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01-06-2021 | Sleep Apnea | Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Original Article

Serum vitamin D levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and level changes after continuous positive airway pressure therapy

Authors: Dimitra I. Siachpazidou, Ourania S. Kotsiou, Vasileios Stavrou, Chaido Pastaka, Eudoxia Gogou, Maria Kechagia, Charalampos Varsamas, Nicholas-Tiberio Economou, Spyridon Zouridis, Eleni Patrikioy, George Seitanidis, Maria Pinaka, Alexandra Sistou, Chrissi Hatzoglou, Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis

Published in: Sleep and Breathing | Issue 2/2021

Abstract

Purpose

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have been found to exhibit lower serum vitamin D levels, even when the control groups are matched for confounding conditions. However, contradictory studies are also present. This study aimed to compare serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels between adult patients with OSAS and non-apneic controls and to evaluate the changes in 25(OH)D levels after 3 and 12 months of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy.

Methods

The study was comprised of 30 patients with OSAS and 30 controls. Serum 25(OH)D levels were determined at baseline and after 3 and 12 months of CPAP therapy in all patients with OSAS. For analysis, patients with OSAS were divided into subgroups by adherence, with adherence defined as CPAP usage for > 4 h per night on at least 70% of nights.

Results

The 25(OH)D levels were not significantly different between OSAS and control groups at baseline. 25(OH)D levels did not change after 3 and 12 months of CPAP therapy. Patients who were CPAP-adherent showed less reduction in 25(OH)D levels compared with non-adherent ones (21.18 ± 9.3 vs. 12.13 ± 3.8 ng/mL, p = 0.022) after 1 year. The 25(OH)D levels were significantly correlated with higher daily CPAP usage at 3 and 12 months. Mean daily CPAP usage was a significant predictor of serum 25(OH)D levels at 12 months.

Conclusions

Patients with OSAS who demonstrated good CPAP adherence showed significantly higher 25(OH)D levels after 1 year compared with those not adequately using CPAP. Long-term good CPAP adherence and highly daily CPAP usage positively affected 25(OH)D levels in patients with OSAS.

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Title: Serum vitamin D levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and level changes after continuous positive airway pressure therapy
Authors: Dimitra I. Siachpazidou
Ourania S. Kotsiou
Vasileios Stavrou
Chaido Pastaka
Eudoxia Gogou
Maria Kechagia
Charalampos Varsamas
Nicholas-Tiberio Economou
Spyridon Zouridis
Eleni Patrikioy
George Seitanidis
Maria Pinaka
Alexandra Sistou
Chrissi Hatzoglou
Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis
Publication date: 01-06-2021
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Keyword: Sleep Apnea
Published in: Sleep and Breathing / Issue 2/2021
Print ISSN: 1520-9512
Electronic ISSN: 1522-1709
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-020-02146-6

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