Top

Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy

Published in:

01-03-2016 | Knee

The correlation between anterior cruciate ligament injury in elite alpine skiers and their parents

Authors: Maria Westin, Sandra Reeds-Lundqvist, Suzanne Werner

Published in: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy | Issue 3/2016

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a familiar correlation with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury exists between competitive alpine skiers and their parents.

Methods

All 593 (293 males, 300 females) elite alpine skiers who have studied at a Swedish alpine Ski High School during 2006 and 2012 answered a questionnaire whether they or their parents had suffered an ACL injury. A total of 418 skiers (70 %) answered the questionnaire.

Results

Twenty-nine per cent (n = 19) out of the 65 ACL-injured skiers reported that they had a parent (mother or father) who have had an ACL injury. In skiers without an ACL injury (n = 353), the result was 18 % (n = 64). An odds ratio of 1.95 (95 % confidence interval 1.04–3.65) was found to suffer an ACL injury if you have a parent who has had an ACL injury compared with if you have a parent without any ACL injury.

Conclusion

The findings of the current study demonstrated a family history to tear the ACL between alpine skiers who had studied at a Swedish Ski High School and ACL injuries of their parents.

Level of evidence

III.

Anderson AF, Lipscomb AB, Liudahl KJ, Addlestone RB (1987) Analysis of the intercondylar notch by computed tomography. Am J Sports Med 15(6):547–552CrossRefPubMed

Bere T, Florenes TW, Nordsletten L, Bahr R (2014) Sex differences in the risk of injury in World Cup alpine skiers: a 6-year cohort study. Br J Sports Med 48(1):36–40CrossRefPubMed

Florenes TW, Bere T, Nordsletten L, Heir S, Bahr R (2009) Injuries among male and female World Cup alpine skiers. Br J Sports Med 43(13):973–978CrossRefPubMed

Flynn RK, Pedersen CL, Birmingham TB, Kirkley A, Jackowski D, Fowler PJ (2005) The familial predisposition toward tearing the anterior cruciate ligament: a case control study. Am J Sports Med 33(1):23–28CrossRefPubMed

Harner CD, Paulos LE, Greenwald AE, Rosenberg TD, Cooley VC (1994) Detailed analysis of patients with bilateral anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Am J Sports Med 22(1):37–43CrossRefPubMed

Hewett TE, Lynch TR, Myer GD, Ford KR, Gwin RC, Heidt RS Jr (2010) Multiple risk factors related to familial predisposition to anterior cruciate ligament injury: fraternal twin sisters with anterior cruciate ligament ruptures. Br J Sports Med 44(12):848–855PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

Hunter RE (1999) Skiing injuries. Am J Sports Med 27(3):381–389PubMed

Myer GD, Heidt RS, Waits C, Finck S, Stanfield D, Posthumus M, Hewett TE (2014) Sex comparison of familial predisposition to anterior cruciate ligament injury. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. doi:10.1007/s00167-013-2822-3

Oiestad BE, Holm I, Aune AK, Gunderson R, Myklebust G, Engebretsen L, Risberg MA (2010) Knee function and prevalence of knee osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a prospective study with 10 to 15 years of follow-up. Am J Sports Med 38(11):2201–2210CrossRefPubMed

10.

Posthumus M, Collins M, van der Merwe L, O’Cuinneagain D, van der Merwe W, Ribbans WJ, Raleigh SM (2012) Matrix metalloproteinase genes on chromosome 11q22 and the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. Scand J Med Sci Sports 22(4):523–533CrossRefPubMed

11.

Posthumus M, September AV, Keegan M, O’Cuinneagain D, Van der Merwe W, Schwellnus MP, Collins M (2009) Genetic risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament ruptures: COL1A1 gene variant. Br J Sports Med 43(5):352–356CrossRefPubMed

12.

Posthumus M, September AV, O’Cuinneagain D, van der Merwe W, Schwellnus MP, Collins M (2009) The COL5A1 gene is associated with increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament ruptures in female participants. Am J Sports Med 37(11):2234–2240CrossRefPubMed

13.

Posthumus M, September AV, O’Cuinneagain D, van der Merwe W, Schwellnus MP, Collins M (2010) The association between the COL12A1 gene and anterior cruciate ligament ruptures. Br J Sports Med 44(16):1160–1165CrossRefPubMed

14.

Pujol N, Blanchi MP, Chambat P (2007) The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injuries among competitive Alpine skiers: a 25-year investigation. Am J Sports Med 35(7):1070–1074CrossRefPubMed

15.

Raleigh SM, Posthumus M, O’Cuinneagain D, van der Merwe W, Collins M (2013) The GDF5 gene and anterior cruciate ligament rupture. Int J Sports Med 34(4):364–367PubMed

16.

September AV, Schwellnus MP, Collins M (2007) Tendon and ligament injuries: the genetic component. Br J Sports Med 41(4):241–246PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

17.

Smith HC, Vacek P, Johnson RJ, Slauterbeck JR, Hashemi J, Shultz S, Beynnon BD (2012) Risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury: a review of the literature-part 2: hormonal, genetic, cognitive function, previous injury, and extrinsic risk factors. Sports Health 4(2):155–161PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

18.

Smith HC, Vacek P, Johnson RJ, Slauterbeck JR, Hashemi J, Shultz S, Beynnon BD (2012) Risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury: a review of the literature—part 1: neuromuscular and anatomic risk. Sports Health 4(1):69–78PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed

19.

Sulheim S, Holme I, Rodven A, Ekeland A, Bahr R (2011) Risk factors for injuries in alpine skiing, telemark skiing and snowboarding: case-control study. Br J Sports Med 45(16):1303–1309CrossRefPubMed

20.

van Mechelen W, Hlobil H, Kemper HC (1992) Incidence, severity, aetiology and prevention of sports injuries. A review of concepts. Sports Med 14(2):82–99CrossRefPubMed

21.

Westin M, Alricsson M, Werner S (2012) Injury profile of competitive alpine skiers: a five-year cohort study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 20(6):1175–1181CrossRefPubMed

Title: The correlation between anterior cruciate ligament injury in elite alpine skiers and their parents
Authors: Maria Westin
Sandra Reeds-Lundqvist
Suzanne Werner
Publication date: 01-03-2016
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy / Issue 3/2016
Print ISSN: 0942-2056
Electronic ISSN: 1433-7347
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-014-2974-9

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

The correlation between anterior cruciate ligament injury in elite alpine skiers and their parents

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Level of evidence

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Level of evidence

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 3/2016

Epidemiology of meniscal injuries in US high school athletes between 2007 and 2013

Pre-pubescent posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction using maternal allograft

Osteoarthritis in morbidly obese children and adolescents, an age-matched controlled study

Analgesic efficacy of two interscalene blocks and one cervical epidural block in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair

ACL tear in kids: serious injury with high risk of osteoarthritis

Trans-physeal anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in adolescents