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Open Access 01-12-2009 | Study protocol

The Karachi intracranial stenosis study (KISS) Protocol: An urban multicenter case-control investigation reporting the clinical, radiologic and biochemical associations of intracranial stenosis in Pakistan

Authors: Ayeesha Kamran Kamal, Fawad Taj, Babar Junaidi, Asif Rasheed, Moazzam Zaidi, Muhammed Murtaza, Naved Iqbal, Fahad Hashmat, Syed Vaqas Alam, Uzma Saleem, Shahan Waheed, Lajpat Bansari, Nabi Shah, Maria Samuel, Madiha Yameen, Sobia Naz, Farrukh Shahab Khan, Naveeduddin Ahmed, Khalid Mahmood, Niaz Sheikh, Karim Ullah Makki, Muhammad Masroor Ahmed, Abdul Rauf Memon, Mohammad Wasay, Nadir Ali Syed, Bhojo Khealani, Philippe M Frossard, Danish Saleheen

Published in: BMC Neurology | Issue 1/2009

Abstract

Background

Intracranial stenosis is the most common cause of stroke among Asians. It has a poor prognosis with a high rate of recurrence. No effective medical or surgical treatment modality has been developed for the treatment of stroke due to intracranial stenosis. We aim to identify risk factors and biomarkers for intracranial stenosis and to develop techniques such as use of transcranial doppler to help diagnose intracranial stenosis in a cost-effective manner.

Methods/Design

The Karachi Intracranial Stenosis Study (KISS) is a prospective, observational, case-control study to describe the clinical features and determine the risk factors of patients with stroke due to intracranial stenosis and compare them to those with stroke due to other etiologies as well as to unaffected individuals. We plan to recruit 200 patients with stroke due to intracranial stenosis and two control groups each of 150 matched individuals. The first set of controls will include patients with ischemic stroke that is due to other atherosclerotic mechanisms specifically lacunar and cardioembolic strokes. The second group will consist of stroke free individuals. Standardized interviews will be conducted to determine demographic, medical, social, and behavioral variables along with baseline medications. Mandatory procedures for inclusion in the study are clinical confirmation of stroke by a healthcare professional within 72 hours of onset, 12 lead electrocardiogram, and neuroimaging. In addition, lipid profile, serum glucose, creatinine and HbA_1C will be measured in all participants. Ancillary tests will include carotid ultrasound, transcranial doppler and magnetic resonance or computed tomography angiogram to rule out concurrent carotid disease. Echocardiogram and other additional investigations will be performed at these centers at the discretion of the regional physicians.

Discussion

The results of this study will help inform locally relevant clinical guidelines and effective public health and individual interventions.

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The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2377/9/31/prepub

Title: The Karachi intracranial stenosis study (KISS) Protocol: An urban multicenter case-control investigation reporting the clinical, radiologic and biochemical associations of intracranial stenosis in Pakistan
Authors: Ayeesha Kamran Kamal
Fawad Taj
Babar Junaidi
Asif Rasheed
Moazzam Zaidi
Muhammed Murtaza
Naved Iqbal
Fahad Hashmat
Syed Vaqas Alam
Uzma Saleem
Shahan Waheed
Lajpat Bansari
Nabi Shah
Maria Samuel
Madiha Yameen
Sobia Naz
Farrukh Shahab Khan
Naveeduddin Ahmed
Khalid Mahmood
Niaz Sheikh
Karim Ullah Makki
Muhammad Masroor Ahmed
Abdul Rauf Memon
Mohammad Wasay
Nadir Ali Syed
Bhojo Khealani
Philippe M Frossard
Danish Saleheen
Publication date: 01-12-2009
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: BMC Neurology / Issue 1/2009
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2377
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2377-9-31

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

The Karachi intracranial stenosis study (KISS) Protocol: An urban multicenter case-control investigation reporting the clinical, radiologic and biochemical associations of intracranial stenosis in Pakistan

Abstract

Background

Methods/Design

Discussion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods/Design

Discussion

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