Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Pediatric Nephrology 9/2009

01-09-2009 | Review

Stimulatory and inhibitory signaling molecules that regulate renal branching morphogenesis

Authors: Darren Bridgewater, Norman D. Rosenblum

Published in: Pediatric Nephrology | Issue 9/2009

Login to get access

Abstract

Branching morphogenesis, defined as the growth and branching of epithelial tubules, is a fundamental developmental process involved in the formation of a variety of mammalian tissues, including the kidney. Defective renal branching may result in a number of clinically relevant abnormalities, including renal agenesis, renal dysplasia, multiplex kidneys, and hypertension. In this review we describe the morphological events that generate the characteristic tree-like structure of the mammalian collecting system. We also highlight new knowledge related to both established and novel signaling systems that are important for stimulating and inhibiting branching morphogenesis.
Literature
1.
go back to reference Piscione TD, Rosenblum ND (2002) The molecular control of renal branching morphogenesis: current knowledge and emerging insights. Differentiation 70:227–246PubMed Piscione TD, Rosenblum ND (2002) The molecular control of renal branching morphogenesis: current knowledge and emerging insights. Differentiation 70:227–246PubMed
2.
go back to reference Costantini F (2006) Renal branching morphogenesis: concepts, questions, and recent advances. Differentiation 74:402–421PubMed Costantini F (2006) Renal branching morphogenesis: concepts, questions, and recent advances. Differentiation 74:402–421PubMed
3.
go back to reference Shah MM, Sampogna RV, Sakurai H, Bush KT, Nigam SK (2004) Branching morphogenesis and kidney disease. Development 131:1449–1462PubMed Shah MM, Sampogna RV, Sakurai H, Bush KT, Nigam SK (2004) Branching morphogenesis and kidney disease. Development 131:1449–1462PubMed
4.
go back to reference Osathanondh V, Potter E (1963) Development of the human kidney as shown by microdissection III. Formation and interrelationships of collecting tubules and nephrons. Arch Pathol 76:290–302PubMed Osathanondh V, Potter E (1963) Development of the human kidney as shown by microdissection III. Formation and interrelationships of collecting tubules and nephrons. Arch Pathol 76:290–302PubMed
5.
go back to reference Watanabe T, Costantini F (2004) Real-time analysis of ureteric bud branching morphogenesis in vitro. Dev Biol 271:98–108PubMed Watanabe T, Costantini F (2004) Real-time analysis of ureteric bud branching morphogenesis in vitro. Dev Biol 271:98–108PubMed
6.
go back to reference Pachnis V, Mankoo B, Costantini F (1993) Expression of the c-ret proto-oncogene during mouse embryogenesis. Development 119:1005–1017PubMed Pachnis V, Mankoo B, Costantini F (1993) Expression of the c-ret proto-oncogene during mouse embryogenesis. Development 119:1005–1017PubMed
7.
go back to reference Majumdar A, Vainio S, Kispert A, McMahon J, McMahon AP (2003) Wnt11 and Ret/Gdnf pathways cooperate in regulating ureteric branching during metanephric kidney development. Development 130:3175–3185PubMed Majumdar A, Vainio S, Kispert A, McMahon J, McMahon AP (2003) Wnt11 and Ret/Gdnf pathways cooperate in regulating ureteric branching during metanephric kidney development. Development 130:3175–3185PubMed
8.
go back to reference Schmidt-Ott KM, Yang J, Chen X, Wang H, Paragas N, Mori K, Li JY, Lu B, Costantini F, Schiffer M, Bottinger E, Barasch J (2005) Novel regulators of kidney development from the tips of the ureteric bud. J Am Soc Nephrol 16:1993–2002PubMed Schmidt-Ott KM, Yang J, Chen X, Wang H, Paragas N, Mori K, Li JY, Lu B, Costantini F, Schiffer M, Bottinger E, Barasch J (2005) Novel regulators of kidney development from the tips of the ureteric bud. J Am Soc Nephrol 16:1993–2002PubMed
9.
go back to reference Li Z, Stuart RO, Qiao J, Pavlova A, Bush KT, Pohl M, Sakurai H, Nigam SK (2000) A role for timeless in epithelial morphogenesis during kidney development. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:10038–10043PubMed Li Z, Stuart RO, Qiao J, Pavlova A, Bush KT, Pohl M, Sakurai H, Nigam SK (2000) A role for timeless in epithelial morphogenesis during kidney development. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:10038–10043PubMed
10.
go back to reference Michael L, Sweeney DE, Davies JA (2007) The lectin Dolichos biflorus agglutinin is a sensitive indicator of branching morphogenetic activity in the developing mouse metanephric collecting duct system. J Anat 210:89–97PubMedPubMedCentral Michael L, Sweeney DE, Davies JA (2007) The lectin Dolichos biflorus agglutinin is a sensitive indicator of branching morphogenetic activity in the developing mouse metanephric collecting duct system. J Anat 210:89–97PubMedPubMedCentral
11.
go back to reference Michael L, Davies JA (2004) Pattern and regulation of cell proliferation during murine ureteric bud development. J Anat 204:241–255PubMedPubMedCentral Michael L, Davies JA (2004) Pattern and regulation of cell proliferation during murine ureteric bud development. J Anat 204:241–255PubMedPubMedCentral
12.
go back to reference Hellmich HL, Kos L, Cho ES, Mahon KA, Zimmer A (1996) Embryonic expression of glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) suggests multiple developmental roles in neural differentiation and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Mech Dev 54:95–105PubMed Hellmich HL, Kos L, Cho ES, Mahon KA, Zimmer A (1996) Embryonic expression of glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) suggests multiple developmental roles in neural differentiation and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Mech Dev 54:95–105PubMed
13.
go back to reference Pichel JG, Shen L, Sheng HZ, Granholm AC, Drago J, Grinberg A, Lee EJ, Huang SP, Saarma M, Hoffer BJ, Sariola H, Westphal H (1996) GDNF is required for kidney development and enteric innervation. Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 61:445–457PubMed Pichel JG, Shen L, Sheng HZ, Granholm AC, Drago J, Grinberg A, Lee EJ, Huang SP, Saarma M, Hoffer BJ, Sariola H, Westphal H (1996) GDNF is required for kidney development and enteric innervation. Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 61:445–457PubMed
14.
go back to reference Sainio K, Suvanto P, Davies J, Wartiovaara J, Wartiovaara K, Saarma M, Arumae U, Meng X, Lindahl M, Pachnis V, Sariola H (1997) Glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor is required for bud initiation from ureteric epithelium. Development 124:4077–4087PubMed Sainio K, Suvanto P, Davies J, Wartiovaara J, Wartiovaara K, Saarma M, Arumae U, Meng X, Lindahl M, Pachnis V, Sariola H (1997) Glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor is required for bud initiation from ureteric epithelium. Development 124:4077–4087PubMed
15.
go back to reference Schuchardt A, D'Agati V, Larsson-Blomberg L, Costantini F, Pachnis V (1994) Defects in the kidney and enteric nervous system of mice lacking the tyrosine kinase receptor Ret. Nature 367:380–383PubMed Schuchardt A, D'Agati V, Larsson-Blomberg L, Costantini F, Pachnis V (1994) Defects in the kidney and enteric nervous system of mice lacking the tyrosine kinase receptor Ret. Nature 367:380–383PubMed
16.
go back to reference Schuchardt A, D'Agati V, Pachnis V, Costantini F (1996) Renal agenesis and hypodysplasia in ret-k- mutant mice result from defects in ureteric bud development. Development 122:1919–1929PubMed Schuchardt A, D'Agati V, Pachnis V, Costantini F (1996) Renal agenesis and hypodysplasia in ret-k- mutant mice result from defects in ureteric bud development. Development 122:1919–1929PubMed
17.
go back to reference Enomoto H, Araki T, Jackman A, Heuckeroth RO, Snider WD, Johnson EM Jr, Milbrandt J (1998) GFR alpha1-deficient mice have deficits in the enteric nervous system and kidneys. Neuron 21:317–324PubMed Enomoto H, Araki T, Jackman A, Heuckeroth RO, Snider WD, Johnson EM Jr, Milbrandt J (1998) GFR alpha1-deficient mice have deficits in the enteric nervous system and kidneys. Neuron 21:317–324PubMed
18.
go back to reference Jain S, Encinas M, Johnson EM Jr, Milbrandt J (2006) Critical and distinct roles for key RET tyrosine docking sites in renal development. Genes Dev 20:321–333PubMedPubMedCentral Jain S, Encinas M, Johnson EM Jr, Milbrandt J (2006) Critical and distinct roles for key RET tyrosine docking sites in renal development. Genes Dev 20:321–333PubMedPubMedCentral
19.
go back to reference Fisher CE, Michael L, Barnett MW, Davies JA (2001) Erk MAP kinase regulates branching morphogenesis in the developing mouse kidney. Development 128:4329–4338PubMed Fisher CE, Michael L, Barnett MW, Davies JA (2001) Erk MAP kinase regulates branching morphogenesis in the developing mouse kidney. Development 128:4329–4338PubMed
20.
go back to reference Tang MJ, Cai Y, Tsai SJ, Wang YK, Dressler GR (2002) Ureteric bud outgrowth in response to RET activation is mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Dev Biol 243:128–136PubMed Tang MJ, Cai Y, Tsai SJ, Wang YK, Dressler GR (2002) Ureteric bud outgrowth in response to RET activation is mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Dev Biol 243:128–136PubMed
21.
go back to reference Mendelsohn C, Batourina E, Fung S, Gilbert T, Dodd J (1999) Stromal cells mediate retinoid-dependent functions essential for renal development. Development 126:1139–1148PubMed Mendelsohn C, Batourina E, Fung S, Gilbert T, Dodd J (1999) Stromal cells mediate retinoid-dependent functions essential for renal development. Development 126:1139–1148PubMed
22.
go back to reference Quinlan J, Kaplan F, Sweezey N, Goodyer P (2007) LGL1, a novel branching morphogen in developing kidney, is induced by retinoic acid. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 293:F987–993PubMed Quinlan J, Kaplan F, Sweezey N, Goodyer P (2007) LGL1, a novel branching morphogen in developing kidney, is induced by retinoic acid. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 293:F987–993PubMed
23.
go back to reference Basson MA, Akbulut S, Watson-Johnson J, Simon R, Carroll TJ, Shakya R, Gross I, Martin GR, Lufkin T, McMahon AP, Wilson PD, Costantini FD, Mason IJ, Licht JD (2005) Sprouty1 is a critical regulator of GDNF/RET-mediated kidney induction. Dev Cell 8:229–239PubMed Basson MA, Akbulut S, Watson-Johnson J, Simon R, Carroll TJ, Shakya R, Gross I, Martin GR, Lufkin T, McMahon AP, Wilson PD, Costantini FD, Mason IJ, Licht JD (2005) Sprouty1 is a critical regulator of GDNF/RET-mediated kidney induction. Dev Cell 8:229–239PubMed
24.
go back to reference Kim D, Dressler GR (2007) PTEN modulates GDNF/RET mediated chemotaxis and branching morphogenesis in the developing kidney. Dev Biol 307:290–299PubMedPubMedCentral Kim D, Dressler GR (2007) PTEN modulates GDNF/RET mediated chemotaxis and branching morphogenesis in the developing kidney. Dev Biol 307:290–299PubMedPubMedCentral
25.
go back to reference Grieshammer U, Le M, Plump AS, Wang F, Tessier-Lavigne M, Martin GR (2004) SLIT2-mediated ROBO2 signaling restricts kidney induction to a single site. Dev Cell 6:709–717PubMed Grieshammer U, Le M, Plump AS, Wang F, Tessier-Lavigne M, Martin GR (2004) SLIT2-mediated ROBO2 signaling restricts kidney induction to a single site. Dev Cell 6:709–717PubMed
26.
go back to reference Brophy PD, Ostrom L, Lang KM, Dressler GR (2001) Regulation of ureteric bud outgrowth by Pax2-dependent activation of the glial derived neurotrophic factor gene. Development 128:4747–4756PubMed Brophy PD, Ostrom L, Lang KM, Dressler GR (2001) Regulation of ureteric bud outgrowth by Pax2-dependent activation of the glial derived neurotrophic factor gene. Development 128:4747–4756PubMed
27.
go back to reference Xu PX, Adams J, Peters H, Brown MC, Heaney S, Maas R (1999) Eya1-deficient mice lack ears and kidneys and show abnormal apoptosis of organ primordia. Nat Genet 23:113–117PubMed Xu PX, Adams J, Peters H, Brown MC, Heaney S, Maas R (1999) Eya1-deficient mice lack ears and kidneys and show abnormal apoptosis of organ primordia. Nat Genet 23:113–117PubMed
28.
go back to reference Gong KQ, Yallowitz AR, Sun H, Dressler GR, Wellik DM (2007) A Hox-Eya-Pax complex regulates early kidney developmental gene expression. Mol Cell Biol 27:7661–7668PubMedPubMedCentral Gong KQ, Yallowitz AR, Sun H, Dressler GR, Wellik DM (2007) A Hox-Eya-Pax complex regulates early kidney developmental gene expression. Mol Cell Biol 27:7661–7668PubMedPubMedCentral
29.
go back to reference Kume T, Deng K, Hogan BL (2000) Murine forkhead/winged helix genes Foxc1 (Mf1) and Foxc2 (Mfh1) are required for the early organogenesis of the kidney and urinary tract. Development 127:1387–1395PubMed Kume T, Deng K, Hogan BL (2000) Murine forkhead/winged helix genes Foxc1 (Mf1) and Foxc2 (Mfh1) are required for the early organogenesis of the kidney and urinary tract. Development 127:1387–1395PubMed
30.
go back to reference Dudley AT, Robertson EJ (1997) Overlapping expression domains of bone morphogenetic protein family members potentially account for limited tissue defects in BMP7 deficient embryos. Dev Dyn 208:349–362PubMed Dudley AT, Robertson EJ (1997) Overlapping expression domains of bone morphogenetic protein family members potentially account for limited tissue defects in BMP7 deficient embryos. Dev Dyn 208:349–362PubMed
31.
go back to reference Miyazaki Y, Oshima K, Fogo A, Hogan BL, Ichikawa I (2000) Bone morphogenetic protein 4 regulates the budding site and elongation of the mouse ureter. J Clin Invest 105:863–873PubMedPubMedCentral Miyazaki Y, Oshima K, Fogo A, Hogan BL, Ichikawa I (2000) Bone morphogenetic protein 4 regulates the budding site and elongation of the mouse ureter. J Clin Invest 105:863–873PubMedPubMedCentral
32.
go back to reference Michos O, Panman L, Vintersten K, Beier K, Zeller R, Zuniga A (2004) Gremlin-mediated BMP antagonism induces the epithelial-mesenchymal feedback signaling controlling metanephric kidney and limb organogenesis. Development 131:3401–3410PubMed Michos O, Panman L, Vintersten K, Beier K, Zeller R, Zuniga A (2004) Gremlin-mediated BMP antagonism induces the epithelial-mesenchymal feedback signaling controlling metanephric kidney and limb organogenesis. Development 131:3401–3410PubMed
33.
go back to reference Bridgewater D, Cox B, Cain J, Lau A, Athaide V, Gill PS, Kuure S, Sainio K, Rosenblum ND (2008) Canonical WNT/beta-catenin signaling is required for ureteric branching. Dev Biol 317:83–94PubMed Bridgewater D, Cox B, Cain J, Lau A, Athaide V, Gill PS, Kuure S, Sainio K, Rosenblum ND (2008) Canonical WNT/beta-catenin signaling is required for ureteric branching. Dev Biol 317:83–94PubMed
34.
go back to reference Iglesias DM, Hueber PA, Chu L, Campbell R, Patenaude AM, Dziarmaga AJ, Quinlan J, Mohamed O, Dufort D, Goodyer PR (2007) Canonical WNT signaling during kidney development. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 293:F494–500PubMed Iglesias DM, Hueber PA, Chu L, Campbell R, Patenaude AM, Dziarmaga AJ, Quinlan J, Mohamed O, Dufort D, Goodyer PR (2007) Canonical WNT signaling during kidney development. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 293:F494–500PubMed
35.
go back to reference Schwab KR, Patterson LT, Hartman HA, Song N, Lang RA, Lin X, Potter SS (2007) Pygo1 and Pygo2 roles in Wnt signaling in mammalian kidney development. BMC Biol 5:15PubMedPubMedCentral Schwab KR, Patterson LT, Hartman HA, Song N, Lang RA, Lin X, Potter SS (2007) Pygo1 and Pygo2 roles in Wnt signaling in mammalian kidney development. BMC Biol 5:15PubMedPubMedCentral
36.
go back to reference Hasegawa Y, Satoh K, Iizuka-Kogo A, Shimomura A, Nomura R, Akiyama T, Senda T (2007) Loss of ICAT gene function leads to arrest of ureteric bud branching and renal agenesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 362:988–994PubMed Hasegawa Y, Satoh K, Iizuka-Kogo A, Shimomura A, Nomura R, Akiyama T, Senda T (2007) Loss of ICAT gene function leads to arrest of ureteric bud branching and renal agenesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 362:988–994PubMed
37.
go back to reference Marose TD, Merkel CE, McMahon AP, Carroll TJ (2008) Beta-catenin is necessary to keep cells of ureteric bud/Wolffian duct epithelium in a precursor state. Dev Biol 314:112–126PubMed Marose TD, Merkel CE, McMahon AP, Carroll TJ (2008) Beta-catenin is necessary to keep cells of ureteric bud/Wolffian duct epithelium in a precursor state. Dev Biol 314:112–126PubMed
38.
go back to reference Miyamoto N, Yoshida M, Kuratani S, Matsuo I, Aizawa S (1997) Defects of urogenital development in mice lacking Emx2. Development 124:1653–1664PubMed Miyamoto N, Yoshida M, Kuratani S, Matsuo I, Aizawa S (1997) Defects of urogenital development in mice lacking Emx2. Development 124:1653–1664PubMed
39.
go back to reference Stark K, Vainio S, Vassileva G, McMahon AP (1994) Epithelial transformation of metanephric mesenchyme in the developing kidney regulated by Wnt-4. Nature 372:679–683PubMed Stark K, Vainio S, Vassileva G, McMahon AP (1994) Epithelial transformation of metanephric mesenchyme in the developing kidney regulated by Wnt-4. Nature 372:679–683PubMed
40.
go back to reference Kispert A, Vainio S, Shen L, Rowitch DH, McMahon AP (1996) Proteoglycans are required for maintenance of Wnt-11 expression in the ureter tips. Development 122:3627–3637PubMed Kispert A, Vainio S, Shen L, Rowitch DH, McMahon AP (1996) Proteoglycans are required for maintenance of Wnt-11 expression in the ureter tips. Development 122:3627–3637PubMed
41.
go back to reference Lin Y, Liu A, Zhang S, Ruusunen T, Kreidberg JA, Peltoketo H, Drummond I, Vainio S (2001) Induction of ureter branching as a response to Wnt-2b signaling during early kidney organogenesis. Dev Dyn 222:26–39PubMed Lin Y, Liu A, Zhang S, Ruusunen T, Kreidberg JA, Peltoketo H, Drummond I, Vainio S (2001) Induction of ureter branching as a response to Wnt-2b signaling during early kidney organogenesis. Dev Dyn 222:26–39PubMed
42.
go back to reference Massague J (1998) TGF-beta signal transduction. Annu Rev Biochem 67:753–791PubMed Massague J (1998) TGF-beta signal transduction. Annu Rev Biochem 67:753–791PubMed
43.
go back to reference Dudley AT, Lyons KM, Robertson EJ (1995) A requirement for bone morphogenetic protein-7 during development of the mammalian kidney and eye. Genes Dev 9:2795–2807PubMed Dudley AT, Lyons KM, Robertson EJ (1995) A requirement for bone morphogenetic protein-7 during development of the mammalian kidney and eye. Genes Dev 9:2795–2807PubMed
44.
go back to reference Pelton RW, Saxena B, Jones M, Moses HL, Gold LI (1991) Immunohistochemical localization of TGF beta 1, TGF beta 2, and TGF beta 3 in the mouse embryo: expression patterns suggest multiple roles during embryonic development. J Cell Biol 115:1091–1105PubMed Pelton RW, Saxena B, Jones M, Moses HL, Gold LI (1991) Immunohistochemical localization of TGF beta 1, TGF beta 2, and TGF beta 3 in the mouse embryo: expression patterns suggest multiple roles during embryonic development. J Cell Biol 115:1091–1105PubMed
45.
go back to reference Sanford LP, Ormsby I, Gittenberger-de Groot AC, Sariola H, Friedman R, Boivin GP, Cardell EL, Doetschman T (1997) TGFbeta2 knockout mice have multiple developmental defects that are non-overlapping with other TGFbeta knockout phenotypes. Development 124:2659–2670PubMedPubMedCentral Sanford LP, Ormsby I, Gittenberger-de Groot AC, Sariola H, Friedman R, Boivin GP, Cardell EL, Doetschman T (1997) TGFbeta2 knockout mice have multiple developmental defects that are non-overlapping with other TGFbeta knockout phenotypes. Development 124:2659–2670PubMedPubMedCentral
46.
go back to reference Sims-Lucas S, Caruana G, Dowling J, Kett MM, Bertram JF (2008) Augmented and accelerated nephrogenesis in TGF-beta2 heterozygous mutant mice. Pediatr Res 63:607–612PubMed Sims-Lucas S, Caruana G, Dowling J, Kett MM, Bertram JF (2008) Augmented and accelerated nephrogenesis in TGF-beta2 heterozygous mutant mice. Pediatr Res 63:607–612PubMed
47.
go back to reference Hartwig S, Bridgewater D, Di Giovanni V, Cain J, Mishina Y, Rosenblum ND (2008) BMP receptor ALK3 controls collecting system development. J Am Soc Nephrol 19:117–124PubMedPubMedCentral Hartwig S, Bridgewater D, Di Giovanni V, Cain J, Mishina Y, Rosenblum ND (2008) BMP receptor ALK3 controls collecting system development. J Am Soc Nephrol 19:117–124PubMedPubMedCentral
48.
go back to reference Brenner BM, Garcia DL, Anderson S (1988) Glomeruli and blood pressure. Less of one, more the other? Am J Hypertens 1:335–347PubMed Brenner BM, Garcia DL, Anderson S (1988) Glomeruli and blood pressure. Less of one, more the other? Am J Hypertens 1:335–347PubMed
Metadata
Title
Stimulatory and inhibitory signaling molecules that regulate renal branching morphogenesis
Authors
Darren Bridgewater
Norman D. Rosenblum
Publication date
01-09-2009
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Pediatric Nephrology / Issue 9/2009
Print ISSN: 0931-041X
Electronic ISSN: 1432-198X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-008-1048-y

Other articles of this Issue 9/2009

Pediatric Nephrology 9/2009 Go to the issue

Educational Review

In praise of arrays