Top

Acta Neurologica Belgica

Published in:

30-07-2023 | Stroke | Original article

Investigation of the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Sitting Balance Scale in individuals with stroke

Authors: Kübra Çapraz, Saniye Aydoğan Arslan, Teoman Çolak

Published in: Acta Neurologica Belgica | Issue 1/2024

Abstract

Objective

The purpose of the study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Sitting Balance Scale (SBS-T).

Methods

SBS-T was tested with 60 individuals with stroke. Test–retest reliability was calculated with the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). The Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), Function in Sitting Test (FIST), The Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and Barthel Index (BI) were used to test the validity of SBS-T. The internal consistency of the SBS-T items was calculated with the Cronbach Alpha Analysis. Factor analysis and hypothesis testing were used for construct validity. Ceiling and floor effects were calculated for reliability.

Results

The intra-observer ICC was found to be 0.970 and the inter-observer ICC value was 0.999. The Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient was detected to be 0.955. A high correlation was detected between SBS-T and TIS, BBS, FIST, and BI (r = 0.861, p = 0.001; r = 0.849, p = 0.001; r = 0.906, p = 0.001; r = 0.848, p = 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion

As a result of the factor analysis, it was found that the scale was determined by one single factor. No ceiling and floor effects were detected. The Turkish version of the SBS is a valid and reliable scale for predicting mobility and functionality in stroke for use in clinical and scientific studies.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier

NCT04801927.

Kim HY, Im Moon H, Chae YH, Im Yi T (2018) Investigating the dose-related effects of video game trunk control training in chronic stroke patients with poor sitting balance. Ann Rehabil Med 42(4):514–520CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Cabanas-Valdés R, Cuchi GU, Bagur-Calafat C (2013) Trunk training exercises approaches for improving trunk performance and functional sitting balance in patients with stroke: a systematic review. NeuroRehabilitation 33(4):575–592CrossRefPubMed

Khallaf ME (2020) Effect of task-specific training on trunk control and balance in patients with subacute stroke. Neurol Res Int 2020:1–8CrossRef

Hama S, Yamashita H, Shigenobu M, Watanabe A, Hiramoto K, Takimoto Y et al (2007) Sitting balance as an early predictor of functional improvement in association with depressive symptoms in stroke patients. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 61(5):543–551CrossRefPubMed

Van Criekinge T, Truijen S, Schröder J, Maebe Z, Blanckaert K, van der Waal C, Vink M, Saeys W (2019) The effectiveness of trunk training on trunk control, sitting and standing balance and mobility post-stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil 33(6):992–1002CrossRefPubMed

Birnbaum M, Hill K, Kinsella R, Black S, Clark R, Brock K (2018) Comprehensive clinical sitting balance measures for individuals following stroke: a systematic review on the methodological quality. Disabil Rehabil 40(6):616–630CrossRefPubMed

Lee HH, Lee DG, Hong SK, Jung HJ, Choi DH, Lee J (2021) Predicting independence of gait by assessing sitting balance through sitting posturography in patients with subacute hemiplegic stroke. Top Stroke Rehabil 28(4):258–267CrossRefPubMed

Cabanas-Valdés R, Bagur-Calafat C, Caballero-Gómez FM, Cervera-Cuenca C, Moya-Valdés R, Rodríguez-Rubio PR, Urrútia G (2017) Validation and reliability of the Spanish version of the function in sitting test (S-FIST) to assess sitting balance in subacute post-stroke adult patients. Top Stroke Rehabil 24(6):472–478CrossRefPubMed

Ozdil A, Iyigun G, Kalyoncu C (2019) The comparison of clinical and computerized measurement of sitting balance in stroke patients and healthy individuals. NeuroRehabilitation 44(3):361–368CrossRefPubMed

10.

Gorman SL, Radtka S, Melnick ME, Abrams GM, Byl NN (2010) Development and validation of the function in sitting test in adults with acute stroke. J Neurol Phys Ther 34(3):150–160CrossRefPubMed

11.

Verheyden G, Vereeck L, Truijen S, Troch M, Herregodts I, Lafosse C, Nieuwboer A, Weerdt WD (2006) Trunk performance after stroke and the relationship with balance, gait and functional ability. Clin rehabil 20(5):451–458CrossRefPubMed

12.

Benaim C, Pérennou DA, Villy J, Rousseaux M, Pelissier JY (1999) Validation of a standardized assessment of postural control in stroke patients: the postural assessment scale for stroke patients (PASS). Stroke 30(9):1862–1868CrossRefPubMed

13.

Thornton M, Sveistrup H (2010) Intra-and inter-rater reliability and validity of the Ottawa sitting scale: a new tool to characterise sitting balance in acute care patients. Disabil Rehabil 32(19):1568–1575CrossRefPubMed

14.

Medley A, Thompson M (2011) Development, reliability, and validity of the Sitting Balance Scale. Physiother Theory Pract 27(7):471–481CrossRefPubMed

15.

Beaton DE, Bombardier C, Guillemin F, Ferraz MB (2000) Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine 25(24):3186–3191CrossRefPubMed

16.

Sahin F, Buyukavci R, Sag S, Dogu B, Kuran B (2013) Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the berg balance scale in patients with stroke. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 59(3):170–176

17.

Erol BN, Aydoğan Arslan S, Yaşar E, Keskin ED, Savcun Demirci C (2022) Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of function in sitting test (FIST-T) in stroke. Top Stroke Rehabil 29(1):49–57CrossRefPubMed

18.

Küçükdeveci AA, Yavuzer G, Tennant A, Süldür N, Sonel B, Arasil T (2000) Adaptation of the modified Barthel Index for use in physical medicine and rehabilitation in Turkey. Scand J Rehabil Med 32(2):87–92CrossRefPubMed

19.

Thompson M, Medley A, Teran S (2013) Validity of the Sitting Balance Scale in older adults who are non-ambulatory or have limited functional mobility. Clin rehabil 27(2):166–173CrossRefPubMed

20.

Berg K, Wood-Dauphine S, Williams J, Gayton D (1989) Measuring balance in the elderly: preliminary development of an instrument. Physiother Can 41(6):304–311CrossRef

21.

Shah S, Vanclay F, Cooper B (1989) Improving the sensitivity of the Barthel Index for stroke rehabilitation. J Clin Epidemiol 42(8):703–709CrossRefPubMed

22.

Koo T, Li MY (2016) A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. J Chiropr Med 15:155–163CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

23.

Weir JP (2005) Quantifying test-retest reliability using the intraclass correlation coefficient and the SEM. J Strength Cond Res 19(1):231–240PubMed

24.

Gorsuch RL (1997) Exploratory factor analysis: its role in item analysis. J Pers Assess 68(3):532–560CrossRefPubMed

25.

Alzyoud J, Medley A, Thompson M, Csiza L (2022) Responsiveness, minimal detectable change, and minimal clinically important difference of the Sitting Balance Scale and function in sitting test in people with stroke. Physiother Theory Pract 38(2):327–336CrossRefPubMed

26.

Lee K, Lee JW, Kim BR, Shin D, Jeong S, Shin H, Choi W, An S, Lee G (2021) The relationship between sitting balance, trunk control and mobility with predictive for current mobility level in survivors of sub-acute stroke. PLoS ONE 16(8):e0251977CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

27.

Thompson MC, Medley A, McDowell DR, Woods T, Fernandez-Fernandez A, Lingam V, et al (2020) Examining validity and responsiveness of the Sitting Balance Scale across settings and patient diagnoses. in 2020 combined sections meeting (CSM). An Academy of the American Physical Therapy Association. 2020: e1

28.

Sandin KJ, Smith BS (1990) The measure of balance in sitting in stroke rehabilitation prognosis. Stroke 21(1):82–86CrossRefPubMed

29.

Kim Y, Kim J, Nam H, Kim HD, Eom MJ, Jung SH, Han N (2020) Ultrasound imaging of the trunk muscles in acute stroke patients and relations with balance scales. Ann Rehabil Med 44(4):273–283CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Title: Investigation of the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Sitting Balance Scale in individuals with stroke
Authors: Kübra Çapraz
Saniye Aydoğan Arslan
Teoman Çolak
Publication date: 30-07-2023
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Keyword: Stroke
Published in: Acta Neurologica Belgica / Issue 1/2024
Print ISSN: 0300-9009
Electronic ISSN: 2240-2993
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-023-02343-6

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Investigation of the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Sitting Balance Scale in individuals with stroke

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier

Please log in to get access to this content

Other articles of this Issue 1/2024

SERAC1 gene mutation presented with markedly alpha fetoprotein elevation: case report

Long-term efficacy and safety of leflunomide combined with low-dose prednisone in treatment of myasthenia gravis: a retrospective study

The role of unidentified bright objects in the neurocognitive profile of neurofibromatosis type 1 children: a volumetric MRI analysis

Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease due to novel LDLR gene mutation

Quantitative susceptibility mapping from basal ganglia and related structures: correlation with disease severity in progressive supranuclear palsy

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol is associated with lowered cognitive recovery among acute ischemic stroke patients with mild cognitive impairment