Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Community Mental Health Journal 3/2016

01-04-2016 | Original Paper

The Effects and Stigma of Mental Illness in Turkey

Authors: Gamze Sarıkoç, Fatma Öz

Published in: Community Mental Health Journal | Issue 3/2016

Login to get access

Abstract

This study was planned to determine internalized stigma of patients who were monitored in the psychiatry clinics due to mental problems. It was determined that there was significant difference between the patients’ mean internalized stigma total scores between subscale scores and their gender, job, the place that the patient was raised in, educational status, working status, income level, the period spent after the diagnosis, hospitalization status, the hospital monitoring the patient and the diagnosis. It is suggested that counseling services should be planned in order to identify negative impact of the factors that influence coping with internalized stigma.
Literature
go back to reference Alptekin, K., Arıkan, M. K., Aydemir, Ö., Cankurtaran, E. Ş., Cimilli, C., Danacı, A. E., ve diğ. (2007). (Eds.). Stigma, attitudes toward the mental illness ve stigmatization (s. 17–30). Ankara: Turkuaz IT&Computer&Publishing. Alptekin, K., Arıkan, M. K., Aydemir, Ö., Cankurtaran, E. Ş., Cimilli, C., Danacı, A. E., ve diğ. (2007). (Eds.). Stigma, attitudes toward the mental illness ve stigmatization (s. 17–30). Ankara: Turkuaz IT&Computer&Publishing.
go back to reference Aragones, E., López-Muntaner, J., Ceruelo, S., & Basora, J. (2014). Reinforcing stigmatization: Coverage of mental illness in Spanish newspapers. Journal of Health Communication, 19, 1248–1258.CrossRefPubMed Aragones, E., López-Muntaner, J., Ceruelo, S., & Basora, J. (2014). Reinforcing stigmatization: Coverage of mental illness in Spanish newspapers. Journal of Health Communication, 19, 1248–1258.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Arboleda-Flórez, J. (2003). Considerations on the stigma of mental illness. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 48(10), 645–650.PubMed Arboleda-Flórez, J. (2003). Considerations on the stigma of mental illness. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 48(10), 645–650.PubMed
go back to reference Arı, F., & Öz, F. (2005). Attitudes of doctors and nurses, working at primary health services, towards individuals with mental health problems. Journal of Hacettepe University School of Nursing, 4, 16–28. Arı, F., & Öz, F. (2005). Attitudes of doctors and nurses, working at primary health services, towards individuals with mental health problems. Journal of Hacettepe University School of Nursing, 4, 16–28.
go back to reference Bayar, M. R., Poyraz, B. Ç., Aksoy-Poyraz, C., & Arıkan, M. K. (2009). Reducing mental illness stigma in mental health professionals using a web-based approach. Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Science, 46(3), 226–230. Bayar, M. R., Poyraz, B. Ç., Aksoy-Poyraz, C., & Arıkan, M. K. (2009). Reducing mental illness stigma in mental health professionals using a web-based approach. Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Science, 46(3), 226–230.
go back to reference Cerit, C., Filizer, A., Tural, Ü., & Tufan, A. E. (2012). Stigma: A core factor on predicting functionality in bipolar disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 53(5), 484–489.CrossRefPubMed Cerit, C., Filizer, A., Tural, Ü., & Tufan, A. E. (2012). Stigma: A core factor on predicting functionality in bipolar disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 53(5), 484–489.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Corrigan, P. W. (2005). The stigma of mental illness: Explanatory models and methods for change. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 11(3), 179–190.CrossRef Corrigan, P. W. (2005). The stigma of mental illness: Explanatory models and methods for change. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 11(3), 179–190.CrossRef
go back to reference Corrigan, M. C., Rüsch, N., & Corrigan, P. W. (2004). Mental illness stigma: Concepts, consequences and initiatives to reduce stigma. European Psychiatry, 20(8), 529–539. Corrigan, M. C., Rüsch, N., & Corrigan, P. W. (2004). Mental illness stigma: Concepts, consequences and initiatives to reduce stigma. European Psychiatry, 20(8), 529–539.
go back to reference Corrigan, P. W., Watson, A. C., & Barr, L. (2006). The self-stigma of mental illness: Implications for self-esteem and self-efficacy. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 25(9), 875–884.CrossRef Corrigan, P. W., Watson, A. C., & Barr, L. (2006). The self-stigma of mental illness: Implications for self-esteem and self-efficacy. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 25(9), 875–884.CrossRef
go back to reference Ersoy, M. A., & Varan, A. (2007). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the internalized stigma of mental illness scale. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 18(2), 163–171.PubMed Ersoy, M. A., & Varan, A. (2007). Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the internalized stigma of mental illness scale. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 18(2), 163–171.PubMed
go back to reference Gingerich, S. L. (1998). Stigma: Critical issues for clinicians assisting individuals with severe mental illness response paper. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 5(2), 277–284.CrossRef Gingerich, S. L. (1998). Stigma: Critical issues for clinicians assisting individuals with severe mental illness response paper. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 5(2), 277–284.CrossRef
go back to reference Holzinger, A., Floris, F., Schomerus, G., Carta, M. G., & Angermeyer, M. C. (2012). Gender differences in public beliefs and attitudes about mental disorder in western countries: A systematic review of population studies. Epidemiologic Psychiatry Science, 21(1), 73–85.CrossRef Holzinger, A., Floris, F., Schomerus, G., Carta, M. G., & Angermeyer, M. C. (2012). Gender differences in public beliefs and attitudes about mental disorder in western countries: A systematic review of population studies. Epidemiologic Psychiatry Science, 21(1), 73–85.CrossRef
go back to reference Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (1990). People, family, culture. Ankara: Remzi Bookstore. Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (1990). People, family, culture. Ankara: Remzi Bookstore.
go back to reference Latalova, K., Kamaradova, D., & Prasko, J. (2014). Perspectives on perceived stigma and self-stigma in adult male patients with depression. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 10, 1399–1405.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Latalova, K., Kamaradova, D., & Prasko, J. (2014). Perspectives on perceived stigma and self-stigma in adult male patients with depression. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 10, 1399–1405.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Myers, B., Fakier, N., & Louw, J. (2009). Stigma, treatment beliefs, and substance abuse treatment use in historically disadvantaged communities. African Journal of Psychiatry, 12(3), 318–322.CrossRef Myers, B., Fakier, N., & Louw, J. (2009). Stigma, treatment beliefs, and substance abuse treatment use in historically disadvantaged communities. African Journal of Psychiatry, 12(3), 318–322.CrossRef
go back to reference Petrus, Ng, & Kai-Fong, C. (2000). Sex differences in opinion towards mental illness of secondary school students in Hong Kong. The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 46(2), 79–88.CrossRef Petrus, Ng, & Kai-Fong, C. (2000). Sex differences in opinion towards mental illness of secondary school students in Hong Kong. The International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 46(2), 79–88.CrossRef
go back to reference Ritsher, J. B., Otilingam, P. G., & Grajales, M. (2003). Internalized stigma of mental illness: Psychometric properties of a new measure. Psychiatry Research, 121, 31–49.CrossRefPubMed Ritsher, J. B., Otilingam, P. G., & Grajales, M. (2003). Internalized stigma of mental illness: Psychometric properties of a new measure. Psychiatry Research, 121, 31–49.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Sirey, J. A., Bruce, M. L., Alexopoulos, G. S., Perlick, D. A., Friedman, S. J., & Meyers, B. S. (2001). Perceived stigma and patient-rated severity of mental illness as predictors of antidepressant drug adherence. Psychiatric Services, 52, 1615–1620.CrossRefPubMed Sirey, J. A., Bruce, M. L., Alexopoulos, G. S., Perlick, D. A., Friedman, S. J., & Meyers, B. S. (2001). Perceived stigma and patient-rated severity of mental illness as predictors of antidepressant drug adherence. Psychiatric Services, 52, 1615–1620.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Smith, V., Reddy, J., Foster, K., & Asbury, E. T. (2011). Public perceptions, knowledge and stigma towards people with schizophrenia. Journal of Public Mental Health, 10(1), 45–56.CrossRef Smith, V., Reddy, J., Foster, K., & Asbury, E. T. (2011). Public perceptions, knowledge and stigma towards people with schizophrenia. Journal of Public Mental Health, 10(1), 45–56.CrossRef
go back to reference Switaj, P., Chrostek, A., Grygiel, P., Wciorka, J., & Anczewska, M. (2014). Exploring factors associated with the psychosocial impact of stigma among people with schizophrenia or affective disorders. Community Mental Health Journal, 23, 1–9.CrossRef Switaj, P., Chrostek, A., Grygiel, P., Wciorka, J., & Anczewska, M. (2014). Exploring factors associated with the psychosocial impact of stigma among people with schizophrenia or affective disorders. Community Mental Health Journal, 23, 1–9.CrossRef
go back to reference Taskin, E. O., Sen, F. S., Aydemir, O., Demet, M. M., Ozmen, E., & Icelli, I. (2003). Public attitudes to schizophrenia in rural Turkey. Social Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemiology, 38(10), 586–592.CrossRefPubMed Taskin, E. O., Sen, F. S., Aydemir, O., Demet, M. M., Ozmen, E., & Icelli, I. (2003). Public attitudes to schizophrenia in rural Turkey. Social Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemiology, 38(10), 586–592.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Uçok, A. (1999). Schizophrenia: Stamp, myths and facts. Psychiatry World, 3, 67–71. Uçok, A. (1999). Schizophrenia: Stamp, myths and facts. Psychiatry World, 3, 67–71.
go back to reference Uçok, A., Brohan, E., Rose, D., Sartorius, N., Leese, M., Yoon, C. K., et al. (2012). Anticipated discrimination among people with schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 125(1), 77–78.CrossRefPubMed Uçok, A., Brohan, E., Rose, D., Sartorius, N., Leese, M., Yoon, C. K., et al. (2012). Anticipated discrimination among people with schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 125(1), 77–78.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Vauth, R., Kleim, B., Wirtz, M., & Corrigan, P. W. (2007). Self-efficacy and empowerment as outcomes of self-stigmatizing and coping in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 150(1), 71–80.CrossRefPubMed Vauth, R., Kleim, B., Wirtz, M., & Corrigan, P. W. (2007). Self-efficacy and empowerment as outcomes of self-stigmatizing and coping in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 150(1), 71–80.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Warner, R. (2005). Local projects of the world psychiatric association programme to reduce stigma and discrimination. American Psychiatric Association, 56, 570–575. Warner, R. (2005). Local projects of the world psychiatric association programme to reduce stigma and discrimination. American Psychiatric Association, 56, 570–575.
go back to reference Yap, M. B. H., Mackinnon, A., Reavley, N., & Jorm, A. F. (2014). The measurement properties of stigmatizing attitudes towards mental disorders: Results from two community surveys. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 23(1), 49–61.CrossRefPubMed Yap, M. B. H., Mackinnon, A., Reavley, N., & Jorm, A. F. (2014). The measurement properties of stigmatizing attitudes towards mental disorders: Results from two community surveys. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 23(1), 49–61.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Yen, C. F., Chen, C. C., Lee, Y., Tang, T. C., Yen, J. Y., & Ko, C. H. (2005). Self-stigma and its correlates among outpatients with depressive disorders. Psychiatric Services, 56(5), 599–601.CrossRefPubMed Yen, C. F., Chen, C. C., Lee, Y., Tang, T. C., Yen, J. Y., & Ko, C. H. (2005). Self-stigma and its correlates among outpatients with depressive disorders. Psychiatric Services, 56(5), 599–601.CrossRefPubMed
Metadata
Title
The Effects and Stigma of Mental Illness in Turkey
Authors
Gamze Sarıkoç
Fatma Öz
Publication date
01-04-2016
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Community Mental Health Journal / Issue 3/2016
Print ISSN: 0010-3853
Electronic ISSN: 1573-2789
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-015-9960-7

Other articles of this Issue 3/2016

Community Mental Health Journal 3/2016 Go to the issue