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European Spine Journal
Published in: European Spine Journal 8/2018

01-08-2018 | Original Article

The importance of proximal femoral angle on sagittal balance and quality of life in children and adolescents with high-grade lumbosacral spondylolisthesis

Authors: Jean-Marc Mac-Thiong, Stefan Parent, Julie Joncas, Soraya Barchi, Hubert Labelle

Published in: European Spine Journal | Issue 8/2018

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Abstract

Purpose

Previous studies did not specifically assess the influence of proximal femoral angle (PFA) on sagittal balance in high-grade spondylolisthesis (HGS). In addition, the relationship between PFA and quality of life (QOL) remains unknown. This study determines if increased PFA is associated with decreased QOL and sagittal balance in lumbosacral HGS.

Methods

This retrospective case–control study was performed on a cohort of 56 normal subjects and 42 patients with HGS. Initially, PFA was measured twice by 3 raters in a random subset of 30 subjects (15 normal and 15 HGS) to determine the intrarater and interrater reliability of the measurement technique. PFA was then measured for all subjects. For the 42 patients with HGS, QOL was assessed from the SRS-22 questionnaire, in addition to the evaluation of the spino-pelvic balance.

Results

The intrarater and interrater intraclass correlation coefficients for the measurement of PFA were, respectively, 0.951 and 0.958, suggesting excellent reliability. PFA was significantly higher in HGS patients (8.3° ± 6.7°; range − 5° to 24°) when compared to normal subjects (3.0° ± 3.1°; range − 6° to 10°). The PFA in HGS was 5.6° ± 5.6° (range − 5° to 18°), 8.9° ± 6.7° (range − 2° to 24°), and 14.0° ± 6.0° (range 7°–23°) in type 4 (balanced pelvis), type 5 (unbalanced pelvis/balanced spine), and type 6 (unbalanced pelvis and spine) subjects, respectively. There were, respectively, 23.5% (4/17), 26.3% (5/19), and 83.3% (5/6) of HGS patients with abnormal PFA ≥ 10° in type 4, type 5, and type 6 subgroups. Increased PFA in HGS patients was related with deteriorating self-image, pain, function and total SRS-22 score, as well as with increasing pelvic tilt and decreasing sacral slope.

Conclusion

A PFA ≥ 10° is proposed as a criterion to define abnormal PFA. PFA was increased in HGS and increased along with deteriorating sagittal balance and QOL. PFA is a clinically relevant parameter of sagittal balance, and can be useful in the evaluation and management of patients with HGS.
Literature
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Metadata
Title
The importance of proximal femoral angle on sagittal balance and quality of life in children and adolescents with high-grade lumbosacral spondylolisthesis
Authors
Jean-Marc Mac-Thiong
Stefan Parent
Julie Joncas
Soraya Barchi
Hubert Labelle
Publication date
01-08-2018
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Spine Journal / Issue 8/2018
Print ISSN: 0940-6719
Electronic ISSN: 1432-0932
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-018-5506-3

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