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01-10-2018 | Original Article

Southern Brazilian native fruit shows neurochemical, metabolic and behavioral benefits in an animal model of metabolic syndrome

Authors: Pathise Souto Oliveira, Vitor Clasen Chaves, Mayara Sandrielly Pereira Soares, Natália Pontes Bona, Lorenço Torres Mendonça, Fabiano Barbosa Carvalho, Jessié Martins Gutierres, Flávia Aleixo Vasconcellos, Marcia Vizzotto, Andriele Vieira, Roselia Maria Spanevello, Flávio Henrique Reginatto, Claiton Leoneti Lencina, Francieli Moro Stefanello

Published in: Metabolic Brain Disease | Issue 5/2018

Abstract

In this work, we evaluated the effects of Psidium cattleianum (Red Type) (PcRT) fruit extract on metabolic, behavioral, and neurochemical parameters in rats fed with a highly palatable diet (HPD) consisted of sucrose (65% carbohydrates being 34% from condensed milk, 8% from sucrose and 23% from starch, 25% protein and 10% fat). Animals were divided into 4 groups: standard chow, standard chow + PcRT extract (200 mg/Kg/day by gavage), HPD, HPD + extract. The animals were treated for 150 days. Concerning chemical profiling, LC/PDA/MS/MS analysis revealed cyanidin-3-O-glucoside as the only anthocyanin in the PcRT extract. Our results showed that the animals exposed to HPD presented glucose intolerance, increased weight gain and visceral fat, as well as higher serum levels of glucose, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and interleukin-6. These alterations were prevented by PcRT. In addition, HPD caused an increase in immobility time in a forced swimming test and the fruit extract prevented this alteration, indicating an antidepressant-like effect. PcRT treatment also prevented increased acetylcholinesterase activity in the prefrontal cortex caused by HPD consumption. Moreover, PcRT extract was able to restore Ca²⁺-ATPase activity in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum, as well as Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase activity in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. PcRT treatment decreased thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, nitrite, and reactive oxygen species levels and prevented the reduction of superoxide dismutase activity in all cerebral structures of the HPD group. Additionally, HPD decreased catalase in the hippocampus and striatum. However, the extract prevented this change in the hippocampus. Our results showed that this berry extract has antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects, and neuroprotective properties, proving to be a potential therapeutic agent for individuals with metabolic syndrome.

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Title: Southern Brazilian native fruit shows neurochemical, metabolic and behavioral benefits in an animal model of metabolic syndrome
Authors: Pathise Souto Oliveira
Vitor Clasen Chaves
Mayara Sandrielly Pereira Soares
Natália Pontes Bona
Lorenço Torres Mendonça
Fabiano Barbosa Carvalho
Jessié Martins Gutierres
Flávia Aleixo Vasconcellos
Marcia Vizzotto
Andriele Vieira
Roselia Maria Spanevello
Flávio Henrique Reginatto
Claiton Leoneti Lencina
Francieli Moro Stefanello
Publication date: 01-10-2018
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Metabolic Brain Disease / Issue 5/2018
Print ISSN: 0885-7490
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7365
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-018-0262-y

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Southern Brazilian native fruit shows neurochemical, metabolic and behavioral benefits in an animal model of metabolic syndrome

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