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Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports

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Open Access 01-05-2010

Synapse Pathology in Psychiatric and Neurologic Disease

Authors: Myrrhe van Spronsen, Casper C. Hoogenraad

Published in: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports | Issue 3/2010

Abstract

Inhibitory and excitatory synapses play a fundamental role in information processing in the brain. Excitatory synapses usually are situated on dendritic spines, small membrane protrusions that harbor glutamate receptors and postsynaptic density components and help transmit electrical signals. In recent years, it has become evident that spine morphology is intimately linked to synapse function—smaller spines have smaller synapses and support reduced synaptic transmission. The relationship between synaptic signaling, spine shape, and brain function is never more apparent than when the brain becomes dysfunctional. Many psychiatric and neurologic disorders, ranging from mental retardation and autism to Alzheimer’s disease and addiction, are accompanied by alterations in spine morphology and synapse number. In this review, we highlight the structure and molecular organization of synapses and discuss functional effects of synapse pathology in brain disease.

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Title: Synapse Pathology in Psychiatric and Neurologic Disease
Authors: Myrrhe van Spronsen
Casper C. Hoogenraad
Publication date: 01-05-2010
Publisher: Current Science Inc.
Published in: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports / Issue 3/2010
Print ISSN: 1528-4042
Electronic ISSN: 1534-6293
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-010-0104-8

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Synapse Pathology in Psychiatric and Neurologic Disease

Abstract

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Springer Medicine

Abstract

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