Role of Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy for Tumorous Lesions of the Spleen

Laparoscopic partial splenectomy (LPS) is a surgical option for splenic masses, with the goal of reducing postoperative complications while preserving splenic function.

Thirty-seven patients who underwent laparoscopic splenectomy for tumorous lesions of the spleen at two affiliated hospitals were enrolled. Among them, 22 patients underwent laparoscopic total splenectomy (LTS) and 15 patients underwent LPS.

The tumorous lesions of the spleen in both groups, in order of decreasing frequency, consisted of epithelial cysts, hemangiomas, lymphangiomas, abscesses, metastatic tumors, and hamartomas. All procedures were completed by laparoscopy, and the pathologic lesions in the spleen were completely removed in both groups. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of the operative time (LTS 151.5 ± 98.5 min, LPS 168.6 ± 46.8 min, p = 0.483), intraoperative blood loss (LTS 337.3 ± 188.4 ml, LPS 422.6 ± 187.4 ml, p = 0.185), and transfusion rate (LTS 3/22 [13.6 %], LPS 3/15 [20.0 %], p = 0.606). However, there were significant differences in postoperative complications such as pleural effusion (LTS 9/22 [40.9 %], LPS 0/15 [0 %], p = 0.005), splenic vein thrombosis (LTS 10/22 [45.5 %], LPS 0/15 [0 %], p = 0.002), and postoperative hospital stay (LTS 5.4 ± 1.8 days, LPS 4.2 ± 0.8 days, p = 0.027).

LPS is a feasible, safe surgical procedure in patients with tumorous lesions of the spleen, and it represents an effective approach to reduce postoperative hospital stay and complications.