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Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases

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Open Access 01-12-2013 | Research

Serum KL-6 is a predictor of outcome in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

Authors: Francesco Bonella, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Cai Miaotian, Matthias Griese, Josune Guzman, Ulrich Costabel

Published in: Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases | Issue 1/2013

Abstract

Background

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disorder characterised by abundant alveolar accumulation of surfactant lipoproteins. Serum levels of KL-6, high molecular weight human MUC1 mucin, are increased in the majority of patients with PAP. The prognostic significance of KL-6 in PAP is still unknown. Aim of the study was to evaluate whether serum KL-6 levels correlate with the outcome of the disease.

Patients and methods

From 2006 to 2012, we prospectively studied 33 patients with primary autoimmune PAP. We measured serum KL-6 levels by ELISA (Eisai, Tokyo, Japan), and evaluated the correlation between initial KL-6 levels and clinical variables. Disease progression was defined as deterioration of symptoms, and/or lung function, and/or chest imaging.

Main results

The initial serum KL-6 levels were significantly correlated with the baseline PaO₂, A-aDO₂, DLCO, VC and TLC (p=0.042, 0.012, 0.012, 0.02 and 0.013, respectively). The change over time of serum KL-6 correlated with the change over time of DLCO (p=0.017). The initial serum KL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients with disease progression than in those with remission (p<0.001). At a cut-off level of 1526 U/mL, the initial serum KL-6 level predicted disease progression (Se 81%, Sp 94%). At a cut-off level of 2157 U/mL, the initial serum KL-6 predicted the necessity of repeated whole lung lavage (Se 83%, Sp 96%). In the multivariate analysis, the initial serum level of KL-6 was the strongest predictor of disease progression (HR 9.41, p=0.008).

Conclusions

Serum KL-6 seems to predict outcome in PAP.

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Title: Serum KL-6 is a predictor of outcome in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
Authors: Francesco Bonella
Shinichiro Ohshimo
Cai Miaotian
Matthias Griese
Josune Guzman
Ulrich Costabel
Publication date: 01-12-2013
Publisher: BioMed Central
Published in: Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases / Issue 1/2013
Electronic ISSN: 1750-1172
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1750-1172-8-53

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Serum KL-6 is a predictor of outcome in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

Abstract

Background

Patients and methods

Main results

Conclusions

At a glance: The STEP trials

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Background

Patients and methods

Main results

Conclusions

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