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Cellular Oncology
Published in: Cellular Oncology 1/2019

01-02-2019 | Original Paper

SOX3 can promote the malignant behavior of glioblastoma cells

Authors: Jelena Marjanovic Vicentic, Danijela Drakulic, Idoia Garcia, Vladanka Vukovic, Paula Aldaz, Nela Puskas, Igor Nikolic, Goran Tasic, Savo Raicevic, Laura Garros-Regulez, Nicolas Sampron, Michael J. Atkinson, Natasa Anastasov, Ander Matheu, Milena Stevanovic

Published in: Cellular Oncology | Issue 1/2019

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Abstract

Purpose

Glioblastoma is the most common and lethal adult brain tumor. Despite current therapeutic strategies, including surgery, radiation and chemotherapy, the median survival of glioblastoma patients is 15 months. The development of this tumor depends on a sub-population of glioblastoma stem cells governing tumor propagation and therapy resistance. SOX3 plays a role in both normal neural development and carcinogenesis. However, little is known about its role in glioblastoma. Thus, the aim of this work was to elucidate the role of SOX3 in glioblastoma.

Methods

SOX3 expression was assessed using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. MTT, immunocytochemistry and Transwell assays were used to evaluate the effects of exogenous SOX3 overexpression on the viability, proliferation, migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells, respectively. The expression of Hedgehog signaling pathway components and autophagy markers was assessed using RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses, respectively.

Results

Higher levels of SOX3 expression were detected in a subset of primary glioblastoma samples compared to those in non-tumoral brain tissues. Exogenous overexpression of this gene was found to increase the proliferation, viability, migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells. We also found that SOX3 up-regulation was accompanied by an enhanced activity of the Hedgehog signaling pathway and by suppression of autophagy in glioblastoma cells. Additionally, we found that SOX3 expression was elevated in patient-derived glioblastoma stem cells, as well as in oncospheres derived from glioblastoma cell lines, compared to their differentiated counterparts, implying that SOX3 expression is associated with the undifferentiated state of glioblastoma cells.

Conclusion

From our data we conclude that SOX3 can promote the malignant behavior of glioblastoma cells.
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Metadata
Title
SOX3 can promote the malignant behavior of glioblastoma cells
Authors
Jelena Marjanovic Vicentic
Danijela Drakulic
Idoia Garcia
Vladanka Vukovic
Paula Aldaz
Nela Puskas
Igor Nikolic
Goran Tasic
Savo Raicevic
Laura Garros-Regulez
Nicolas Sampron
Michael J. Atkinson
Natasa Anastasov
Ander Matheu
Milena Stevanovic
Publication date
01-02-2019
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Cellular Oncology / Issue 1/2019
Print ISSN: 2211-3428
Electronic ISSN: 2211-3436
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13402-018-0405-5

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