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Annals of Intensive Care
Published in: Annals of Intensive Care 1/2021

01-12-2021 | Stroke | Research

Transpulmonary thermodilution in patients treated with veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Authors: Gregor Loosen, Alice Marguerite Conrad, Michael Hagman, Nils Essert, Manfred Thiel, Thomas Luecke, Joerg Krebs

Published in: Annals of Intensive Care | Issue 1/2021

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Abstract

Background

We tested the effect of different blood flow levels in the extracorporeal circuit on the measurements of cardiac stroke volume (SV), global end-diastolic volume index (GEDVI) and extravascular lung water index derived from transpulmonary thermodilution (TPTD) in 20 patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) treated with veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).

Methods

Comparative SV measurements with transesophageal echocardiography and TPTD were performed at least 5 times during the treatment of the patients. The data were interpreted with a Bland–Altman analysis corrected for repeated measurements. The interchangeability between both measurement modalities was calculated and the effects of extracorporeal blood flow on SV measurements with TPTD was analysed with a linear mixed effect model. GEDVI and EVLWI measurements were performed immediately before the termination of the ECMO therapy at a blood flow of 6 l/min, 4 l/min and 2 l/min and after the disconnection of the circuit in 7 patients.

Results

170 pairs of comparative SV measurements were analysed. Average difference between the two modalities (bias) was 0.28 ml with an upper level of agreement of 40 ml and a lower level of agreement of -39 ml within a 95% confidence interval and an overall interchangeability rate between TPTD and Echo of 64%. ECMO blood flow did not influence the mean bias between Echo and TPTD (0.03 ml per l/min of ECMO blood flow; p = 0.992; CI − 6.74 to 6.81). GEDVI measurement was not significantly influenced by the blood flow in the ECMO circuit, whereas EVLWI differed at a blood flow of 6 l/min compared to no ECMO flow (25.9 ± 10.1 vs. 11.0 ± 4.2 ml/kg, p = 0.0035).

Conclusions

Irrespectively of an established ECMO therapy, comparative SV measurements with Echo and TPTD are not interchangeable.
Such caveats also apply to the interpretation of EVLWI, especially with a high blood flow in the extracorporeal circulation. In such situations, the clinician should rely on other methods of evaluation of the amount of lung oedema with the haemodynamic situation, vasopressor support and cumulative fluid balance in mind.
Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00021050). Registered 03/30/2020
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Transpulmonary thermodilution in patients treated with veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors
Gregor Loosen
Alice Marguerite Conrad
Michael Hagman
Nils Essert
Manfred Thiel
Thomas Luecke
Joerg Krebs
Publication date
01-12-2021
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Annals of Intensive Care / Issue 1/2021
Electronic ISSN: 2110-5820
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13613-021-00890-w

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