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Open Access 01-12-2022 | Smoking and Nicotine Detoxification | Research

Relationships of serum CC16 levels with smoking status and lung function in COPD

Authors: Kelli C. Gribben, Jill A. Poole, Amy J. Nelson, Paraskevi A. Farazi, Christopher S. Wichman, Art J. Heires, Debra J. Romberger, Tricia D. LeVan

Published in: Respiratory Research | Issue 1/2022

Abstract

Background

The club cell secretory protein (CC16) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and low CC16 serum levels have been associated with both risk and progression of COPD, yet the interaction between smoking and CC16 on lung function outcomes remains unknown.

Methods

Utilizing cross-sectional data on United States veterans, CC16 serum concentrations were measured by ELISA and log transformed for analyses. Spirometry was conducted and COPD status was defined by post-bronchodilator FEV₁/FVC ratio < 0.7. Smoking measures were self-reported on questionnaire. Multivariable logistic and linear regression were employed to examine associations between CC16 levels and COPD, and lung function with adjustment for covariates. Unadjusted Pearson correlations described relationships between CC16 level and lung function measures, pack-years smoked, and years since smoking cessation.

Results

The study population (N = 351) was mostly male, white, with an average age over 60 years. An interaction between CC16 and smoking status on FEV₁/FVC ratio was demonstrated among subjects with COPD (N = 245, p = 0.01). There was a positive correlation among former smokers and negative correlation among current or never smokers with COPD. Among former smokers with COPD, CC16 levels were also positively correlated with years since smoking cessation, and inversely related with pack-years smoked. Increasing CC16 levels were associated with lower odds of COPD (OR_adj = 0.36, 95% CI 0.22–0.57, P_adj < 0.0001).

Conclusions

Smoking status is an important effect modifier of CC16 relationships with lung function. Increasing serum CC16 corresponded to increases in FEV₁/FVC ratio in former smokers with COPD versus opposite relationships in current or never smokers. Additional longitudinal studies may be warranted to assess relationship of CC16 with smoking cessation on lung function among subjects with COPD.

Available only for authorised users

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Title: Relationships of serum CC16 levels with smoking status and lung function in COPD
Authors: Kelli C. Gribben
Jill A. Poole
Amy J. Nelson
Paraskevi A. Farazi
Christopher S. Wichman
Art J. Heires
Debra J. Romberger
Tricia D. LeVan
Publication date: 01-12-2022
Publisher: BioMed Central
Keywords: Smoking and Nicotine Detoxification
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
Published in: Respiratory Research / Issue 1/2022
Electronic ISSN: 1465-993X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-022-02158-8

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