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01-02-2010 | Review

T cells in ANCA-associated vasculitis: what can we learn from lesional versus circulating T cells?

Authors: Benjamin Wilde, Marielle Thewissen, Jan Damoiseaux, Pieter van Paassen, Oliver Witzke, Jan Willem Cohen Tervaert

Published in: Arthritis Research & Therapy | Issue 1/2010

Abstract

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) - associated vasculitis (AAV) is a life-threatening autoimmune disease characterized by an antibody-mediated glomerulonephritis and necrotizing vasculitis. Apart from antibodies, T cells are also involved in disease pathogenesis. This review stresses the hallmarks of T cell-mediated pathology in AAV and highlights the characteristics of lesional and circulating T cells in the immune response in AAV. Circulating effector T-cell populations are expanded and are in a persistent state of activation. Circulating regulatory T-cell subsets are less well characterized but seem to be impaired in function. Lesional effector T cells are present in granulomas, vasculitic lesions, and nephritis. Lesional T cells usually show pro-inflammatory properties and promote granuloma formation. Apart from T cells, dendritic cells are abundantly present at the sites of inflammation and locally orchestrate the immune response. Targeting the above-mentioned T cell-mediated disease mechanisms will potentially provide powerful therapeutic tools for AAV.

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Title: T cells in ANCA-associated vasculitis: what can we learn from lesional versus circulating T cells?
Authors: Benjamin Wilde
Marielle Thewissen
Jan Damoiseaux
Pieter van Paassen
Oliver Witzke
Jan Willem Cohen Tervaert
Publication date: 01-02-2010
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Arthritis Research & Therapy / Issue 1/2010
Electronic ISSN: 1478-6362
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/ar2923

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