompson SJ, Sontag MR, Heideman RL, Kun LE (2002) Preliminary results from a phase II trial of conformal radiation therapy for pediatric patients with localized low-grade astrocytoma and ependymomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol 52:325–332CrossRef Merchant TE, Zhu Z, Thompson SJ, Sontag MR, Heideman RL, Kun LE (2002) Preliminary results from a phase II trial of conformal radiation therapy for pediatric patients with localized low-grade astrocytoma and ependymomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol 52:325–332CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Nazar GB, Hoffman HJ, Becker LE, Jenkin D, Humphreys RP, Hendrick EB (1990) Infratentorial ependymomas in childhood: prognostic factors and treatment. J Neurosurg 72:408–417PubMed Nazar GB, Hoffman HJ, Becker LE, Jenkin D, Humphreys RP, Hendrick EB (1990) Infratentorial ependymomas in childhood: prognostic factors and treatment. J Neurosurg 72:408–417PubMed
8.
go back to reference Palma L, Celli P, Mariottini A, Zalaffi A, Schettini G (2000) The importance of surgery in supratentorial ependymomas: long-term survival in a series of 23 cases. Child’s Nerv Syst 16:170–175CrossRef Palma L, Celli P, Mariottini A, Zalaffi A, Schettini G (2000) The importance of surgery in supratentorial ependymomas: long-term survival in a series of 23 cases. Child’s Nerv Syst 16:170–175CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Paulino AC, Wen BC, Buatti JM, Hussey DH, Zhen WK, Mayr NA, Menezes AH (2002) Intracranial ependymomas, an analysis of prognostic factors and patterns of failure. Am J Clin Oncol 25:117–122PubMedCrossRef Paulino AC, Wen BC, Buatti JM, Hussey DH, Zhen WK, Mayr NA, Menezes AH (2002) Intracranial ependymomas, an analysis of prognostic factors and patterns of failure. Am J Clin Oncol 25:117–122PubMedCrossRef
10.
go back to reference Perilongo G, Massimino M, Sotti G, Belfontali T, Masiero L, Rigobello L, Garre L, Carli M, Lombardi F, Solero C, Sainati L, Canale V, del Prever AB, Giangaspero F, Andreussi L, Mazza C, Madon E (1997) Analysis of prognostic factors in a retrospective review of 92 children with ependymomas: Italian Pediatric Neuro-oncology Group. Med Pediatr Oncol 29:79–85PubMedCrossRef Perilongo G, Massimino M, Sotti G, Belfontali T, Masiero L, Rigobello L, Garre L, Carli M, Lombardi F, Solero C, Sainati L, Canale V, del Prever AB, Giangaspero F, Andreussi L, Mazza C, Madon E (1997) Analysis of prognostic factors in a retrospective review of 92 children with ependymomas: Italian Pediatric Neuro-oncology Group. Med Pediatr Oncol 29:79–85PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Pollack I, Gerszten PC, Martinez A, Julio A, Lo K, Shultz B, Albright AL, Janosky J, Deutsch M (1995) Intracranial ependymomas of childhood: long-term outcome and prognostic factors. Neurosurgery 37:655–667PubMedCrossRef Pollack I, Gerszten PC, Martinez A, Julio A, Lo K, Shultz B, Albright AL, Janosky J, Deutsch M (1995) Intracranial ependymomas of childhood: long-term outcome and prognostic factors. Neurosurgery 37:655–667PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Robertson PL, Zeltzer PM, Boyett JM, Rorke LB, Allen JC, Geyer JR, Stanley P, Li H, Albright AL, McGuire-Cullen P, Finlay JL, Stevens KR, Milstein JM, Packer RJ, Wisoff J (1998) Survival and prognostic factors following radiation therapy and chemotherapy for ependymomas in children: a report of the Children’s Cancer Group. J Neurosurg 88:695–703PubMedCrossRef Robertson PL, Zeltzer PM, Boyett JM, Rorke LB, Allen JC, Geyer JR, Stanley P, Li H, Albright AL, McGuire-Cullen P, Finlay JL, Stevens KR, Milstein JM, Packer RJ, Wisoff J (1998) Survival and prognostic factors following radiation therapy and chemotherapy for ependymomas in children: a report of the Children’s Cancer Group. J Neurosurg 88:695–703PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Rousseau P, Habrand JL, Sarrazin D, Kalifa C, Terrier-Lacombe MJ, Rekacewicz C, Rey A (1993) Treatment of intracranial ependymomas of children: review of a 15-year experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 28:381–386 Rousseau P, Habrand JL, Sarrazin D, Kalifa C, Terrier-Lacombe MJ, Rekacewicz C, Rey A (1993) Treatment of intracranial ependymomas of children: review of a 15-year experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 28:381–386
14.
go back to reference Schroeder TM, Chintagumpala M, Chiu JK, Teh BS, Woo SY, Paulino AC (2008) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy in childhood ependymomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol 71:987–993CrossRef Schroeder TM, Chintagumpala M, Chiu JK, Teh BS, Woo SY, Paulino AC (2008) Intensity-modulated radiation therapy in childhood ependymomas. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol 71:987–993CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Shu HKG, Sall WF, Maity A, Tochner ZA, Janss AJ, Belasco JB, Rorke-Adams LB, Phillips PC, Sutton LN, Fisher MJ (2007) Childhood intracranial ependymomas: twenty-year experience from a single institution. Cancer 110:432–441PubMedCrossRef Shu HKG, Sall WF, Maity A, Tochner ZA, Janss AJ, Belasco JB, Rorke-Adams LB, Phillips PC, Sutton LN, Fisher MJ (2007) Childhood intracranial ependymomas: twenty-year experience from a single institution. Cancer 110:432–441PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Vanuytsel LJ, Bessel EM, Ashely SE, Bloom HJ, Brada M (1992) Intracranial ependymomas: long-term results of a policy of surgery and radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 23:313–319PubMed Vanuytsel LJ, Bessel EM, Ashely SE, Bloom HJ, Brada M (1992) Intracranial ependymomas: long-term results of a policy of surgery and radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 23:313–319PubMed
Metadata
Title
The management of completely resected childhood intracranial ependymoma: the argument for observation only
Authors
Andrew S. Little
Tyson Sheean
Ragavan Manoharan
Aneela Darbar
Charles Teo
Publication date
01-03-2009
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Child's Nervous System / Issue 3/2009
Print ISSN: 0256-7040
Electronic ISSN: 1433-0350
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-008-0799-x

Other articles of this Issue 3/2009

Child's Nervous System 3/2009 Go to the issue