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Open Access 01-05-2013 | Original

Sedation depth and long-term mortality in mechanically ventilated critically ill adults: a prospective longitudinal multicentre cohort study

Authors: Yahya Shehabi, Lucy Chan, Suhaini Kadiman, Anita Alias, Wan Nasrudin Ismail, Mohd Ali T. Ismail Tan, Tien Meng Khoo, Saedah Binti Ali, Mat Ariffin Saman, Ahmad Shaltut, Cheng Cheng Tan, Cow Yen Yong, Michael Bailey, The Sedation Practice in Intensive Care Evaluation (SPICE) Study Group investigators

Published in: Intensive Care Medicine | Issue 5/2013

Abstract

Purpose

To ascertain the relationship among early (first 48 h) deep sedation, time to extubation, delirium and long-term mortality.

Methods

We conducted a multicentre prospective longitudinal cohort study in 11 Malaysian hospitals including medical/surgical patients (n = 259) who were sedated and ventilated ≥24 h. Patients were followed from ICU admission up to 28 days in ICU with 4-hourly sedation and daily delirium assessments and 180-day mortality. Deep sedation was defined as Richmond Agitation Sedation Score (RASS) ≤−3.

Results

The cohort had a mean (SD) age of 53.1 (15.9) years and APACHE II score of 21.3 (8.2) with hospital and 180-day mortality of 82 (31.7 %) and 110/237 (46.4 %). Patients were followed for 2,657 ICU days and underwent 13,836 RASS assessments. Midazolam prescription was predominant compared to propofol, given to 241 (93 %) versus 72 (28 %) patients (P < 0.0001) for 966 (39.6 %) versus 183 (7.5 %) study days respectively. Deep sedation occurred in (182/257) 71 % patients at first assessment and in 159 (61 %) patients and 1,658 (59 %) of all RASS assessments at 48 h. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis adjusting for a priori assigned covariates including sedative agents, diagnosis, age, APACHE II score, operative, elective, vasopressors and dialysis showed that early deep sedation was independently associated with longer time to extubation [hazard ratio (HR) 0.93, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.89–0.97, P = 0.003], hospital death (HR 1.11, 95 % CI 1.05–1.18, P < 0.001) and 180-day mortality (HR 1.09, 95 % CI 1.04–1.15, P = 0.002), but not time to delirium (HR 0.98, P = 0.23). Delirium occurred in 114 (44 %) of patients.

Conclusion

Irrespective of sedative choice, early deep sedation was independently associated with delayed extubation and higher mortality, and thus was a potentially modifiable risk in interventional trials.

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Title: Sedation depth and long-term mortality in mechanically ventilated critically ill adults: a prospective longitudinal multicentre cohort study
Authors: Yahya Shehabi
Lucy Chan
Suhaini Kadiman
Anita Alias
Wan Nasrudin Ismail
Mohd Ali T. Ismail Tan
Tien Meng Khoo
Saedah Binti Ali
Mat Ariffin Saman
Ahmad Shaltut
Cheng Cheng Tan
Cow Yen Yong
Michael Bailey
The Sedation Practice in Intensive Care Evaluation (SPICE) Study Group investigators
Publication date: 01-05-2013
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Published in: Intensive Care Medicine / Issue 5/2013
Print ISSN: 0342-4642
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1238
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-013-2830-2

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Sedation depth and long-term mortality in mechanically ventilated critically ill adults: a prospective longitudinal multicentre cohort study

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on medication adherence

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusion

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