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Open Access 01-12-2024 | Telemedicine | Research

Interventions for the detection, monitoring, and management of chronic non-communicable diseases in the prison population: an international systematic review

Authors: Thomas Hewson, Matilda Minchin, Kenn Lee, Shiyao Liu, Evelyn Wong, Chantal Edge, Jake Hard, Katrina Forsyth, Jane Senior, Jennifer Shaw

Published in: BMC Public Health | Issue 1/2024

Abstract

Background

High rates of health inequalities and chronic non-communicable diseases exist amongst the prison population. This places people in and/or released from prison at heightened risk of multimorbidity, premature mortality, and reduced quality of life. Ensuring appropriate healthcare for people in prison to improve their health outcomes is an important aspect of social justice. This review examines the global literature on healthcare interventions to detect, monitor and manage chronic non-communicable diseases amongst the prison population and people recently released from prison.

Methods

Systematic searches of EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were conducted and supplemented by citation searching and review of the grey literature. The literature searches attempted to identify all articles describing any healthcare intervention for adults in prison, or released from prison in the past 1 year, to detect, monitor, or manage any chronic non-communicable illness. 19,061 articles were identified, of which 1058 articles were screened by abstract and 203 articles were reviewed by full text.

Results

Sixty-five studies were included in the review, involving 18,311 participants from multiple countries. Most studies were quasi-experimental and/or low to moderate in quality. Numerous healthcare interventions were described in the literature including chronic disease screening, telemedicine, health education, integrated care systems, implementing specialist equipment and staff roles to manage chronic diseases in prisons, and providing enhanced primary care contact and/or support from community health workers for people recently released from prison. These interventions were associated with improvement in various measures of clinical and cost effectiveness, although comparison between different care models was not possible due to high levels of clinical heterogeneity.

Conclusions

It is currently unclear which interventions are most effective at monitoring and managing chronic non-communicable diseases in prison. More research is needed to determine the most effective interventions for improving chronic disease management in prisons and how these should be implemented to ensure optimal success. Future research should examine interventions for addressing multimorbidity within prisons, since most studies tested interventions for a singular non-communicable disease.

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Title: Interventions for the detection, monitoring, and management of chronic non-communicable diseases in the prison population: an international systematic review
Authors: Thomas Hewson
Matilda Minchin
Kenn Lee
Shiyao Liu
Evelyn Wong
Chantal Edge
Jake Hard
Katrina Forsyth
Jane Senior
Jennifer Shaw
Publication date: 01-12-2024
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keyword: Telemedicine
Published in: BMC Public Health / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-17715-7

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Interventions for the detection, monitoring, and management of chronic non-communicable diseases in the prison population: an international systematic review

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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Retraction Note: Children’s physical activity level and sedentary behaviour in Norwegian early childhood education and care: effects of a staff-led cluster-randomised controlled trial

The acceptability of lifestyle medicine for the treatment of mental illness: perspectives of people with and without lived experience of mental illness

How do urban green spaces influence heat-related mortality in elderly? A realist synthesis