Skip to main content
Top
Published in: European Radiology 8/2014

01-08-2014 | Magnetic Resonance

Short-term side-effects of brain MR examination at 7 T: a single-centre experience

Authors: M. Cosottini, D. Frosini, L. Biagi, I. Pesaresi, M. Costagli, G. Tiberi, M. Symms, M. Tosetti

Published in: European Radiology | Issue 8/2014

Login to get access

Abstract

Objective

To study patient tolerability of brain imaging that employs an ultrahigh field (7 T) MR system

Methods

We examined 180 subjects that underwent brain MR examination at 7 T. A tolerability test consisting of two parts (during patient table motion and during the examination) was administered to all subjects in order to monitor their discomfort. The scores range from 0 to 5 for the first part, and from 0 to 10 for the second part, the total score of each subject therefore ranging from 0 (no side effects reported) to 15 (lowest tolerability)

Results

A total of 51 % of subjects reported at least one side effect but all were mild in intensity and did not require examination interruption. No serious adverse event was reported. The total score (mean ± standard deviation) was 1.1 ± 1.5 out of 15 (mean score 0.4 ± 0.7 out of 5 during patient table motion and 0.7 ± 1.1 out of 10 during MR).
Patient discomfort was not related to gender or health status, but it was reduced with time after system installation with increasing operator experience in performing UHF MR examinations.

Conclusions

Ultrahigh field MRI is well tolerated without excessive discomfort to subjects.

Key Points

7-T MRI is well tolerated with low incidence of side effects
The subjects’ discomfort during 7-T MRI is reduced as the operators’ experience increases
• 7-T MRI is practicable in healthy subjects and patients with neurodegenerative diseases
Literature
1.
go back to reference Knopp MV (2011) Clinical applications of ultra-high field 7T MR – moving to FDA/EU approval: potential clinical applications for ultra-high field MR. Proc Intl Soc Mag Reson Med 19 Knopp MV (2011) Clinical applications of ultra-high field 7T MR – moving to FDA/EU approval: potential clinical applications for ultra-high field MR. Proc Intl Soc Mag Reson Med 19
2.
go back to reference International Electro Technical Commission (2002) Medical electrical equipment—Part 2–33: particular requirements for the safety of magnetic resonance equipment for medical diagnosis. IEC 60601-2-33 International Electro Technical Commission (2002) Medical electrical equipment—Part 2–33: particular requirements for the safety of magnetic resonance equipment for medical diagnosis. IEC 60601-2-33
3.
go back to reference United States Food and Drug Administration (2003) Guidance for industry and FDA staff: criteria for significant risk investigations of magnetic resonance diagnostic devices. Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Rockville United States Food and Drug Administration (2003) Guidance for industry and FDA staff: criteria for significant risk investigations of magnetic resonance diagnostic devices. Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Rockville
5.
go back to reference van Nierop LE, Slottje P, Kingma H, Kromhout H (2013) MRI-related static magnetic stray fields and postural body sway: a double-blind randomized crossover study. Magn Reson Med 70:232–240PubMedCrossRef van Nierop LE, Slottje P, Kingma H, Kromhout H (2013) MRI-related static magnetic stray fields and postural body sway: a double-blind randomized crossover study. Magn Reson Med 70:232–240PubMedCrossRef
6.
go back to reference Schenck JF (2005) Physical interactions of static magnetic fields with living tissues. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 87:185–204PubMedCrossRef Schenck JF (2005) Physical interactions of static magnetic fields with living tissues. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 87:185–204PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Kangarlu A, Robitaille P (2000) Biological effects and health implications in magnetic resonance imaging. Concepts Magn Reson 12:321–359CrossRef Kangarlu A, Robitaille P (2000) Biological effects and health implications in magnetic resonance imaging. Concepts Magn Reson 12:321–359CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Collins CM, Li S, Smith MB (1998) SAR and B1 field distributions in a heterogeneous human head model within a birdcage coil. Magn Reson Med 40:847–856PubMedCrossRef Collins CM, Li S, Smith MB (1998) SAR and B1 field distributions in a heterogeneous human head model within a birdcage coil. Magn Reson Med 40:847–856PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Machata AM, Willschke H, Kabon B, Prayer D, Marhofer P (2009) Effect of brain magnetic resonance imaging on body core temperature in sedated infants and children Br J Anaesth 102:385–389 Machata AM, Willschke H, Kabon B, Prayer D, Marhofer P (2009) Effect of brain magnetic resonance imaging on body core temperature in sedated infants and children Br J Anaesth 102:385–389
10.
go back to reference Bryan YF, Templeton TW, Nick TG, Szafran M, Tung A (2006) Brain magnetic resonance imaging increases core body temperature in sedated children Anesth Analg 102:1674–1679 Bryan YF, Templeton TW, Nick TG, Szafran M, Tung A (2006) Brain magnetic resonance imaging increases core body temperature in sedated children Anesth Analg 102:1674–1679
11.
go back to reference van Lier ALHMW, Kotte ANTJ, Raaymakers BW, Lagendijk JJW, van den Berg CAT (2012) Radiofrequency heating induced by 7 T head MRI: thermal assessment using discrete vasculature or Pennes’ bioheat equation. J Magn Reson Imaging 35:795–803PubMedCrossRef van Lier ALHMW, Kotte ANTJ, Raaymakers BW, Lagendijk JJW, van den Berg CAT (2012) Radiofrequency heating induced by 7 T head MRI: thermal assessment using discrete vasculature or Pennes’ bioheat equation. J Magn Reson Imaging 35:795–803PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Collins CM, Liu W, Wang J, Gruetter R, Vaughan JT, Ugurbil K, Smith MB (2004) Temperature and SAR calculations for a human head within volume and surface coils at 64 and 300 MHz. J Magn Reson Imaging 19:650–656PubMedCrossRef Collins CM, Liu W, Wang J, Gruetter R, Vaughan JT, Ugurbil K, Smith MB (2004) Temperature and SAR calculations for a human head within volume and surface coils at 64 and 300 MHz. J Magn Reson Imaging 19:650–656PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Heilmaier C, Theysohn JM, Maderwald S, Kraff O, Ladd ME, Ladd SC (2011) A large-scale study on subjective perception of discomfort during 7 and 1.5 T MRI examinations. Bioelectromagnetics 32:610–619PubMedCrossRef Heilmaier C, Theysohn JM, Maderwald S, Kraff O, Ladd ME, Ladd SC (2011) A large-scale study on subjective perception of discomfort during 7 and 1.5 T MRI examinations. Bioelectromagnetics 32:610–619PubMedCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Versluis MJ, Teeuwisse WM, Kan HE, van Buchem MA, Webb AG, van Osch MJ (2013) Subject tolerance of 7 T MRI examinations. J Magn Reson Imaging 38(3):722–725PubMedCrossRef Versluis MJ, Teeuwisse WM, Kan HE, van Buchem MA, Webb AG, van Osch MJ (2013) Subject tolerance of 7 T MRI examinations. J Magn Reson Imaging 38(3):722–725PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Frosini D, Pesaresi I, Biagi L, Dolce G, Costagli M, Tiberi G, Stara R, Tosetti M, Cosottini M (2013) Safety protocol for monitoring side-effects at 7 T. In: Proceedings of ISMRM workshop on ultra high field MRI, Noordwijk aan Zee, the Netherlands, 2–5 March 2013 Frosini D, Pesaresi I, Biagi L, Dolce G, Costagli M, Tiberi G, Stara R, Tosetti M, Cosottini M (2013) Safety protocol for monitoring side-effects at 7 T. In: Proceedings of ISMRM workshop on ultra high field MRI, Noordwijk aan Zee, the Netherlands, 2–5 March 2013
16.
go back to reference Glover PM, Cavin I, Qian W, Bowtell R, Gowland PA (2007) Magnetic-field-induced vertigo: a theoretical and experimental investigation. Bioelectromagnetics 28:349–361PubMedCrossRef Glover PM, Cavin I, Qian W, Bowtell R, Gowland PA (2007) Magnetic-field-induced vertigo: a theoretical and experimental investigation. Bioelectromagnetics 28:349–361PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference van Nierop LE, Slottje P, van Zandvoort MJ, de Vocht F, Kromhout H (2012) Effects of magnetic stray fields from a 7 tesla MRI scanner on neurocognition: a double-blind randomised crossover study. Occup Environ Med 69:759–766PubMedCrossRef van Nierop LE, Slottje P, van Zandvoort MJ, de Vocht F, Kromhout H (2012) Effects of magnetic stray fields from a 7 tesla MRI scanner on neurocognition: a double-blind randomised crossover study. Occup Environ Med 69:759–766PubMedCrossRef
18.
go back to reference de Vocht F, van Drooge H, Engels H, Kromhout H (2006) Exposure, health complaints and cognitive performance among employees of an MRI scanners manufacturing department. J Magn Reson Imaging 23:197–204PubMedCrossRef de Vocht F, van Drooge H, Engels H, Kromhout H (2006) Exposure, health complaints and cognitive performance among employees of an MRI scanners manufacturing department. J Magn Reson Imaging 23:197–204PubMedCrossRef
19.
go back to reference More SR, Lim TC, Li M, Holland CK, Boyce SE, Lee JH (2006) Acoustic noise characteristics of a 4 Telsa MRI scanner. J Magn Reson Imaging 23(3):388–397PubMedCrossRef More SR, Lim TC, Li M, Holland CK, Boyce SE, Lee JH (2006) Acoustic noise characteristics of a 4 Telsa MRI scanner. J Magn Reson Imaging 23(3):388–397PubMedCrossRef
20.
go back to reference International Electrotechnical Commission (2008) Medical electrical equipment-Part 2-33: particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of magnetic resonance equipment for medical diagnosis. IEC 60601-2-33 International Electrotechnical Commission (2008) Medical electrical equipment-Part 2-33: particular requirements for the basic safety and essential performance of magnetic resonance equipment for medical diagnosis. IEC 60601-2-33
21.
go back to reference Hennel F, Girard F, Loenneker T (1999) “Silent” MRI with soft gradient pulses. Magn Reson Med 42:6–10PubMedCrossRef Hennel F, Girard F, Loenneker T (1999) “Silent” MRI with soft gradient pulses. Magn Reson Med 42:6–10PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Theysohn JM, Maderwald S, Kraff O, Moenninghoff C, Ladd ME, Ladd SC (2008) Subjective acceptance of 7 Tesla MRI for human imaging. Magn Reson Mater Phys 21:63–72CrossRef Theysohn JM, Maderwald S, Kraff O, Moenninghoff C, Ladd ME, Ladd SC (2008) Subjective acceptance of 7 Tesla MRI for human imaging. Magn Reson Mater Phys 21:63–72CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Barsky AJ, Saintfort R, Rogers MP, Borus JF (2002) Nonspecific medication side effects and the nocebo phenomenon. JAMA 287(5):622–627PubMedCrossRef Barsky AJ, Saintfort R, Rogers MP, Borus JF (2002) Nonspecific medication side effects and the nocebo phenomenon. JAMA 287(5):622–627PubMedCrossRef
Metadata
Title
Short-term side-effects of brain MR examination at 7 T: a single-centre experience
Authors
M. Cosottini
D. Frosini
L. Biagi
I. Pesaresi
M. Costagli
G. Tiberi
M. Symms
M. Tosetti
Publication date
01-08-2014
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Radiology / Issue 8/2014
Print ISSN: 0938-7994
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1084
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-014-3177-y

Other articles of this Issue 8/2014

European Radiology 8/2014 Go to the issue