Top

Published in:

Open Access 01-12-2021 | Research

Subjective cognitive impairment and presenteeism mediate the associations of rumination with subjective well-being and ill-being in Japanese adult workers from the community

Authors: Kuniyoshi Toyoshima, Masahiko Ichiki, Takeshi Inoue, Akiyoshi Shimura, Jiro Masuya, Yota Fujimura, Shinji Higashi, Ichiro Kusumi

Published in: BioPsychoSocial Medicine | Issue 1/2021

Abstract

Background

In recent years, the roles of rumination, subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), and presenteeism have been emphasized in occupational mental health. However, associations between rumination, SCI, presenteeism, and psychological well-being are not fully understood. We hypothesized that SCI and presenteeism mediate the associations between rumination and subjective well-being (SWB) and subjective ill-being (SIB). Hence, we investigated the mediating roles of SCI and presenteeism in this study.

Methods

A total of 458 adult workers (mean age, 40.8±11.9 years; 44.1% male), who were recruited in Tokyo using convenience sampling, were analyzed in this study. The Ruminative Responses Scale, Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment, Work Limitations Questionnaire 8, and Subjective Well-being Inventory were used to evaluate rumination, SCI, presenteeism, and psychological well-being (SWB and SIB), respectively. Path analyses were performed to evaluate the relations between these parameters.

Results

The path analysis indicated that rumination, SCI, and presenteeism were directly and negatively associated with SWB and SIB. Regarding indirect effects, rumination was negatively associated with SWB and SIB via SCI, presenteeism, and both SCI and presenteeism. Furthermore, SCI was negatively associated with SWB and SIB via presenteeism.

Conclusions

The results suggest that SCI and presenteeism mediate the associations of rumination with SWB and SIB in Japanese adult workers. To address the psychological well-being associated with rumination, evaluating SCI and presenteeism simultaneously may be useful in occupational mental health. This study provides key insights into the development of comprehensive intervention strategy based on the biopsychosocial perspective for worker’s psychological well-being.

Available only for authorised users

Fusar-Poli P, Salazar de Pablo G, De Micheli A, Nieman DH, Correll CU, Kessing LV, et al. What is good mental health? A scoping review. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2020;31:33–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.12.105.CrossRefPubMed

Howell RT, Kern ML, Lyubomirsky S. Health benefits: meta-analytically determining the impact of well-being on objective health outcomes. Health Psychol Rev. 2007;1:83–136. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437190701492486.CrossRef

Keyes CLM. The mental health continuum: From languishing to flourishing in life. J Health Soc Behav. 2002;43:207–22 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12096700.CrossRef

Kanai Y, Takaesu Y, Nakai Y, Ichiki M, Sato M, Matsumoto Y, et al. The influence of childhood abuse, adult life events, and affective temperaments on the well-being of the general, nonclinical adult population. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2016;12:823–32. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S100474.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Solmi M, Durbaba S, Ashworth M, Fusar-Poli P. Proportion of young people in the general population consulting general practitioners: potential for mental health screening and prevention. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2020;14:631–5. https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.12908.CrossRefPubMed

Fusar-Poli P, Rutigliano G, Stahl D, Davies C, Bonoldi I, Reilly T, et al. Development and validation of a clinically based risk calculator for the transdiagnostic prediction of psychosis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2017;74:493–500. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.0284.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

McGorry PD, Hartmann JA, Spooner R, Nelson B. Beyond the “at risk mental state” concept: transitioning to transdiagnostic psychiatry. World Psychiatry. 2018;17:133–42. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20514.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Prochaska JO, Evers KE, Johnson JL, Castle PH, Prochaska JM, Sears LE, et al. The well-being assessment for productivity: a well-being approach to presenteeism. J Occup Environ Med. 2011;53:735–42. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e318222af48.CrossRefPubMed

Brunner B, Igic I, Keller AC, Wieser S. Who gains the most from improving working conditions? Health-related absenteeism and presenteeism due to stress at work. Eur J Health Econ. 2019;20:1165–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-019-01084-9.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

10.

Schmidt B, Schneider M, Seeger P, van Vianen A, Loerbroks A, Herr RM. A comparison of job stress models: associations with employee well-being, absenteeism, presenteeism, and resulting costs. J Occup Environ Med. 2019;61:535–44. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001582.CrossRefPubMed

11.

Cancelliere C, Donovan J, Stochkendahl MJ, Biscardi M, Ammendolia C, Myburgh C, et al. Factors affecting return to work after injury or illness: best evidence synthesis of systematic reviews. Chiropr Man Therap. 2016;24:32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-016-0113-z.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

12.

Skagen K, Collins AM. The consequences of sickness presenteeism on health and wellbeing over time: A systematic review. Soc Sci Med. 2016;161:169–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.06.005.CrossRefPubMed

13.

Toyoshima K, Inoue T, Masuya J, Ichiki M, Fujimura Y, Kusumi I. Evaluation of subjective cognitive function using the Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment (COBRA) in Japanese adults. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2019;15:2981–90. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S218382.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

14.

Toyoshima K, Inoue T, Shimura A, Masuya J, Ichiki M, Fujimura Y, et al. Associations between the depressive symptoms, subjective cognitive function, and presenteeism of Japanese adult workers: a cross-sectional survey study. Bio Psycho Social Med. 2020;14:10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-020-00183-x.CrossRef

15.

Bhushan A, Fondell E, Ascherio A, Yuan C, Grodstein F, Willett W. Adherence to Mediterranean diet and subjective cognitive function in men. Eur J Epidemiol. 2018;33:223–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-017-0330-3.CrossRefPubMed

16.

Nolen-Hoeksema S, Wisco BE, Lyubomirsky S. Rethinking rumination. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2008;3:400–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00088.x.CrossRefPubMed

17.

Kühn S, Vanderhasselt MA, De Raedt R, Gallinat J. Why ruminators won't stop: the structural and resting state correlates of rumination and its relation to depression. J Affect Disord. 2012;141:352–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.03.024.CrossRefPubMed

18.

Ottaviani C, Thayer JF, Verkuil B, Lonigro A, Medea B, Couyoumdjian A, et al. Physiological concomitants of perseverative cognition: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Bull. 2016;142:231–59. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000036.CrossRefPubMed

19.

Chiu CPY, Griffith JW, Lenaert B, Raes F, Hermans D, Barry TJ. Meta-analysis of the association between rumination and reduced autobiographical memory specificity. Memory. 2018;26:1323–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2018.1474928.CrossRefPubMed

20.

Yang Y, Cao S, Shields GS, Teng Z, Liu Y. The relationships between rumination and core executive functions: A meta-analysis. Depress Anxiety. 2017;34:37–50. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22539.CrossRefPubMed

21.

Cropley M, Zijlstra FR, Querstret D, Beck S. Is work-related rumination associated with deficits in executive functioning? Front Psychol. 2016;7:1524. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01524.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

22.

Zoupanou Z, Rydstedt LW. The mediating and moderating role of affective rumination between work interruptions and well-being. Work. 2019;62:553–61. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-192890.CrossRefPubMed

23.

Gu J, Strauss C, Bond R, Cavanagh K. How do mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction improve mental health and wellbeing? A systematic review and meta-analysis of mediation studies. Clin Psychol Rev. 2015;37:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2015.01.006.CrossRefPubMed

24.

Cropley M, Collis H. The association between work-related rumination and executive function using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function. Front Psychol. 2020;11:821. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00821.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

25.

Harrington R, Loffredo DA. Insight, rumination, and self-reflection as predictors of well-being. Aust J Psychol. 2011;145(1):39–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2010.528072.

26.

Karabati S, Ensari N, Fiorentino D. Job satisfaction, rumination, and subjective well-being: A moderated mediational model. J Happiness Stud. 2019;20(1):251–68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-017-9947-x.

27.

Liu M, Wang N, Wang P, Wu H, Ding X, Zhao F. Negative emotions and job burnout in news media workers: A moderated mediation model of rumination and empathy. J Affect Disord. 2021;279:75–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.123.

28.

Rosa AR, Mercadé C, Sánchez-Moreno J, Solé B, Del Mar Bonnin C, Torrentet C, et al. Validity and reliability of a rating scale on subjective cognitive deficits in bipolar disorder (COBRA). J Affect Disord. 2013;150:29–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.02.022.CrossRefPubMed

29.

Lo BCY, Lau S, Cheung SH, Allen NB. The impact of rumination on internal attention switching. Cognit Emot. 2012;26(2):209–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2011.574997.

30.

van Vugt MK, van der Velde M. ESM-MERGE Investigators. How does rumination impact cognition? A first mechanistic model. Top Cogn Sci. 2018;10(1):175–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12318.

31.

Schudy A, Żurek K, Wiśniewska M, Piejka A, Gawȩda L, Okruszek L. Mental well-being during pandemic: The role of cognitive biases and emotion regulation strategies in risk perception and affective response to COVID-19. Front Psychiatr. 2020;11:589973. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.589973.

32.

Gavelin HM, Boraxbekk CJ, Stenlund T, Järvholm LS, Neely AS. Effects of a process-based cognitive training intervention for patients with stress-related exhaustion. Stress. 2015;18(5):578–88. https://doi.org/10.3109/10253890.2015.1064892.

33.

Nelson A, Gavelin HM, Boraxbekk CJ, Eskilsson T, Josefsson M, Järvholm LS, et al. Subjective cognitive complaints in patients with stress-related exhaustion disorder: a cross sectional study. BMC Psychol. 2021;9(1):84. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-021-00576-9.

34.

Gosselin E, Lemyre L, Corneil W. Presenteeism and absenteeism: differentiated understanding of related phenomena. J Occup Health Psychol. 2013;18:75–86. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0030932.CrossRefPubMed

35.

Böckerman P, Ilmakunnas P. The job satisfaction-productivity nexus: A study using matched survey and register data. Ind Labor Relat Rev. 2012;65:244–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/001979391206500203.CrossRef

36.

Kim S, Yu BH, Lee DS, Kim JH. Ruminative response in clinical patients with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and anxiety disorders. J Affect Disord. 2012;136:e77–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.06.034.CrossRefPubMed

37.

Smith EM, Reynolds S, Orchard F, Whalley HC, Chan SW. Cognitive biases predict symptoms of depression, anxiety and wellbeing above and beyond neuroticism in adolescence. J Affect Disord. 2018;241:446–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.08.051.CrossRefPubMed

38.

Sakuraya A, Imamura K, Watanabe K, Asai Y, Ando E, Eguchi H, et al. What kind of intervention is effective for improving subjective well-being among workers? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Psychol. 2020;11:528656. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.528656.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

39.

Toyoshima K, Inoue T, Shimura A, Uchida Y, Masuya J, Fujimura Y, et al. Mediating roles of cognitive complaints on relationships between insomnia, state anxiety, and presenteeism in Japanese adult workers. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18:4516. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094516.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

40.

Fredman Stein K, Morys-Carter WL, Hinkley L. Rumination and impaired prospective memory. J Gen Psychol. 2018;145:266–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2018.1469464.CrossRefPubMed

41.

Taloyan M, Aronsson G, Leineweber C, Magnusson Hanson L, Alexanderson K, Westerlund H. Sickness presenteeism predicts suboptimal self-rated health and sickness absence: a nationally representative study of the Swedish working population. PLoS One. 2012;7:e44721. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0044721.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

42.

Jeong W, Kim YK, Oh SS, Yoon JH, Park EC. Association between presenteeism/absenteeism and well-being among Korean workers. J Occup Environ Med. 2020;62(8):574–80. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000001901.

43.

Zhang J, Wang S, Wang W, Shan G, Guo S, Li Y. Nurses’ job insecurity and emotional exhaustion: The mediating effect of presenteeism and the moderating effect of supervisor support. Front Psychol. 2020;11:2239. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02239.

44.

Vahle-Hinz T, Mauno S, de Bloom J, Kinnunen U. Rumination for innovation? Analysing the longitudinal effects of work-related rumination on creativity at work and off-job recovery. Work Stress. 2017;31:315–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2017.1303761.CrossRef

45.

Zhang J, Li W, Ma H, Smith AP. Switch off totally or switch off strategically? The consequences of thinking about work on job performance. Psychol Rep. 2020:33294120968080. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294120968080.

46.

Nolen-Hoeksema S, Morrow J. A prospective study of depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms after a natural disaster: the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1991;61:115–21. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.61.1.115.CrossRefPubMed

47.

Treynor W, Gonzalez R, Nolen-Hoeksema S. Rumination reconsidered: A psychometric analysis. Cognit Ther Res. 2003;27:247–59. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023910315561.CrossRef

48.

Schoofs H, Hermans D, Raes F. Brooding and reflection as subtypes of rumination: evidence from confirmatory factor analysis in nonclinical samples using the Dutch Ruminative Response Scale. J Psychopathol Behav Assess. 2010;32:609–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-010-9182-9.CrossRef

49.

Hasegawa A. Translation and initial validation of the Japanese version of the Ruminative Responses Scale. Psychol Rep. 2013;112:716–26. https://doi.org/10.2466/02.08.PR0.112.3.716-726.CrossRefPubMed

50.

Toyoshima K, Fujii Y, Mitsui N, Kako Y, Asakura S, Martinez-Aran A, et al. Validity and reliability of the Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment (COBRA) in Japanese patients with bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res. 2017;254:85–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.04.043.CrossRefPubMed

51.

Lerner D, Amick BC III, Rogers WH, Malspeis S, Bungay K, Cynn D. The work limitations questionnaire. Med Care. 2001;39:72–85. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005650-200101000-00009.CrossRefPubMed

52.

Burton WN, Pransky G, Conti DJ, Chen CY, Edington DW. The association of medical conditions and presenteeism. J Occup Environ Med. 2004;46:S38–45. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.jom.0000126687.49652.44.CrossRefPubMed

53.

Takegami M, Yamazaki S, Greenhill A, Chang H, Fukuhara S. Work performance assessed by a newly developed Japanese version of the Work Limitation Questionnaire in a general Japanese adult population. J Occup Health. 2014;56:124–33. https://doi.org/10.1539/joh.13-0087-oa.CrossRefPubMed

54.

Lerner D, Chang H, Rogers WH, Benson C, Schein J, Allaire S. A method for imputing the impact of health problems on at-work performance and productivity from available health data. J Occup Environ Med. 2009;51:515–24. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181a82517.CrossRefPubMed

55.

Sell H, Nagpal R. Assessment of subjective well-being. The subjective well-being inventory (SUBI). Regional Health Paper. SEARO, 24. New Delhi: Regional Office for South-East Asia, World Health Organization; 1992. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/204813.

56.

Tonan K, Sonoda A, Ono Y. Production of the subjective well-being inventory, Japanese Edition: it’s reliability and validity. Jpn J Heal Psychol. 1995;8:12–9. https://doi.org/10.11560/jahp.8.2_12.CrossRef

57.

Ono Y, Yoshimura K. The subjective well-being inventory Japanese version. Tokyo: Kanekoshobo; 2001.

58.

Toyoshima K, Inoue T, Masuya J, Fujimura Y, Higashi S, Kusumi I. Associations among childhood parenting, affective temperaments, depressive symptoms, and cognitive complaints in adult community volunteers. J Affect Disord. 2020;276:361–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.107.CrossRefPubMed

59.

Toyoshima K, Inoue T, Masuya J, Fujimura Y, Higashi S, Kusumi I. Does subjective cognitive function mediate the effect of affective temperaments on functional disability in Japanese adults? Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2020;16:1675–84. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S256647.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

60.

Mazzetti G, Vignoli M, Schaufeli WB, Guglielmi D. Work addiction and presenteeism: the buffering role of managerial support. Int J Psychol. 2019;54:174–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12449.CrossRefPubMed

61.

Zheng Z, Peng F, Xu B, Zhao J, Liu H, Peng J, et al. Risk factors of critical & mortal COVID-19 cases: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. J Inf Secur. 2020;81:e16–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.021.CrossRef

62.

Toyoshima K, Ichiki M, Inoue T, Masuya J, Fujimura Y, Higashi S, et al. The role of cognitive complaints in the relationship between trait anxiety, depressive symptoms, and subjective well-being and ill-being in adult community volunteers. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2021;17:1299–309. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S303751.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

63.

Jones NP, Siegle GJ, Thase ME. Effects of rumination and initial severity on remission to cognitive therapy for depression. Cognit Ther Res. 2008;32:591–604. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-008-9191-0.CrossRef

64.

Spinhoven P, Klein N, Kennis M, Cramer AOJ, Siegle G, Cuijpers P, et al. The effects of cognitive-behavior therapy for depression on repetitive negative thinking: a meta-analysis. Behav Res Ther. 2018;106:71–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2018.04.002.CrossRefPubMed

65.

Hvenegaard M, Moeller SB, Poulsen S, Gondan M, Grafton B, Austin SF, et al. Group rumination-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) v. group CBT for depression: phase II trial. Psychol Med. 2020;50:11–9. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291718003835.CrossRefPubMed

Title: Subjective cognitive impairment and presenteeism mediate the associations of rumination with subjective well-being and ill-being in Japanese adult workers from the community
Authors: Kuniyoshi Toyoshima
Masahiko Ichiki
Takeshi Inoue
Akiyoshi Shimura
Jiro Masuya
Yota Fujimura
Shinji Higashi
Ichiro Kusumi
Publication date: 01-12-2021
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: BioPsychoSocial Medicine / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 1751-0759
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13030-021-00218-x

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Subjective cognitive impairment and presenteeism mediate the associations of rumination with subjective well-being and ill-being in Japanese adult workers from the community

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2021

The anxious-depressive attack severity scale: development and initial validation and reliability

Factors influencing post-ICU psychological distress in family members of critically ill patients: a linear mixed-effects model

Trajectories of objectively measured physical activity and mood states in older Japanese adults: longitudinal data from the Nakanojo Study

Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder and autistic traits in children with anorexia nervosa and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder

A case of vestibular schwannoma mimicking burning mouth syndrome

The psychosocial barriers to medication adherence of patients with type 2 diabetes: a qualitative study